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Time Scope Measurements - MATLAB & Simulink Example - MathWorks India

This document summarizes time scope measurements that can be performed on a pulse width modulated sinusoidal signal, including rise time, fall time, overshoot, undershoot, pulse width, pulse period, and duty cycle. It describes using triggers to stabilize noisy signals, and measurements of transitions, overshoot/undershoot, pulse cycles, peak finding, cursor measurements, and signal statistics. Modifying parameters like noise level and filter coefficients affects the signal characteristics.

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Pasupuleti Sivakumar
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109 views8 pages

Time Scope Measurements - MATLAB & Simulink Example - MathWorks India

This document summarizes time scope measurements that can be performed on a pulse width modulated sinusoidal signal, including rise time, fall time, overshoot, undershoot, pulse width, pulse period, and duty cycle. It describes using triggers to stabilize noisy signals, and measurements of transitions, overshoot/undershoot, pulse cycles, peak finding, cursor measurements, and signal statistics. Modifying parameters like noise level and filter coefficients affects the signal characteristics.

Uploaded by

Pasupuleti Sivakumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TimeScopeMeasurements

Thisexampleshowshowtomeasureperformancecharacteristicsofapulsewidthmodulated
OpenThisExample
sinusoid.Theexamplecontainsamodelwhichyoucanmodifytoviewtheeffectsofparameter
changesonrisetime,falltime,overshoot,undershoot,pulsewidth,pulseperiod,anddutycycle
measurements.Theexamplealsoshowsanexampleofarisingedgetriggerandissetuptoperformbasicstatistical
operations(mean,median,RMS,maximum,minimum)andmeasurethefrequencyandperiodofthepulseperiodvia
cursorsandpeakfinding.
Theexamplemodelcontainsseveralmeasurementsandtheircorrespondingsetups.

Triggers
Thefirstsectionshowshowtouseatriggertostabilizeanoisysinusoidinthedisplay.Youcanseehowthesinusoid
isconstructedbydoubleclickingontheNoisySinusoidblock.

ThesinusoidalsignalisfedintoaTimeScopeblockwithtriggersenabled.

Youcanexperimentwiththetriggerpositionbydraggingthemarkersaroundthedisplay.Youcantriggeruponrisingor
fallingedges.Thisexampleincludes0.1Vofhysteresistohelpstabilizethesinusoidinthepresenceofnoise.The
hysteresisensuresthatthesignaltraversesatleast0.1Vbelowthetriggerlevelbeforeregisteringapositivegoing
transition.
Ifyouclosethetriggers,youwillseethatthesinusoidnolongerstaysfixedinthescreen.Youcanbringthetriggers
backbyclickingonthetriggericon.

MeasurementsofaPulseWidthModulatedSource
Inthisexample,apulsewidthmodulatedsourceisconnectedtoseveraltimescopesthatcontainmeasurements.
Youcanviewthesourcebyclickingonit:

Themodelconstructssinusoidalpulsewidthmodulationbyapplyingabiastothedesiredsinewaveandsubsequently
subtractingaperiodicsawtoothwave.Theresultingwaveformisthenfedintoacomparatortoformtheshapeofthe
pulse.Noiseisthenaddedtothesignalandthensenttoafilterwithanunderdampedresponse.

YoucanmodifytheamountofadditivenoiseontheinputbyclickingontheRandomSourceandmodifyingthe
varianceoftheGaussiandistribution.
Youcansimilarlymodifytheresponseofthefilterbychangingitscoefficients.

Transitions
YoucanviewsomebasicinformationabouttherisingandfallingtransitionsofthewaveformbyviewingtheTransitions
paneloftheBilevelMeasurementsdialog.

Viewingtheresults,youcanseethatthepulsehasahighvoltagelevelof+1Vandalowvoltagelevelof1V.
Theexampleabovecapturestworising(positive)edgesandtwofalling(negative)edgeswithrisetimesandfalltimes
ofaround340ns.Ifyouzoomintojustoneedgeofthewaveformyoucanseethemeasurementsforjustthatedge.
Notethattheedgesofthepulsesarefairlysteep,havingaslewrateofabout4V/us.Anunderdampenedfilterwas
usedtoachievethisrate.Changingthefiltertobeoverdampedwoulddecreasetherateatwhichtheedgeofeach
pulsecouldtransitionbetweenpulselevels.Theoutputofanunderdampenedfilterexhibitssignificantringing
immediatelyafterchangingbetweenlowandhighstates.Toquantifythisringingbehavior,youcanusethe
measurementsintheOvershoots/Undershootspanel.

OvershootandUndershoot
TheBilevelMeasurementsdialogalsocontainsmeasurementsthatrelatetoanunderdampedenvironment.Youcan
viewthetransitionaberrationsbyopeningtheOvershoots/Undershootspanel:

Theaverageovershootoftherisingedgesisabout42%.Theundershootis34%.Largeovershootscansometimes
damagelogicdeviceswhicharedesignedtoacceptonlyasmallvoltagerange.Largeundershootscancausedevices
todetectincorrectlogicstates.Inthisexamplethetransitionssettleonaveragewithin7.3microseconds.
Youcanreducetheamountofringingbyexperimentingwiththefiltercoefficientsattheoutputofthemodulated
source.

PulseCycles
YoucanalsoviewhowthepulsewidthanddutycyclevaryasfunctionsoftimebyopeningtheCyclespanelinthe
BilevelMeasurementsdialog:

Thisexampleshowsthreepositivepolaritypulsesbutonlytwonegativepolaritypulses.Thepulsefrequencyis10
kHz.Youcanobservetheencodedsinusoidbywatchinghowthedutycycleandpulsewidthchangeovertime.

PeakFinder
Alternatively,youcanmeasuretheamplitudesandthetimesofsignificantpeaksbyinvokingthePeakFinderdialog.

Thevoltageatthetipofeachovershootisabout1.8Vandthenextlargestringingcomponentofthefirstpulseisat
1.14V.
Expandthesettingspaneltochangethenumberofpeaksshown.Youcanalsofilterbasedonheightordistance
betweenpeaks.Youcanalsochangethetextannotationshowninthedisplay.

CursorMeasurements
Youcanmeasuretherelativedistancesbetweeneventsofthewaveformbyusingcursormeasurements.Herethe
cursorsareatthestartofeachpulseandconfirmthatthepulseperiodis10kHz.

Experimentwiththesettingstomovethecursorsanywhereonthescreenormeasurethelocationsofothersignals.
Youcanmovethecursorswiththearrowkeysandalsosnapthemtoeitherthenearestdatapointorscreenpixel.

SignalStatistics
YoucanviewbasicsignalstatisticsofthecapturedwavewiththeSignalsStatisticsmeasurementdialog.

Youcanobservetheminimumandmaximumvaluesofthedisplayedsignalandothersignalmetrics,suchasthe
peaktopeak,mean,median,andRMSvalues.

References

IEEEStd.1812003IEEEStandardonTransitions,Pulse,andRelatedWaveforms

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