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3 King Street, London, offices 2, 113, 115,

117
7 Architects Project 84
9 Lansdown Crescent, Bath (1930) 332
12 Bedford Square, London 117
21 Queensmere Road, Wimbledon,
London (1935) 335
24 Woburn Square, London 108
28 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury,
London 107
34 Gordon Square, London 108
63 Gloucester Place, London, home and
office 2, 3, 118, 133, 215, 280, 281,
282, 283, 284, 285
65 Ladbroke Grove, Kensington, London
79, 7980, 324, 329, 336
66 Old Church Street, Chelsea, London
723, 73, 335, 338
171 Victoria Street, London, offices 67
1960s architecture, attitudes towards 8

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Aalto, Alvar 79
Abercrombie, Patrick 14, 15, 29, 36, 39,
123
Abrams, Charles (190270) 208
Aburi Girls School, Ghana 166, 167, 168,
171, 172, 172, 326, 341
Accra Community Centre 194, 195, 339
Achimoto College, Ghana 183
Adams and Thompson 214, 22, 39, 224,
331
Adams, Frederick 216

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Adams, Thomas (18711940) 10, 21, 26,

29, 31, 35, 66, 67
see also Adams and Thompson; Adams,
Thompson and Fry
Adams, Thompson and Fry 26, 27, 28,
2831, 30, 63, 69, 116, 332
Adams, Walter 187
Adisadel College, Ghana (1951) 167, 285,
286, 340
Adshead, Stanley 20, 21, 29, 35
Africa, Fry and Drews work in
see West Africa
African Manganese Corporation 194,
195, 196, 341
Ahmadi, Kuwait 148, 339
Ahmadu Bello Stadium and Swimming
Pool, Nigeria (1967) 346
aircraft factories 135
Akropong Presbyterian Teacher Training
College, Ghana 169
Albery, Jessica 106, 120, 338
Alcock, Alfred Edward Savige (Bunny)
156, 157, 158, 199, 201, 208, 328
All Souls College, Oxford University
(1937) 77, 336
Alliston House, Cambridge 336
Alliston, Georgina and Jenny (b.1937)
(daughters of Drew) 7, 113, 115, 149
Alliston, James (19082000), (first
husband of Drew) 102, 107, 107,
108, 110, 11213, 149, 333, 337
Altofts Science School, Yorkshire 77, 339
Amedzofe School, Ghana 340
America, Fry and Drews work in 279,
3046
American Institute of Architects 279, 349
Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC) 260

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to Figures; page numbers followed
by n and another number refer to
Notes.

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Index

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368 The Architecture of Edwin Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew

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Autobiographical Sketches (Fry) 312

avant-garde 279

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Baha-ist House of Worship, Kampala,

Uganda (1955) 288, 342
Baines, Frank (18771933) 20
Baker, Herbert 184
Baldwinson, Arthur 67
Banham, Reyner 279
Bank of West Africa projects, Ghana
(19541959) 342
Bank of West Africa, Swedru, Ghana
(1964) 346
Barclays DCO building, Lagos, Nigeria
264
Barman, Christian (18981980) 23, 38, 40
Barry, Gerald 34, 132, 135
Barton, Herbert 25
Barton, Thomas 162, 175
bathroom designs 51, 55, 128
Bathurst, Gambia 151, 152, 175, 338
Baudelaire, Charles 16
Bauhaus 13, 34, 289
see also Gropius, Walter
Bawa, Geoffrey 344
Bawden, Edward 296
Bayer, Herbert 85
Belfry Housing (196366) 345
Belgrade Theatre, Coventry 68
bell towers 165
Bell, Anning 13, 15
Benson, Betty C. 151
Bentley, Nicholas 287
Bernal, Desmond 121
Bertram, Anthony 62
Bexhill, East Sussex, town plan 333
Bicknell, John (192997) 287
Bill, Max 289
Birmingham Civic Centre Competition
(1927) 26, 28, 28, 332
Blanco White, Margaret Justin (1911
2001) 13, 77, 106, 107, 131
Bligh, Graham 280
Blomfield, Reginald 9, 23, 35
Bloomsbury Group of Liverpool
see Sandon Studios Society
BOAC housing, Lagos, Nigeria 345
Bond, Peter 344
Bonnier, Charles 14
BP offices, Lagos, Nigeria (1960) 266, 267,
326, 344
Bradell, Dorothy 119

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Anglo-Thai offices and workshops,

Bangkok, Thailand (1969) 347
Antobam, Kofi 194
Apowa Roman Catholic Teachers Training
College and Boys School, Takoradi,
Ghana 172, 173, 341
Architect and Building News 235
Architects Cooperative 263
Architects Co-Partnership (ACP) 209, 264
Architects Journal (AJ) 38, 50, 51, 56, 62,
80, 89
Architects Year Book (AYB) 3, 1201, 122,
124, 127, 128, 200, 225, 278, 28990,
328, 338
Architectural Association (AA) 126
and Drew 101, 1058, 106
Tropical Architecture course 205, 259,
285, 305
Architectural Design 121, 282, 287
Architectural Review (AR) 25, 32, 50, 64,
121, 130, 285
Architecture for Children (Fry) 147, 338
Architecture of Humanism (Scott) 24
archives 2, 4
art 2789
and architecture 13, 15, 334, 285, 287
see also artworks
Art and Industry (Read) 69
Art Deco style, Odeon Cinema, Surbiton,
London (1934) 108, 109
Arts and Crafts Movement 12, 13, 30, 32,
334, 52
artworks 7, 69, 81, 108, 135, 137, 248,
2845, 289, 306, 328, 329
Le Corbusier 253, 253
Liverpool University buildings 299,
299300, 300, 301
Pilkington Glass Headquarters 290,
2934, 295, 296, 296, 303
see also art; murals; sculpture
Arup, Ove 3, 34, 120, 133, 259
Asawasi, Kumasi, Ghana 156, 157, 158,
339
Ashanti Stool pattern 174, 174
Ashcroft, Peggy 104
Assembly Building, Chandigarh 250, 250,
253
Atepa, Pierre Goudiaby 348
Athenaeum Club 9
Atkinson, G.A. 205
Atkinson, J.R. 282, 344
Atkinson, Robert 31, 39, 56, 334

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Cadbury-Brown, H.T. 126, 127

Caf Royal 114, 121, 147
Capon, C.K. 126
Cappa and DAlberto 187
Cardiff City Hall 28
Carey, Charles de Vic 296
Care, W.D. 35
Carrre and Hastings, New York, Frys
placement with 1618, 17, 331
Carrre, John Merven (18581911) 16
Carter, Edward Bobby 31
Carter, Stabler and Adams 34
Casson, Hugh 133, 184, 185
Catalano, Eduardo (19172010) 305, 306
Cautionary Guides (Williams-Ellis) 33
Cecil Residential Club, North Gower
Street, London (193840) 77, 801,
81, 82, 324, 337
Cement Marketing Company 53
Ceylon Tea Centre (1949) 131, 132, 340
Chadwick, Lynn 135
Chandigarh, India 7, 116, 131, 132, 148,
158, 177n39, 200, 201, 202, 205, 209,

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21518, 217, 218, 325, 326, 327, 328,

3401
building design phase 21821
climate considerations 230, 2303, 231,
232, 233, 234, 235, 2367, 238, 238,
239, 240, 241, 241
educational buildings 243, 2445,
2457, 246, 247, 248
Government Press Building 239, 240,
241, 2412, 242
housing 21920, 220, 221, 223, 226,
230, 2303, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235,
2367, 238, 238, 2589, 262, 277
and Le Corbusier 215, 217, 218, 218,
219, 221, 223, 224, 228, 239, 250,
2504, 251, 252, 253, 259
reflections on 25860
Sector-22 2216, 222, 223, 225, 226,
229, 230, 235, 238, 256, 258
training of Indian architects 2548,
255, 256
Chandra, Avinash 294, 295
Chantry, The, Harlow, Essex 128, 130, 340
Charing Cross Masterplan, London (1931)
346, 35, 38
Charles, Freddie 67, 177n41
Chartered Bank, Bangkok, Thailand
(1970) 348
Chelwood House, London (1965) 347
Chermayeff, Serge 68, 73, 86
Chester Royal Infirmary competition
(1937) 108, 336
Cheverton, Rex 306
Chipperfield Case (Little Winch) 602, 61
Chowdhury, Eulie 252, 254
Chowne, Gerard 15
Christ Cathedral Primary School, Lagos,
Nigeria (1960) 344
Christs College, Cambridge University
(193637) 77, 78, 335
Christmas card from the Fry family 6
Churchill College, Cambridge (1958) 303,
343
CIAM (Congrs International dArchitecture
Moderne) 50, 51, 68, 116, 137, 278,
279, 287
in America 304, 305, 315
Eighth Conference, Hoddesdon,
Hertfordshire (1951) 126, 128, 130,
131, 278
Ninth Congress, Aix-en-Provence
(1953) 2778

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Brazilian Airplane Factory Commission

128
Breakspear Crematorium Chapel, Ruislip,
Middlesex (1971) 313, 348
Breuer, Marcel 84, 115
Brikama College, Gambia (197781) 348
Britain Can Make It exhibition (1946)
11819, 119, 131, 338
British Commercial Gas Association 117,
148, 388
British Council 120
British High Commission offices, Banjul,
Gambia (1960) 344
British Modern Movement 1, 9, 31,
4950, 60, 124, 278
British Pavilion, World Fair, New York
(1939) 87, 337
British Presses 239
Broadbent House, Hendon (1960) 344
Broadcasting Building, Nigeria 343
Broadstairs Station 25
Budden, Lionel 14, 15
Builder 26
Building Research Station 205
Bunschaft, Gordon 293, 298
Burmah-Shell offices, Kolkaya 260,
2634, 264
Byng, Robert 344

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Conder, Neville 135

Connecticut General Life Insurance
Company Headquarters (195357)
298
Coolidge, Shepley, Bullfinch and Abbott
300
Cordwell, John 60, 130, 280, 339
core, the 126, 128, 130, 131, 283, 292, 298
Council of Industrial Design 131
Country Life 23, 30
County of London plan (1943) 123
Coventry Cathedral 290, 296
Coychurch Crematorium, Bridgend, Wales
(196770) 31314, 314, 315, 329, 347
CPRE (Council for the Preservation of
Rural England) 33, 34, 367, 52, 64,
131
Cramond, Edinburgh 29
Crawley 126
Creamer, Norman 2, 280, 282, 306, 344
Creasy, Gerald 161
crematoria 31314, 314, 315, 329, 347
Cresta Silks 37, 82
Crinson, Mark 279
Cripps, Stafford 132
Crittall, W.F. 33, 34
Crosby, Theo 73, 121, 124, 194, 254, 282,
287
Crowley, Mary 106, 113
Croydon High School for Girls 104
Cubitt, James 264
Cullen, Gordon 130, 285
Cummings, Constance 73, 335

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Summer School (1948) 124, 126

Cidade dos Motores (Motor City), Brazil
1278, 131
Circle 1201
CIRPAC (Le Comit International pour
la Rsolution des Problmes de
lArchitecture Contemporaine) 68
City Beautiful Society 14
City Hall Offices, Gibraltar (1966) 347
City of the Future 21, 22, 332
civic design 14
Civil Engineering Building, Liverpool
University (195560) 298, 299,
299300, 300, 342
Clark, Kenneth 115, 132, 148, 278
Classicism 13, 16
Clifford, Patience 135
Co-operative Bank building, Accra, Ghana
264
Co-operative Bank building, Ibadan,
Nigeria (195456) 264, 265, 266, 342
Co-operative Bank building, Lagos,
Nigeria 266, 266
Coates, Marion 3
Coates, Wells (18951992) 10, 24, 31, 37,
38, 40, 50, 51, 66, 82, 108, 333
colleges:
Chandigarh 2457, 246, 247, 248
Ghana 162, 163, 166, 169, 341
Nigeria 288,343
Colonial Building Notes 205
Colonial Office 3, 7, 161, 162, 183, 205,
326, 327
Committee for the Practice of Visual Arts,
Harvard University 298
Communities (May) 199, 201
community centres:
model community centre, British
Pavilion, World Fair, New York (1939)
87, 337
West Africa 1934, 195, 196, 1967
compound housing:
Iranian oil worker housing project
2612
Tema Manhean project 202, 203, 204,
205, 207, 262
computer centres 308, 309, 310
concrete 51, 324
concrete balusters 285, 286
concrete grilles/screens 171, 174, 174,
192, 230, 231, 243
Concrete House competition 53

Dannatt, Trevor 101, 115, 120, 149, 160,

338
Dartington Hall estate, Devon 656, 74
Dawlish, Devon, cottage hospital design
(193739) 108, 306, 336
de Blois, Natalie 293, 298
De La Warr Pavilion, Bexhill, East Sussex
333
De Syllas, Leo 160, 172, 328
Denby, Elizabeth 49, 52, 536, 54, 55,
567, 58, 59, 60, 84, 89, 107, 120, 148,
258, 333, 334, 338
Derby 11617, 147, 337
Design and Industries Association
see DIA
Design Centre for British Rayon Industry
(1948) 131, 339
Design in Industry 38

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see also Chandigarh, India; Fry, Drew

and Partners; Fry, Drew, Drake
and Lasdun; Fry, Drew, Knight and
Creamer; Ghana (Gold Coast); West
Africa
Drummond, John 294

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East Punjab Commission

see Chandigarh, India
Eastbourne and District regional
planning scheme 333
Ecochard, Michel 263
Ecole des Beaux Arts 14
Edmiston, Bill 106
education:
colonial policy 151
Ghana 1613, 163, 164, 165, 1656,
166, 167, 168, 168, 16971, 172,
1725, 173, 174
rural areas 756, 76
Edwards, Arthur Trystan (18841973)
234, 39, 311
electricity services 512, 823, 83, 84
Electricity Show Rooms, Regent Street
(1937) 856, 86, 87, 303, 336
Elek, Paul 121
Eliot, T.S. 132
Ellerman, John 113
Ellison, Henry 70
Elm Court School for the Deaf, London
(1966) 347
Elmhirst, Leonard 34, 656, 132
Elousa project, Cyprus 344
English landscape 646, 65
Epps, Camilla 106
Europe Rehoused (Denby) 53
Evans, Trystan 36
Evens, J.E. 185
Exhibition for Planned Industrial
Construction (EPIC) 379, 51
Exhibition of British Art in Industry, Royal
Academy, 1935 834, 334
Exhibition of Building Workers Unions,
Berlin, 1931 85
Exhibition of Contemporary Industrial
Design in the Home, 1934 834
existenzminimum 51, 52, 55, 235

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Design in Modern Life 52

Deutscher Werkbund 32
Development and Welfare 6, 159, 175,
201, 327
Devonshire House, London 16, 312
DIA (Design and Industries Association)
23, 31, 32, 334, 36, 37, 49, 50, 51, 52,
62, 63, 64, 69, 89, 131
DIA Quarterly 32, 38
Dillon, Carmen 106
Doctors house, Cliftonville, Kent (1937)
336
Domestic Commercial Heat Services
Committee 117
Dow Agrochemicals Ltd. offices, Norfolk
(1960) 3034, 304, 344
Drake, Lindsey 8, 202, 216, 2801, 282
see also Fry, Drew, Drake and Lasdun
Drew, Dorothy (19081988) 102, 104,
106
Drew, Emma Spering (18731947) 102,
104
Drew, Harry Guy Radcliffe (18801958)
102, 103
Drew, Joyce Beverly (Jane) (19111996)
73, 90, 107, 137, 234, 255, 261, 3234,
3259
architectural education 1058, 106,
107
archives 23
beginnings of the Fry and Drew
partnership 11217, 114
character and personality of 12, 56,
101, 149
design and industry work 11720, 118,
119
early career 108, 109, 11012, 111,
112
early life 102, 103, 104, 104, 105, 331
Festival of Britain (1951) 1313, 134,
135, 136, 137
and the Ibadan University project 185,
186, 186, 187, 216
and Le Corbusier 2514, 252, 259
London practice, 1950s onwards
277315
marriage to James Alliston 102, 107,
107, 108, 110, 11213, 333, 337
marriage to Max Fry 101, 114, 114, 147,
337
postwar housing 120, 1214, 123, 125,
1268, 129, 1301

371

faades 4, 124, 130

Falkland House, Lewisham, London 341
Farleigh, John 131
Feibusch, Hans 545, 70, 71, 119, 148, 335

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372 The Architecture of Edwin Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew

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early career with Adams and

Thompson 214, 22, 331
early life 1011, 331
and the Exhibition for Planned
Industrial Construction (EPIC) 379
group work 317, 35
London practice, 1950s onwards
277315
marriage to Ethel Leese (Speakman)
24, 31, 113, 114, 332, 337
marriage to Jane Drew 101, 114, 114,
147, 337
and Modernism 4, 910, 317, 35,
3940, 51, 3234
postwar housing 120, 1214, 123, 125,
1268, 129, 1301
see also Ghana (Gold Coast)
work for Southern Railways 246, 25,
26, 331
writing style 23
see also Adams, Thompson and Fry;
Chandigarh, India; Fry, Drew and
Partners; Fry, Drew, Drake and
Lasdun; Fry, Drew, Knight and
Creamer; West Africa
Fry, Ethel (Ethel Leese; Ethel Speakman)
24, 31, 62, 65, 113, 114, 148, 332, 337
Fry, Lily (b.1869) 11, 16
Fry, Muriel (b.1895) 11, 16
Fry, Nora (b. 1897) 11
Fry, Stanley (b.1900) 11

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Ferdowsi University, Iran (1946) 263, 346

Ferriss, Hugh 21
Festival of Britain (1951) 87, 1313, 134,
135, 136, 137, 215, 216, 285, 294, 340
Fine Building (Fry) 3, 147
Finella 82
Finland, Frys trip to 79
First Kings Liverpool Regiment 12
First Report of the Greater London
Regional Planning Committee 29
First World War, Frys service in 12, 147
Fletcher, Janet 107
Forbes, Mansfield 33, 50, 82
Ford, Harry L. 180n104
Ford, Percy 122
Forshaw, Henry 123
Foster, Don 296, 303
Fourah Bay College, Sierra Leone 183
Frankfurt Kitchen 51
Freetown, Sierra Leone 153, 339
Frew House, Accra, Ghana (1960) 344
Fry, Ambrose Owen (b.1869) 11
Fry, Ann 113, 333
Fry, Drew and Partners 278, 339, 344
Fry, Drew, Drake and Lasdun 7, 202,
2801, 282
Fry, Drew, Knight and Creamer 2, 4, 278,
279, 282, 348
Fry, Edwin Maxwell (Max) (18991987)
1, 18, 65, 114, 173, 252, 256, 3235,
3269
1930s developments 4953, 79, 7981,
80, 81
education projects 757, 76, 77
exhibition experiments 81, 817,
82, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89
partnership with Elizabeth Denby
49, 536, 54, 55, 567, 58, 59,
60, 89
partnership with Gropius 49, 62
70, 65, 67, 70, 71, 72, 727, 73, 74,
76, 78, 856, 86, 87, 89, 334
private client houses 602, 61,
6970, 70, 71, 72, 72, 73, 74, 79, 79
architectural education 1, 1011, 12,
1319, 15, 17, 18, 20, 39, 331
archives 23
beginnings of the Fry and Drew
partnership 11217, 114
character and personality of 56
design and industry work 11720, 118,
119

Gabo, Naum 121

Gach Saran new town, Iran (1959) 263, 343
Gambia, Bathurst 151, 152
Garden City movement 21, 52, 116, 130,
131
garden suburbs 12, 201
Garden Village design 23
Gardner-Medwin, Robert 160, 208, 328
Gardner, James 119, 296, 297
Garnier, Tony 116
gas services 512, 56, 57
Gas, Light and Coke Company 56, 834,
334
Geddes, Patrick 116, 117, 225
Gestetner Factory, Stirling, Scotland
(1973) 348
Ghana (Gold Coast), Fry and Drews work
in 148, 14950, 1534, 154, 161, 162,
185, 186, 338
Accra Community Centre 194, 195, 339

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Hallfield estate, Bishops Bridge Road,

Paddington, London (19461954)
124
Hallfield Primary School 281

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Halliday, A. 187
Hammer Prints 2845
handicrafts education, Liverpool School
of Architecture 13
Harlow Design Group 127
Harlow New Town 1268, 129, 1301,
324, 340
Harris and Sheldon factory project (1943)
115, 338
Harvard University:
Biological Laboratories (1930) 300, 302
Graduate School of Design (GSD), Frys
visiting professorship 298, 305, 343
Holyoke Centre (196267) 305
Hastings, H. de Cronin 50, 333
Hastings, Thomas (18601929) 16, 17,
32, 39
see also Carrre and Hastings
Hatmil, Maud 7, 149
Haussman, Baron 116
Hawksmoor, Nicholas 105
Heal, Ambrose 84
Heal, Christopher 84
Heckscher Building, New York 1617, 17
Hemel Hempstead 126
Henderson, Judith 284
Henderson, Nigel 282, 284
Hening, Robert 65, 74
Hepworth, Barbara 133
High Court Building, Chandigarh 228,
250, 251
Hill, Joseph (18881947) 108
Hilton Hotel, Colombo, Sri Lanka (1967)
346
Hitchins, Stephen 2
Ho-Hoe Teacher Training College School,
Ghana (194849) 163, 166
Holden, Charles 1078
Holford, William 68, 150, 259
Holy Cross School, Lagos, Nigeria (1960)
344
Holyoke Centre, Harvard University
(196267) 305
Homerton College Nursery School,
Cambridge (1940) 337
Hounsell, S.E.A. 280, 339
Houses of Parliament, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia (195963) 344
housing:
Chandigarh 21920, 220, 221, 223, 226,
230, 2303, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235,
2367, 238, 238, 2589, 262, 277

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schools projects 1623, 163, 164, 165,

1656, 166, 167, 168, 168, 16971,
1725, 173, 174, 192, 193
Tarkwa Community Centre 194, 196,
1967
Tema Manhean 197202, 199, 201, 203,
2045, 2068, 2089, 258, 262
Ghana School of Architects 150
Gibberd, Frederick 119, 1267, 128, 131
Giedion, Sigfried 124, 279, 305
Girls School, Chandigarh 243, 245
Glassware Gallery, Exhibition of British
Art in Industry, Royal Academy, 1935
834, 334
Gloag, John 33, 34, 38, 50, 52, 116, 1312
Gloucester Avenue, Cliftonville, Kent 110,
111
Gold Coast
see Ghana
Goldfinger, Erno 113
good design 60
Goodden, Robert 296
Goodenough, Francis 38
Goodwin, Arthur 306
Gourley, Ronald 298
Government Press Building, Chandigarh,
India 239, 240, 241, 2412, 242
Graham, Gordon 277, 278
Greater London Plan (1944) 1267
Greeley, Roland 216
Greenwell, Kathleen 133, 280, 339
Gregory, E.C. (Peter) (18881959) 115,
117, 148, 180n106, 255, 278, 327, 343
grid planning 202
Groghan, Ned 29
Gropius, Ise 62, 63, 117
Gropius, Walter 1, 4, 13, 31, 34, 49, 51,
55, 60, 113, 117, 149, 277, 288, 304,
305, 324
partnership with Fry 49, 6270, 65, 67,
70, 71, 72, 727, 73, 74, 76, 78, 856,
86, 87, 89, 334
Grove House School and Clinic for Deaf
Children, London (1966) 347
Gulf Oil Computer Centre, London (1958)
303, 343
Gurney, Henry 161

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Ibadan University, Nigeria 5, 1837, 186,

187, 188, 189, 189, 1901, 192, 1923,
215, 235, 326, 339
ICA Interiors, London (1964) 340, 346
Impington Village College,
Cambridgeshire (193639) 756, 76,
87, 335
Independent Group 282
India:
independence 215
see also Chandigarh, India
Indian Students Hostel, London 68
Industrial City 116
Institute of Contemporary Arts (ICA)
2789, 282, 287
Institute of Education, Mauritius 348
Inter-University Council for Higher
Education in the Colonies 184, 185,
187
International Nickel Company 79
Introduction to Modern Architecture, An
(Richards) 60
Investment Bank Lagos building, Lagos,
Nigeria 264
Iran, oil worker housing 2602, 261, 262
Iranian Oil Exploration and Production
Company 343
Isokon 2, Manchester 634, 334
Isokon 3, St Leonards Hill, Windsor 64,
65, 667, 67, 75, 311, 334
Jackson, Anthony 9, 36, 56

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Jackson, Herbert 13
Jackson, Thomas Graham 13
James, C.H. 56, 334
Jeanneret, Pierre 7, 215, 21819, 250,
251, 254, 255, 257
Jellicoe, Geoffrey 1056, 128
Jenkins, Ronald 133, 285
Joglekar, S.N. 216
John, Augustus 13, 15, 121
Johnson, Philip 130, 254
Jones, Barbara 296
Jones, Barker 12
Jordan, Robert 126
Kahn, Ely Jacques 16
Kahn, Louis 305, 306
Kampala, Uganda 199200, 200
Kandya 297
Katz, Bronek 67, 116
Kaufmann, Eugen 84
Kearley, Charles 79, 115, 334
Kempster, William 296
Kemsley Village, Kent 213, 30, 52, 331
Kensal House, Kensington, London
(193337) 9, 567, 58, 59, 60, 77, 334
Kenya 3, 149
King, Anthony 239
Kingston House, Hull (196567) 347
Kingston, Ray 263
Kiran Cinema, Chandigarh 256
kitchen design 51, 55, 56, 57, 59, 11718,
118, 119, 119, 128, 148, 149
Kitchen Planning: A Brochure of New Plans
and Suggestions for Labour-Saving
Kitchens (Drew) 11718, 338
kitchen-bathroom units 118, 118
Kler, Dharam Singh 216
Knight, Christopher 133
Knight, Frank 2, 102, 280, 282, 305, 310,
344
Knight, Geoffrey 168
Koenigsberger, Otto 208, 209, 216, 233
Koinange, Peter 149
Korn, Arthur 67, 116, 126
Kumasi, Ghana 7, 153, 154, 154, 156, 157,
158, 161, 162, 168, 170, 171, 185, 186
Kuwait Oil Company 148

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compound housing 7, 202, 203, 204,

205, 207
Tema Manhean 199, 199202, 201, 203,
2045, 2068, 2089
see also working class housing
Howe, Jack 67, 75, 84, 90
Hudson-Davies family 79, 336
Hudson-Davies, Alan 116
Hughes, Quentin 13
humanism 75, 278, 281, 286, 2889, 290,
293, 2989, 304, 308, 313, 325, 328
Hutton, John 296, 296
Huxley, Elizabeth 184
Huxley, Julian 24, 34, 113, 114, 121, 122,
147, 166, 184, 189, 197, 278
hydropower:
Tennessee Valley Authority Project
117, 149, 197
Volta River project 1978

Lake House studio, Sussex (195960) 343

Lamb, William 16
Lamba, N.S. 277
Lanchester, Elsa 108, 110

 Ashgate Publishing Ltd

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Living in Cities (Tubbs) 122

Lloyd, Frank 21
local building traditions 323
Lock, Max 200
London:
MARS Plan 116
post-war reconstruction 123, 1234,
125, 1268, 129, 1301
regional planning 29, 378
London and Regional Town Planning
Schemes 378
Long, Trevor 296
Longmans Green house, Lagos, Nigeria
(1961) 345
louvers 239, 240, 241, 266
Low Cost Housing exhibition, Delhi 216
Low, Aleck 116
Lubetkin, Berthold 50, 124, 215, 281
Luke, Ann 280
Lyons, Eric 67, 90, 310

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Lanchester, Henry Vaughan 28, 233

landscape, English 646, 65
Lane, Allen 121
Lane, Katherine Ward 300, 302
Lanyon, Peter 299300, 300
Lasdun, Denys 7, 124, 202, 216, 2801,
282, 287, 304, 342, 345
see also Fry, Drew, Drake and Lasdun
Laughton, Charles 108, 110
Lawn Road flats, Hampstead, London 51,
63, 85
Le Corbusier 7, 33, 116, 196, 277, 278,
288, 298, 304, 314, 325
and Chandigarh, India 215, 217, 218,
218, 219, 221, 223, 224, 228, 239, 250,
2504, 251, 252, 253, 259
and Drew 2514, 252, 259
le Mare, Bernard 73
Ledeboer, Judith 84, 106, 120, 338
Lees, Derrick 4, 281, 306
Leese, Ethel
see Fry, Ethel
Legislative Assembly and Government
Centre, Mauritius 348
leisure and recreation 1934
Lescaze, William 66
Lethaby, William 12, 32
Leventis Store, Accra, Ghana (195558)
342
Lever House (195152) 2923
Lever, William Hesketh (18511925) 14,
15, 16
Levy, Ben 73, 335
Lewis, Timothy 314
Linden, Karl 115
Ling, Arthur 67, 68, 116
Lionel Wendt Gallery, Colombo, Ceylon
344
Littel Winch, Chipperfield Common,
Hertfordshire (193436) 602, 61,
79, 334
Liverpool 1011, 147
Liverpool Cathedral 14
Liverpool Institute 11
Liverpool School of Architecture 68
Frys education at 10, 12, 1318, 15, 17,
18, 19, 20, 39, 331
Liverpool University:
Civil Engineering Building (195560)
298, 299, 299300, 300, 342
Veterinary Science Building (195560)
7, 81, 298, 300, 301, 342

375

Macdonald, Frances 13
Macdonald, Murdoch 34
MacNair, Herbert 15
Manchester:
office complex, Piccadilly (1955) 342
United Manchester Hospitals, master
plan (196570) 3067, 308, 347
Manchester Art Gallery Competition 26,
27, 332
Marcus, F.L. 115
Marcus, Riehm 115
Margaret Pyke Centre, London 345
Margate Station 25, 25, 26, 332
Mark Hall North, Harlow, Essex 128, 129,
130
Market Deeping schools project,
Lincolnshire 77
MARS (Modern Architectural Research)
group 1, 9, 29, 31, 38, 49, 50, 62, 68,
69, 845, 89, 113, 116, 124, 2778,
315, 325, 333
Turn Again exhibition 28697, 287
Exhibition of 1938, New Burlington
Galleries 867, 88, 89, 336
Plan of London 116
Martin, Leslie 68, 121, 290
Mashhad development plan, Iran 263,
344
mass production 512, 118, 310
Mauritius 305, 314, 348
Maw, Frederick Graham 66

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Mount, Paul 296

Muirhead, William 34
Mumford, Lewis 21
murals 7, 81, 83, 84, 86, 87, 131, 137, 194,
266, 283, 287, 294, 299300, 300,
306, 328
Avinash Chandra 294, 295
Hans Feibusch 545, 70, 71, 119, 148,
335
Pilkington Glass Headquarters 294, 295
Museum, Pilkington Brothers
Headquarters 297, 297
Myerscough-Walker, Raymond 79
Myerscough-Walker, Rodney 336
Nash, John 23
National Plan, RIBA (1943) 122
Nehru, Indira 234
Nehru, Jawaharlal 217, 220, 233, 234,
235, 242, 255, 257, 258, 327
Neighbourhood Units 116, 199, 200, 201
and Chandigarh 2246, 225, 226, 227,
2289, 229
neo-avant-gardes 279, 282
New Architecture and the Bauhaus, The
(Gropius) 689
New Brutalism 8
New Frankfurt 32, 51
New Homes for Old exhibition, 1934 84
New Towns 1268, 129, 1301, 289
India 21618
New Universities 292
New York:
Frys placement in 1618, 17, 331
Regional Plan 21, 22, 116, 332
Nicholson, (Edward) Max 34
Nicholson, Ben 34, 121, 137
Nicholson, Christopher 84, 119
Nigeria 149, 155, 264
see also Ibadan University
Niven, Barclay 35
Nkrumah, Kwame 163, 165, 197, 198
Noad, Richard 119
Norman and Dawbarn 127
North-East Kent regional planning
scheme 333
Nowicki, Matthew (19101950) 217
nursery facilities:
Chandigarh 243, 244
Kensal House 57, 60

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Mawson, Thomas 14
Mawuli School, Ho, Togo (1953) 341
May, Ernst 32, 51, 55, 199200, 200
Mayer, Albert (18971981) 209, 217,
21718, 219, 229, 233
McGrath, Raymond 33, 82, 84
McKim, Mead and White 16
McNair, Herbert 13
Mellanby, Kenneth 1845, 186, 186, 187,
191, 216
Mendelsohn, Eric 73
Mfantsipim School, Cape Coast, Ghana
(1947) 163, 164, 192, 193, 340
MI6 148
Milan Triennale (1959) 288, 289, 343
Mill Owners Association building,
Ahmedabad 196
Miller, Bernard 15
Mills, Edward 67
Milne-Wilson, David 56
Milne, Oswald 66
Mining and Chemical Products Co.,
Berkshire 342
Miramonte, Kingston, Surrey (1936) 69,
70, 71, 72, 73, 335
mirrors 294, 296
MIT, Boston, Drews visiting professorship
at 305, 315, 345
model community centre, British Pavilion,
World Fair, New York (1939) 87, 337
Model Secondary School, Chandigarh
243, 244
Modern Architectural Research (MARS)
Group
see MARS Group
modern Orientalists 1556, 157, 1589
Modernism 4, 60, 75, 124, 3234
and Fry 4, 910, 317, 35, 3940, 51,
3234
Moholy-Nagy, Lazlo 69, 846, 131, 336
Moore, Henry 34, 53, 148, 290
Morgan, Guy 25
Morris, Henry (18891961) 75, 77, 87, 90,
278, 2889
Morris, William 12, 89
Morrison, Herbert (18881965) 131
Mortimer Gall Electrical Centre (1937)
336
mosaics 172, 194, 195, 2667, 294, 306
Moser, Werner M. 216
Motor City (Cidade dos Motores), Brazil
1278, 131

ORorke, Brian 84

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Pace, George 314

Pahlavi University, Iran (1964) 346
Paimio Sanatorium 79
Pam, Edgar 79
pantomimes, AA 106, 106
Paolozzi, Eduardo 137, 2823, 283, 284,
285, 287
Papworth Tuberculosis Colony School,
Cambridgeshire (193537) 335
Paris 116
Pasmore, Victor 137, 287, 294, 295
Passfields, Lewisham, London 123,
1234, 125, 130, 283, 324, 340
Paterson Simons & Co, Accra, Ghana
(1962) 345
Payne, Edward 39, 56, 107, 108, 184
Peach, Henry 32
Penn, Colin 50
PEP (Political and Economic Planning)
Club 9, 31, 34, 36, 37, 49, 50, 89, 131
Peskett, Eric 300, 301
Petaling Jaya, Malaysia, federal
government offices 344
Petsamo, Finland 79
Pevsner, Nikolaus 52, 121
photo-murals 84, 86

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Physical Training and Recreation Act

(1937) 193
Pick, Frank 32, 35, 36, 52, 62, 68, 131
Pidgeon, Monica 121, 287
Pilkington Brothers Headquarters, St.
Helens, Lancashire (195565) 290,
291, 292, 2924, 293, 294, 295, 2958,
296, 303, 328, 343
planning permission, and modern
buildings 601
Pleydell-Bouverie, David 50, 333
Poole Pottery 34
Pop Art 282
Port Sunlight 14
Portland Place (RIBA Headquarters
building) 38, 39, 39, 108
Portland Stone 38
post-war reconstruction 120, 1214, 123,
125, 1268, 129, 1301
practice management 56, 7, 326
prairie planning 130
Prempeh College, Kumasi, Ghana 168,
170, 171, 174, 174, 326, 341
Presbyterian Teacher Training College,
Amedzofe, Ghana (1953) 341
Princes Park, Liverpool 12, 64
Pritchard, Fleetwood Craven 66
Pritchard, John Craven Jack (18991992)
10, 31, 33, 34, 367, 38, 40, 50, 62, 63,
64, 66, 75, 289, 334
Pritchard, Molly 62, 63
production costs, and standardisation 512
proportion 288
Proskauer, Albrecht 66, 74
prototype houses 205, 231, 231, 232
Public Works Department (PWD) 6, 328
India 221, 257, 258, 259
West Africa 153, 156, 159, 161, 163,
175, 185, 186, 187, 327
Putney Hospital, London (1937) 108, 336

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Odeon Cinema, Surbiton, London (1934)

108, 109
office management 56, 7, 326
Office of Works 201
oil industry work 2604, 261, 264, 266,
267
Okene Secondary Modern school, Nigeria
(1960) 344
Old Brightonians R.F.C. Pavilion (1937)
336
open air school movement 243, 245
Open University, Milton Keynes (1969
77) 305, 314, 347
open-compound housing 202, 203, 204
Opuku Ware School, Kumasi, Ghana 174,
174, 341
organicism 282, 288
Oriental Bombay building, Mumbai 263
Oriental Insurance Building, Calcutta,
India (195458) 342
Orientalists, modern 1556, 157, 1589
outdoor teaching 243, 245
Ove Arup and Partners 285
see also Arup, Ove
Owen, Geoffrey 18, 26

377

Queensborough Bridge, New York 17, 17

R.E. Sassoon House, Peckham, London
(193334) 536, 54, 55, 69, 80, 333
Ramsgate Station 25, 332
Rathbone, Llewelyn 13
Raymond, Antonin 239, 241
Read, Herbert 62, 69, 90, 115, 120, 278,
283, 289, 290
Rebuilding Britain exhibition (1943)
11516, 148

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Rosia Bay development, Gibraltar (1965)

346
Roth, Emery 16
Royal College of Art 294
Royal Engineers, Frys service in 1478,
337
Royal Society of Arts 132
Rudolph, Paul 305
rural areas, education 756, 76
Ruskin, John 12, 89
Russell Institute 32
Russell, Gordon 52, 297
Said, Edward 156, 159
Salk Institute (195966) 305
Samuel, Godfrey 86
Samuely, Felix 116
Sandon Studios Society 1516
Sandy Bay holiday apartments, Gibraltar
(196?) 346
sanitation:
India 223, 233
West Africa 153, 155, 156, 158, 208
Sasaki, Hideo 298
Sassoon House
see R.E. Sassoon House
Sassoon, Mozelle 53
Saunders, Alexander Carr 216
Scaffolding in the Sky (Reilly) 32
Scandinavia, Drews visit to 105
Scarfe, Laurence 119
School for Mauritian, Oriental and African
Studies, Mauritius 348
Schtte-Lihotsky, Grete 51
Scott, Geoffrey 24, 75, 288
Scott, Giles Gilbert 14, 35, 186
Scott, James Robb (18821965) 24
Scott, Kenneth 264
Scott, Leslie 35
sculpture 70, 133, 135, 137, 247, 248, 284,
296, 300, 303, 328
Seagram Building (195458) 292
Second World War:
and colonial policy 150, 151
Frys service in 1478
Secretariat, Chandigarh 250, 251, 251
Sekondi, Ghana 153
Sert J.M. 124, 1278, 131, 279, 298, 305,
306
Shand, P. Morton 33, 50, 63, 69, 333
Sharma, M.N. (1923) 239, 256, 2567
Shaw House, Singapore (1958) 343

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Recent Advances in Town Planning (Adams

Thompson and Fry) 23, 224, 333
Redhouse, Alec 280
Regent Street Polytechnic 68, 89, 333
Regent Street Quadrant 23
regional building materials 323
Regional Planning Association of America
21
Registrar General Building, Mauritius 348
Reilly, Charles Herbert (18741948)
1314, 15, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 23,
32, 36, 39, 60, 67, 68, 120, 147, 148
Report of the Commission on the Higher
Education in the Colonies (Asquith
Report) 183
Residential Units 116
RIBA 37
Building Now exhibition 161
Council 9
Drawings and Archives Collection 2
Gold Medal, awarded to Fry 1, 315,
346
Housing Group 120, 338
National Plan (1943) 122
Public Relations Committee 115, 325
Reconstruction Committee 115, 325
RIBA Headquarters building 389, 39,
108, 333
RIBA Journal 31
Richard Sheppard and Partners 127
Richards Medical Research Laboratories
(195765) 305
Richards, Helga 199, 208
Richards, J.M. 60, 121, 130
Rickards, Edwin A. 28
Ridge End, Virginia Water 2930, 30, 79,
332
Right to Vote Exhibition, London (1978)
349
Riverside Restaurant, Festival of Britain
133, 135, 136, 137, 340
Roberts, Denis 115
Robinson, Denis C. 199
Rodent House, London Zoo 113
Rogers, Ernesto 126
Rolls-Royce Engineering Centre and
Computer Centre, Derby (196465)
303, 30710, 309, 310, 328, 346
Roman, J. Perez 296
Rome Prize, 1923 18, 18, 19, 20, 26, 331
Ronchamp church 314
Rosenberg, Eugene 285

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St. Josephs Teacher Training College,

Ghana 341
St. Michaels College chapel, Landaff 314
St. Monicas school, Mampong,Ghana
(1955) 166, 170, 342
St. Patricks Schools, Nigeria (1959) 343
Stabler, Harold 34
Stamford schools project, Lincolnshire
77
Standard Oil Building, New York 16
standardisation 512, 324
Starrett, Norman 133, 280, 339
Steel House, Harrow (1951) 344, 345
steel structures 32
Stein, Clarence 217
Stephenson, Flora 194
Stevenage 126
Stirling, James 279, 328
Stockdale, Frank 160
Straus, Henry 149
studio design 345
Sudell, Richard (18921968) 111
Sultan Bello Hall, Ibadan University,
Nigeria 189, 191, 192
Summerson, John 113
Sun House, Hampstead, London (1935
36) 6970, 70, 71, 335
Swan and MacLarens 297
Swansea School of Art 314
Swedish Grace 39
Swinton, Lord 149
Sykes Chicks offices 344
symbolism 282, 288

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Shaw, J.B. 280, 339

Shaw, Richard Norman 23
Shaw, Robert 116
Sheffield University:
campus (1953) 303, 341
development plan (1960s) 344
Shell Oil Company offices, Singapore
(1959) 266, 297, 343
Shepheard, Peter 126, 177n39, 215
Shepperton Film Studios (1936) 335
Shipley, Ivor 344
Shiraz University, Iran 263
Shreve, Richmond 16
Sickert, Walter 15
Siemensstadt housing, Berlin, Germany
55
Sierra Leone 153, 183, 339
Simon, A.P. 64
Simpson, Fred 13, 15
Simpson, Jennifer 294
Sir Aston Webb & Son 184
Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam National
Hospital, Mauritius (1969) 347
Sise, Hazen 66, 67, 84, 27980, 333
Site Planning in Practice (Thompson) 21
Sittingbourne Village Club House, Kent
30, 332
Skidmore, Owings and Merrill 2923, 298
skyscrapers, New York 1617, 17
Smith, F. Halliburton 108, 336
Smithson, Alison and Peter 9, 2778, 279,
328
Somanya School, Ghana 166, 168
South East Sussex regional planning
scheme 333
Southern Railways 246, 25, 26, 331
Span housing 310
Speakman, Ethel
see Fry, Ethel
Speight, Sadie 68
Spence, Basil 290
Spender, Humphrey 106, 294, 296
Spring Exhibition (1922) 1415
St George in the East church, Stepney,
London (171429) 105
St Georges Hospital, London (1938) 108,
337
St. Andrews College, Mampong, Ghana
(1948) 1656, 166, 340, 342
St. Francis College, Ho Hoe, Togoland 339
St. Giless Mount, Winchester 11112,
112, 337

379

Tait, Gordon 108

Takoradi, Ghana 153
Tanys Dell 128, 340
Tapper, Michael 56
Tarkwa Community Centre, Ghana 194,
196, 1967, 341
Tatton Brown, William 68, 116
Taut, Bruno 4, 328
teacher training colleges:
Ghana 162, 163, 166, 169, 341
Nigeria 288, 343
Tecton partnership 124, 281
Tema Manhean 197202, 199, 201, 203,
2045, 2068, 2089, 258, 262
Tema, Ghana, high grade house (1955)
342
Temple Scheme, Abu Simbel, Egypt
(1962) 345

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380 The Architecture of Edwin Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew

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Ummaidieh, Iran, town plan (1954) 341

Unitarianism, Frys upbringing in 11, 14
Unit dHabitation (194752), Marseilles
278
United Africa Company (UAC) 189, 189,
192, 194
United Manchester Hospitals, master
plan (196570) 3067, 308, 347

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United Nations Housing Mission to

South-East Asia 216
University College of the West Indies
(UCWI) 185, 187
Unwin, Raymond 22, 29, 35, 378
Usk Street Housing Estate, Bethnal Green,
London (195558) 342
Uxbridge Bricks exhibition stand (1938)
337
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van der Rohe, Mies 4, 292, 328

van Eesteren, C. 126
Varma, P.L. 215, 217, 219, 2212
Vaughan, Reginald 67
Venesta Exhibition Stand 37, 333
Verlade, Francis X. 15
Veterinary Science Building, Liverpool
University (195560) 7, 81, 298, 300,
301, 342
Villa Savoye 304
Village College Movement 75
Village Housing in the Tropics (Fry and
Drew) 3, 15960, 160, 204, 205, 239,
327, 339
Ville Radieuse 116
Volta River project 1978, 201, 209

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Tennessee Valley Authority Project 117,

149, 197
Terry, John 115
Tetlow, John Dawe 150, 177n41
textiles 2845
Thapar, P.N. 215, 217, 219
Thearle, Herbert 15
Thomas, Rodney 25, 115, 135
Thompson, Francis Longstreth 10, 21, 29,
31, 35, 66
see also Adams and Thompson;
Adams, Thompson and Fry
Thorndike, Sybil 16
Thornley, Michael 108
timber-framed buildings, Wood House
734, 74
Todd, J.C. 133
Torbay Hospital, Devon (196170) 278,
306, 307, 314, 345, 347
Town and Country Planning Act, 1919 20
town planning 20, 36, 37, 116
colonial 1501
Drews training in 11617
West Africa 151, 152, 1535, 154
Town Planning Associates 128
Town Planning Review 234
Trenchard Hall, Ibadan University, Nigeria
189, 189
Tropical Architecture 67, 2045, 259,
263, 305, 3278
Tropical Architecture in the Dry and Humid
Zone (Fry and Drew) 266, 305
Tropical Architecture in the Humid Zone
(Fry and Drew) 204, 206, 2667, 327
Tropical Modernism 160
Trowndrow, Frederick 38, 39, 68
Tubbs, Ralph 67, 68, 90, 122
Tudor Walters Committee, 1919 20
Tunnard, Christopher 116
Twentieth Century Group 50
Tyrwhitt, Jacqueline 117, 124, 126, 130,
216, 225, 279, 290, 305

Waddington, Conrad Hal 77, 121

wallpapers 284
Walton Yacht Works, Walton-on-Thames
(1940) 115, 337
War Office, Frys service in 1478, 337
Warham Ash, Herefordshire (1938) 79,
79, 336
Waterloo Bridge Entrance, Festival of
Britain 133, 134, 135, 340
Wates 310, 311
headquarters building, Norbury,
London (1963) 303, 303, 345
Watford Urban District Council 61
Week-end Review 34
Welwyn Garden City Development
Corporation 289
Wesley Girls School, Cape Coast, Ghana
(1955) 172, 173, 342
West Africa Building Research Institute
205
West Africa, Fry and Drews work in 3,
67, 116, 117, 120, 14775
community centres 1934, 195, 196,
1967

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Wittkower, Rudolf 288, 289

women architects 1012, 107, 117, 325
Womens College, Chandigarh 247, 247
Womens Teacher Training College, Kano,
Nigeria 343
Wood House, Shipbourne, Kent 723,
734, 74, 335
Wood, Christopher (19011930) 16
Woodsford Square, London (1966) 311,
313, 347
working class housing 12, 20, 37, 51,
536, 54, 55, 107
Kemsley Village, Kent 213, 30, 52,
331
Wornum, Giles Grey 39, 56, 107, 108, 184,
334
Wotton, Henry 87
Wright, Edward 287
Wudil Teacher Training College, Nigeria
(1958) 288, 343
Wynne, David 303, 345
Wynyard, Diana 104

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Ghana schools projects 1623, 163,

164, 165, 1656, 166, 167, 168, 168,
16971, 1725, 173, 174
Ibadan University, Nigeria 5, 1837,
186, 187, 188, 189, 189, 1901, 192,
1923
Tema Manhean 197202, 199, 201, 203,
2045, 2068, 2089
West Indies, architecture 160, 172, 175,
328
University College of the West Indies
(UCWI) 185, 187
Westminster Electric Supply Corporation
33, 823, 83, 84
Weymouth Street (RIBA Headquarters
building) 38, 39, 39, 108
White House Rural College, West Sussex
344
White Lodge, Bagshott, Surrey 335
Whitefoot Lane, Bromley, Kent (1953)
283, 341
Whittlesey, Julian 217
Wiener, Paul Lester 128
Wilde, Oscar 15
Williams-Ellis, Amabel 62
Williams-Ellis, Clough 33, 34, 36, 64, 116
Williams, Captain 113
Williams, Owen 35
Wilson Mason and Partners 148, 260
Windsor, Ontario 29

381

Yorke, F.R.S. 50, 119, 215, 285

Young, Andrew 261
YRM 127
Yundum International Airport, Gambia
(197077) 348
Zimmerman, Claire 279