LM 27313
LM 27313
LM 27313
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LM27313/LM27313-Q1
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FEATURES
DESCRIPTION
APPLICATIONS
U1
VIN
SHDN
R3
51k
C1
2.2 PF
R1/117k
FB
SHDN
GND
R2
13.3k
VIN
R3
51k
C1
2.2 PF
U1
C2
4.7 PF
SW
R1/205k
LM27313
SHDN
GND
CF
220 pF
12V
OUT
260 mA
(TYP)
D1
MBR0530
L1/10 PH
5 VIN
GND
SW
LM27313
GND
SHDN
D1
MBR0520
L1/10 PH
5 VIN
FB
R2
13.3k
CF
120 pF
20V
OUT
130 mA
(TYP)
C2
4.7 PF
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
LM27313
SNVS487D DECEMBER 2006 REVISED APRIL 2013
www.ti.com
Connection Diagram
Name
SW
GND
FB
SHDN
VIN
Function
Drain of the internal FET switch.
Analog and power ground.
Feedback point that connects to external resistive divider to set VOUT.
Shutdown control input. Connect to VIN if this feature is not used.
Analog and power input.
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
300C
Internally Limited
FB Pin Voltage
0.4V to +6V
SW Pin Voltage
0.4V to +30V
0.4V to +14.5V
(4)
(4)
(Survival)
Human Body Model
0.4V to +14.5V
2 kV
Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for
which the device is to be functional, but does not ensure specific limits. For ensured specifications and conditions see the Electrical
Characteristic table.
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and
specifications.
The maximum power dissipation which can be safely dissipated for any application is a function of the maximum junction temperature,
TJ(MAX) = 125C, the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance for the SOT-23 package, J-A = 265C/W, and the ambient temperature, TA.
The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature for designs using this device can be calculated using the
formula:
If power dissipation exceeds the maximum specified above, the internal thermal protection circuitry will protect the device by reducing
the output voltage as required to maintain a safe junction temperature.
The human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 k resistor into each pin. Test method is per JESD22-A114.
LM27313
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Operating Ratings
VIN
2.7V to 14V
VSW(MAX)
30V
VSHDN
0V to VIN
-40C to 125C
J-A (SOT-23-5)
(1)
265C/W
The maximum power dissipation which can be safely dissipated for any application is a function of the maximum junction temperature,
TJ(MAX) = 125C, the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance for the SOT-23 package, J-A = 265C/W, and the ambient temperature, TA.
The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature for designs using this device can be calculated using the
formula:
If power dissipation exceeds the maximum specified above, the internal thermal protection circuitry will protect the device by reducing
the output voltage as required to maintain a safe junction temperature.
Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified: VIN = 5V, VSHDN = 5V, IL = 0 mA, and TJ = 25C. Limits in standard typeface are for TJ = 25C, and
limits in boldface type apply over the full operating temperature range (40C TJ +125C). Minimum and Maximum limits
are ensured through test, design, or statistical correlation. Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm at TJ =
25C, and are provided for reference purposes only.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
VIN
Input Voltage
ISW
See (1)
Switch ON Resistance
ISW = 100 mA
RDS(ON)
VSHDN(TH)
ISHDN
Shutdown Threshold
Shutdown Pin Bias Current
Min
2.7
Device ON
0.80
Max
Units
14
650
1.25
500
1.5
Device OFF
VSHDN = 0
VSHDN = 5V
1.230
1.255
VIN = 3V
IFB
VFB = 1.23V
60
2.1
3.0
400
500
0.024
Quiescent Current
1.205
VFB/VIN
fSW
Switching Frequency
DMAX
IL
Switch Leakage
0.50
VFB
IQ
(1)
Typical
1.6
80
88
V
nA
0.02
1.15
mA
A
%/V
1.90
MHz
Switch current limit is dependent on duty cycle. Limits shown are for duty cycles 50%. See Figure 15 in Application Information
MAXIMUM SWITCH CURRENT section.
LM27313
SNVS487D DECEMBER 2006 REVISED APRIL 2013
www.ti.com
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
88.5
88.4
88.3
88.2
88.1
88.0
87.9
87.8
-40
-25
25
50
75
100
125
TEMPERATURE (oC)
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
RDS(ON) vs Temperature
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
LM27313
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Figure 8.
Figure 9.
100
90
90
VIN = 10V
VIN = 5V
70
VIN = 3.3V
60
50
40
30
50
40
30
10
10
0
200
400
800
600
1000
VIN = 3.3V
60
20
VIN = 5V
70
20
VIN = 10V
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
100
200
300 400
500
600 700
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Efficiency vs Load Current (VOUT = 25V)
100
90
VIN = 10V
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
70
VIN = 5V
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
50
Figure 12.
LM27313
SNVS487D DECEMBER 2006 REVISED APRIL 2013
www.ti.com
Block Diagram
Theory of Operation
The LM27313 is a switching converter IC that operates at a fixed frequency of 1.6 MHz using current-mode
control for fast transient response over a wide input voltage range and incorporate pulse-by-pulse current limiting
protection. Because this is current mode control, a 50 m sense resistor in series with the switch FET is used to
provide a voltage (which is proportional to the FET current) to both the input of the pulse width modulation
(PWM) comparator and the current limit amplifier.
At the beginning of each cycle, the S-R latch turns on the FET. As the current through the FET increases, a
voltage (proportional to this current) is summed with the ramp coming from the ramp generator and then fed into
the input of the PWM comparator. When this voltage exceeds the voltage on the other input (coming from the
Gm amplifier), the latch resets and turns the FET off. Since the signal coming from the Gm amplifier is derived
from the feedback (which samples the voltage at the output), the action of the PWM comparator constantly sets
the correct peak current through the FET to keep the output voltage in regulation.
Q1 and Q2 along with R3 - R6 form a bandgap voltage reference used by the IC to hold the output in regulation.
The currents flowing through Q1 and Q2 will be equal, and the feedback loop will adjust the regulated output to
maintain this. Because of this, the regulated output is always maintained at a voltage level equal to the voltage at
the FB node "multiplied up" by the ratio of the output resistive divider.
The current limit comparator feeds directly into the flip-flop, that drives the switch FET. If the FET current reaches
the limit threshold, the FET is turned off and the cycle terminated until the next clock pulse. The current limit
input terminates the pulse regardless of the status of the output of the PWM comparator.
LM27313
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APPLICATION INFORMATION
SELECTING THE EXTERNAL CAPACITORS
The LM27313 requires ceramic capacitors at the input and output to accommodate the peak switching currents
the part needs to operate. Electrolytic capacitors have resonant frequencies which are below the switching
frequency of the device, and therefore can not provide the currents needed to operate. Electrolytics may be used
in parallel with the ceramics for bulk charge storage which will improve transient response.
When selecting a ceramic capacitor, only X5R and X7R dielectric types should be used. Other types such as
Z5U and Y5F have such severe loss of capacitance due to effects of temperature variation and applied voltage,
they may provide as little as 20% of rated capacitance in many typical applications. Always consult capacitor
manufacturers data curves before selecting a capacitor. High-quality ceramic capacitors can be obtained from
Taiyo-Yuden, AVX, and Murata.
FEED-FORWARD COMPENSATION
Although internally compensated, the feed-forward capacitor Cf is required for stability (see Typical Application
Circuits). Adding this capacitor puts a zero in the loop response of the converter. Without it, the regulator loop
can oscillate. The recommended frequency for the zero fz should be approximately 8 kHz. Cf can be calculated
using the formula:
Cf = 1 / (2 x x R1 x fz)
(1)
SELECTING DIODES
The external diode used in the typical application should be a Schottky diode. If the switch voltage is less than
15V, a 20V diode such as the MBR0520 is recommended. If the switch voltage is between 15V and 25V, a 30V
diode such as the MBR0530 is recommended. If the switch voltage exceeds 25V, a 40V diode such as the
MBR0540 should be used.
The MBR05xx series of diodes are designed to handle a maximum average current of 500mA. For applications
with load currents to 800mA, a Microsemi UPS5817 can be used.
LAYOUT HINTS
High frequency switching regulators require very careful layout of components in order to get stable operation
and low noise. All components must be as close as possible to the LM27313 device. It is recommended that a 4layer PCB be used so that internal ground planes are available.
As an example, a recommended layout of components is shown:
LM27313
SNVS487D DECEMBER 2006 REVISED APRIL 2013
www.ti.com
(2)
DUTY CYCLE
The maximum duty cycle of the switching regulator determines the maximum boost ratio of output-to-input
voltage that the converter can attain in continuous mode of operation. The duty cycle for a given boost
application is defined as:
VOUT + VDIODE - VIN
Duty Cycle =
(3)
(4)
LM27313
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INDUCTANCE VALUE
The first question we are usually asked is: How small can I make the inductor? (because they are the largest
sized component and usually the most costly). The answer is not simple and involves trade-offs in performance.
More inductance means less inductor ripple current and less output voltage ripple (for a given size of output
capacitor). More inductance also means more load power can be delivered because the energy stored during
each switching cycle is:
E = L/2 x (lp)2
where
(5)
An important point to observe is that the LM27313 will limit its switch current based on peak current. This means
that since lp(max) is fixed, increasing L will increase the maximum amount of power available to the load.
Conversely, using too little inductance may limit the amount of load current which can be drawn from the output.
Best performance is usually obtained when the converter is operated in continuous mode at the load current
range of interest, typically giving better load regulation and less output ripple. Continuous operation is defined as
not allowing the inductor current to drop to zero during the cycle. It should be noted that all boost converters shift
over to discontinuous operation as the output load is reduced far enough, but a larger inductor stays continuous
over a wider load current range.
To better understand these tradeoffs, a typical application circuit (5V to 12V boost with a 10 H inductor) will be
analyzed.
Since the LM27313 typical switching frequency is 1.6 MHz, the typical period is equal to 1/fSW(TYP), or
approximately 0.625 s.
We will assume: VIN = 5V, VOUT = 12V, VDIODE = 0.5V, VSW = 0.5V. The duty cycle is:
Duty Cycle = ((12V + 0.5V - 5V) / (12V + 0.5V - 0.5V)) = 62.5%
(6)
(7)
It should be noted that when the switch is ON, the voltage across the inductor is approximately 4.5V.
Using the equation:
V = L (di/dt)
(8)
We can then calculate the di/dt rate of the inductor which is found to be 0.45 A/s during the ON time. Using
these facts, we can then show what the inductor current will look like during operation:
LM27313
SNVS487D DECEMBER 2006 REVISED APRIL 2013
www.ti.com
1600
1400
1200
1000
VIN = 5V
VIN = 3.3V
800
600
VIN = 2.7V
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
where
(9)
(10)
Inductor ripple current is dependent on inductance, duty cycle, input voltage and frequency:
IRIPPLE = DC x (VIN - VSW) / (fSW x L)
(11)
Combining all terms, we can develop an expression which allows the maximum available load current to be
calculated:
ILOAD(max) = (1 - DC) x (ISW(max) - DC (VIN - VSW))
2fL
(12)
The equation shown to calculate maximum load current takes into account the losses in the inductor or turn-OFF
switching losses of the FET and diode. For actual load current in typical applications, we took bench data for
various input and output voltages and displayed the maximum load current available for a typical device in graph
form:
10
LM27313
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THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
At higher duty cycles, the increased ON time of the FET means the maximum output current will be determined
by power dissipation within the LM27313 FET switch. The switch power dissipation from ON-state conduction is
calculated by:
PSW = DC x IIND(AVG)2 x RDS(ON)
(13)
There will be some switching losses as well, so some derating needs to be applied when calculating IC power
dissipation.
MINIMUM INDUCTANCE
In some applications where the maximum load current is relatively small, it may be advantageous to use the
smallest possible inductance value for cost and size savings. The converter will operate in discontinuous mode in
such a case.
The minimum inductance should be selected such that the inductor (switch) current peak on each cycle does not
reach the 800 mA current limit maximum. To understand how to do this, an example will be presented.
In this example, the LM27313 nominal switching frequency is 1.6 MHz, and the minimum switching frequency is
1.15 MHz. This means the maximum cycle period is the reciprocal of the minimum frequency:
TON(max) = 1/1.15M = 0.870 s
(14)
We will assume: VIN = 5V, VOUT = 12V, VSW = 0.2V, and VDIODE = 0.3V. The duty cycle is:
Duty Cycle = ((12V + 0.3V - 5V) / (12V + 0.3V - 0.2V)) = 60.3%
(15)
(16)
An inductor should be selected with enough inductance to prevent the switch current from reaching 800 mA in
the 0.524 s ON time interval (see Figure 17):
Submit Documentation Feedback
11
LM27313
SNVS487D DECEMBER 2006 REVISED APRIL 2013
www.ti.com
(17)
(18)
In this case, a 3.3 H inductor could be used, assuming it provided at least that much inductance up to the 800
mA current value. This same analysis can be used to find the minimum inductance for any boost application.
INDUCTOR SUPPLIERS
Some of the recommended suppliers of inductors for this product include, but are not limited to, Sumida,
Coilcraft, Panasonic, TDK and Murata. When selecting an inductor, make certain that the continuous current
rating is high enough to avoid saturation at peak currents. A suitable core type must be used to minimize core
(switching) losses, and wire power losses must be considered when selecting the current rating.
12
LM27313
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REVISION HISTORY
Changes from Revision C (April 2013) to Revision D
Page
13
www.ti.com
11-Apr-2013
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
(2)
Op Temp (C)
Top-Side Markings
(3)
(4)
LM27313XMF/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-23
DBV
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
SRPB
LM27313XMFX
ACTIVE
SOT-23
DBV
3000
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
SRPB
LM27313XMFX/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-23
DBV
3000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
SRPB
LM27313XQMF/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-23
DBV
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
SD3B
LM27313XQMFX/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-23
DBV
3000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
SD3B
(1)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
(4)
Multiple Top-Side Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Top-Side Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a
continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Top-Side Marking for that device.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
Addendum-Page 1
Samples
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11-Apr-2013
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF LM27313, LM27313-Q1 :
Catalog: LM27313
Automotive: LM27313-Q1
NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions:
Addendum-Page 2
8-Apr-2013
Device
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
Diameter Width (mm)
(mm) W1 (mm)
LM27313XMF/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
1000
178.0
8.4
B0
(mm)
K0
(mm)
P1
(mm)
W
Pin1
(mm) Quadrant
3.2
3.2
1.4
4.0
8.0
Q3
LM27313XMFX
SOT-23
DBV
3000
178.0
8.4
3.2
3.2
1.4
4.0
8.0
Q3
LM27313XMFX/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
3000
178.0
8.4
3.2
3.2
1.4
4.0
8.0
Q3
LM27313XQMF/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
1000
178.0
8.4
3.2
3.2
1.4
4.0
8.0
Q3
LM27313XQMFX/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
3000
178.0
8.4
3.2
3.2
1.4
4.0
8.0
Q3
Pack Materials-Page 1
8-Apr-2013
Device
Package Type
Package Drawing
Pins
SPQ
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
LM27313XMF/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
1000
210.0
185.0
35.0
LM27313XMFX
SOT-23
DBV
3000
210.0
185.0
35.0
LM27313XMFX/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
3000
210.0
185.0
35.0
LM27313XQMF/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
1000
210.0
185.0
35.0
LM27313XQMFX/NOPB
SOT-23
DBV
3000
210.0
185.0
35.0
Pack Materials-Page 2
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