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5.methods For Solving Equations

The document discusses different methods for solving systems of linear equations using matrices, including: - Gauss-Jordan elimination method - Crout's method for square matrices where all principal minors are non-zero - Jacobi iterative method - Gauss-Seidel iterative method Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply each method step-by-step to solve systems of equations. The Gauss-Jordan method is used to solve a 3x3 system. Crout's method factorizes a 3x3 matrix into lower and upper triangular matrices. The Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel methods iteratively solve 3x3 systems through successive approximations.

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Shubham
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© © All Rights Reserved
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210 views8 pages

5.methods For Solving Equations

The document discusses different methods for solving systems of linear equations using matrices, including: - Gauss-Jordan elimination method - Crout's method for square matrices where all principal minors are non-zero - Jacobi iterative method - Gauss-Seidel iterative method Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply each method step-by-step to solve systems of equations. The Gauss-Jordan method is used to solve a 3x3 system. Crout's method factorizes a 3x3 matrix into lower and upper triangular matrices. The Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel methods iteratively solve 3x3 systems through successive approximations.

Uploaded by

Shubham
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Matrices

Methods For Solving Equation

Solved Problems

METHODS FOR SOLVING THE MATRIX

Gauss Jordan method:x + y + z =9

(Always use augmented matrix)

2x 3y + 4z = 13
3x + 4y +5z = 40

[A:B] =[

~ [

~ [


]

,

~ [


]

1

Matrices

Methods For Solving Equation

Solved Problems

()

~ [

+ , 14

~ [

x = 1 , y =3, z =5

Crouts method :When in square matrix every principal minior 0


Then matrix can be written as LU
x + y + z =0
x + 2y + 3z=4
x + 4y + 9y=6
Step 1:
Write A =LU

Matrices

Methods For Solving Equation

=[

] =[

+
+


] [

Solved Problems

+
]
+ +

= , = , =
= =
+

+ =
= =
+ = =
+ + = =

l = [

Step 2 :

LV = B

u = [

] [ ] = []

= 3
3

Matrices

Methods For Solving Equation

+ = 4 =
+ + = 6 =0

V = [ ]

Step 3 : Ux = V

] [] = []

z = 0
y + 2z = 1 y = 1
x + y + z = 3 x = 2
x=2 , y=1 , z=0

Solved Problems

Matrices

Methods For Solving Equation

Jacobi Iterative method : 15x + 2y + z = 18


2x +20y 3z = 19
3x 6y + 25z = 22

X = (182y z)

y = (193z 2x)

z = (223x +6y)

..(i)
..(ii)
..(iii)

Step 1 : put x = 0 , y = 0 ,z = 0 in (i) ,(ii), (iii)


= 1.2
= 0.95
= 0.88
Step 2 : put x = 1.2 , y = 0.95 ,z = 0.88
= 1.0146
= 0.962
=0.964
Step 3 : = 1.046 , =0.9979 , = 0.991
In (i) , (ii) , (iii)
5

Solved Problems

Matrices

Methods For Solving Equation

= 1.0075
=0.9979
=0.9891
Step 4: =1.0075 , =0.9979 , =0.9891
= 1.0025
= 0.9989
= 0.9887
Step 4: = 1.0025 , =0.9979 , =0.9891
=1.0067
=0.9992
=0.9898
Step 6 : = 1.0067 , =0.9992 , =0.9898
=1.0002
=0.9996
=0.9992
X =1 ,

y = 2 , z= 1

Solved Problems

Matrices

Methods For Solving Equation

Gauss- seidel :4x2yz = 40


x6y+2z=28
x2y+12z=36

x= (40+2y+z)
y=

(28x2z)

z= (86x+2y)

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

step 1: put y=0 , z=0 , in (i)


=10
Put x=10 , z=0 in (2)
=6.3333
Put x=10 , y = 6.3333 , z=6.9345 in (1)
=11.4305
Put x=11.4305 , z=6.9445 in (2)
=4.2569
Put x=11.4305 , y=4.2569 in (3)
=7.4097
Step 3:
7

Solved Problems

Matrices

Methods For Solving Equation

Solved Problems

=10.3923
=3.9097
=7.3714
Step 4:
=10.1186
=3.9096
=7.3393

x=10.198
y=4
z=7.34
Therefore , Approximate values of x , y and z are 10 , 4 , -7
respectively.

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