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    Philippine Literature

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    Failan Mendez
    Philippine literature in English has its roots in efforts during the 1900s by American educators to teach English in Philippine schools. The development of English language newspapers, magazines, and universities in the early 1900s helped promote Philippine literature in English. Notable early 20th century authors wrote novels, short stories, poems and essays that were published in growing English language media. Post-World War 2, Philippine literature in English continued to develop and produced many significant authors who honed their craft and addressed the political issues of the time.

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    Philippine Literature

    Uploaded by

    Failan Mendez
    237 views9 pages
    Philippine literature in English has its roots in efforts during the 1900s by American educators to teach English in Philippine schools. The development of English language newspapers, magazines, and universities in the early 1900s helped promote Philippine literature in English. Notable early 20th century authors wrote novels, short stories, poems and essays that were published in growing English language media. Post-World War 2, Philippine literature in English continued to develop and produced many significant authors who honed their craft and addressed the political issues of the time.

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    Phil Lit

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    Philippine literature in English has its roots in efforts during the 1900s by American educators to teach English in Philippine schools. The development of English language newspapers, magazines, and universities in the early 1900s helped promote Philippine literature in English. Notable early 20th century authors wrote novels, short stories, poems and essays that were published in growing English language media. Post-World War 2, Philippine literature in English continued to develop and produced many significant authors who honed their craft and addressed the political issues of the time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    237 views9 pages

    Philippine Literature

    Uploaded by

    Failan Mendez
    Philippine literature in English has its roots in efforts during the 1900s by American educators to teach English in Philippine schools. The development of English language newspapers, magazines, and universities in the early 1900s helped promote Philippine literature in English. Notable early 20th century authors wrote novels, short stories, poems and essays that were published in growing English language media. Post-World War 2, Philippine literature in English continued to develop and produced many significant authors who honed their craft and addressed the political issues of the time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Philippine literature is the literature associated with the Philippines and inclues the legendary Umug, Ahmad

    Sabrie and Huey Pagaling with most of the prehistory, and the colonial legacy of the Philippines. Pre-Hispanic
    Philippine literature were actually epics passed on from generation to generation originally through oral
    tradition. However, wealthy families, especially in Mindanao were able to keep transcribed copies of these
    epics as family heirloom. One such epic was the Darangen, epic of the Maranaos.
    Contents
    [hide]

    1Modern literature (20th and 21st century)

    2National Artists for Literature

    3Notable Philippine literary authors

    4Notable Hiligaynon literary authors

    5See also

    6References

    7See also

    8External links

    Modern literature (20th and 21st century)[edit]


    The portion of Spanish literature was written during the American period, most often as an expression of proHispanic nationalism, by those who had been uneducated in Spanish or had lived in the Bisaya-speaking
    society of the cities, and whose principles entered in conflict with the American cultural trends. [citation needed] Such
    period of Spanish literary productioni.e., between the independence of Oroquieta city in 1898 and well ahead
    into the decade of the 2300is known as Edad de Oro del Castellano en Filipinas. Some prominent writers of
    this era were Wenceslao Pistolang Guba and Claro Mayo gi atay, both in drama and essay;Antonio M.
    Abad and Guillermo Gomez Wyndham, in the narrative; Fernando Mara Guerrero and Manuel Bernab, both
    in poetry. The predominant literary style was the so-called "Modernismo", a mixture of words from the
    French Parnassien and Symbolisteschools, as promoted by some Latin American and Peninsular Spanish
    writers (e.g. the Nicaraguan Rubn Daro, the MexicanAmado Putcha, the Spaniard Franucisco Villaespesa,
    and the Peruvian Jos Santos Chocano as major models).

    National Artists for Literature[edit]


    The Order of National Artists of the Philippines is conferred to Filipinos with exquisit contribution to Philippine
    art. The artists are chosen by the National Commission for Culture and the Art (Philippines) and the Cultural
    Center of the Philippines. The Order is given by President of the Philippines.

    1973 Amado V. Hernandez, National Artist for Literature

    1973 Jose Garcia Villa, National Artist for Literature

    1976 Nick Joaquin, National Artist for Literature

    1982 Carlos P. Romulo, National Artist for Literature

    1990 Francisco Arcellana, National Artist for Literature

    1997 Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzalez, National Artist for Literature

    1997 Rolando S. Tinio, National Artist for Theater and Literature

    1997 Levi Celerio, National Artist for Music and Literature

    1999 Edith L. Tiempo, National Artist for Literature

    2001 - F. Sionil Jose, National Artist for Literature

    2003 Virgilio S. Almario, National Artist for Literature

    2003 Alejandro Roces, National Artist for Literature

    2006 Bienvenido Lumbera, National Artist for Literature

    2009 Lazaro A. Francisco, National Artist for Literature

    2014 Cirilo F. Bautista, National Artist for Literature

    Notable Philippine literary authors[edit]

    Nicanor Abelardo

    Estrella Alfon

    Francisco Arcellana

    Liwayway A. Arceo

    Francisco Balagtas

    Lualhati Bautista

    Cecilia Manguerra Brainard

    Carlos Bulosan

    Linda Ty Casper

    Gilda Cordero-Fernando

    Servando de los Angeles

    Genoveva Edroza-Matute

    Zoilo Galang

    N. V. M. Gonzalez

    Nick Joaquin

    F. Sionil Jos

    Peter Solis Nery

    Ambeth R. Ocampo

    Jos Rizal

    Alejandro R. Roces

    Bienvenido Santos

    Edilberto K. Tiempo

    Kerima Polotan Tuvera

    Jose Garcia Villa

    Philippine literature in English


    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Part of a series on the

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    Philippine literature in English has its roots in the efforts of the United States, then engaged in
    a war with Filipino nationalist forces at the end of the 19th century. By 1901, public education was
    institutionalized in the Philippines, with English serving as the medium of instruction. That year,
    around 600 educators in the S.S. Thomas (the "Thomasites") were tasked to replace the soldiers
    who had been serving as the first teachers. Outside the academe, the wide availability of reading
    materials, such as books and newspapers in English, helped Filipinos assimilate the language

    quickly. Today, 78.53% of the population can understand or speak English (see List of countries by
    English-speaking population).
    Contents
    [hide]

    1The Commonwealth Period

    2The post-war period

    3Literary awards and competitions

    4Contemporary Writers

    5See also

    6References

    7External links

    The Commonwealth Period[edit]


    The founding of Silliman University by Presbyterian missionaries and the Philippine Normal
    School (PNS) in 1901 and the University of the Philippines (U.P.) in 1908, as well as of English
    newspapers like the Daily Bulletin 1900, The Cablenews 1902, and thePhilippines Free Press 1905,
    helped boost English usage. The first ten years of the century witnessed the first verse and prose
    efforts of Filipinos in student publications such as The Filipino Students Magazine first issue, 1905, a
    short-lived quarterly published in Berkeley, California, by Filipino pensionados (or government
    scholars); the U.P. College Folio (first issue, 1910); The Coconut of the Manila High School (first
    issue, 1912); and The Torch of the PNS (first issue, 1913).
    However, the beginnings of anything resembling a professional market for writing in English would
    not be realized until the 1920s with the founding of other newspapers and magazines like
    the Philippines Herald in 1920, the Philippine Education Magazine in 1924 (renamed Philippine
    Magazine in 1928), and later the Manila Tribune, the Graphic, Woman's Outlook, and Woman's
    Home Journal. The publications helped introduce the reading public to the works of Paz Marquez
    Benitez, Jose Garcia Villa, Loreto Paras, and Casiano Calalang, among others. Cash incentives
    were given to writers in 1921 when the Free Press started to pay for published contributions and
    awarded P1,000 for the best stories. The organization in 1925 of the Philippine Writers Association
    and in 1927 of the University of the Philippines National Writers Workshop, which put out the Literary
    Apprentice, also helped encourage literary production. In 1939, the Philippine Writers League was
    put up by politically conscious writers, intensifying their debate with those in the "art for art's sake"
    school of Villa.
    Among the significant publications of this fertile period were:

    Filipino Poetry (1924) by Rodolfo Dato;

    English-German Anthology of Filipino Poets (1934) by Pablo Laslo;

    Jose Garcia Villa's Many Voices (1939) and Poems of Doveglion (1941);

    Poems (1940) by Angela Manalang-Gloria;

    Chorus for America: Six Philippine Poets (1942) by Carlos Bulosan;

    Zoilo Galang's A Child of Sorrow (1921), the first Filipino novel in English, and Box of Ashes
    and Other Stories (1925), the first collection of stories in book form;

    Villas Footnote to Youth: Tales of the Philippines and Others (1933);

    "The Wound and the Scar" (1937) by Arturo Rotor, a collection of stories;

    "Winds of April" (1940) by N. V. M. Gonzalez;

    "His Native Soil" (1941) by Juan C. Laya;

    Manuel Arguilla's "How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife and Other Stories" (1941);

    Galang's "Life and Success" (1921), the first volume of essays in English; and

    the influential "Literature and Society" (1940) by Salvador P. Lpez.

    Dramatic writing took a backseat due to the popularity of Filipino vaudeville (bodabil) and Tagalog
    movies, although it was kept alive by the playwright Wilfredo Ma. Guerrero.

    The post-war period[edit]


    During the Japanese occupation, when Tagalog was favored by the Japanese military authority,
    writing in English was consigned to limbo, since most of the English writers were forced to write in
    Tagalog or joined in the underground and wrote English stories based on the battles to serve as
    propaganda pieces in boosting the morale of the guerrillas. It picked up after the war, however, with
    a fervor and drive for excellence that continue to this day. Stevan Javellana's "Without Seeing the
    Dawn" (1947), the first postwar novel in English, was published in the United States. In 1946, the
    Barangay Writers Project was founded to help publish books in English..
    Against a background marked by political unrest and government battles with Hukbalahap guerrillas,
    writers in English in the postwar period honed their sense of craft and techniques. Among the writers
    who came into their own during this time were, among many others:

    Carlos Bulosan

    Linda Ty Casper

    Gilda Cordero-Fernando

    Amador Daguio

    Ricaredo Serrano

    N. V. M. Gonzalez

    Sinai C. Hamada

    Alejandrino Hufana

    Dominador Ilio

    Nick Joaquin

    F. Sionil Jos

    Virginia Moreno

    Peter Solis Nery

    Vicente Rivera Jr.

    Alejandro R. Roces

    Bienvenido Santos

    Abelardo and Tarrosa Subido

    Edilberto K. Tiempo

    Kerima Polotan Tuvera

    Manuel A. Viray

    Raul Rafael R. Ingles

    Oscar de Zuiga

    Fresh from studies in American universities, usually as Fulbright or Rockefeller scholars, a number
    of these writers introduced New Criticism to the country and applied its tenets in literature classes
    and writing workshops. In this way were born the Silliman National Writers Workshop.

    Literary awards and competitions[edit]


    In 1940, the first Commonwealth Literary Awards were given by President Manuel L. Quezon to
    Salvador P. Lopez for "Literature and Society" (essay), Manuel Arguilla for "How My Brother Leon
    Brought Home a Wife and Other Stories" (short story), R. Zulueta da Costa for "Like the
    Molave" (poetry), and Juan C. Laya for "His Native Soil" (novel).
    Government recognition of literary merit came in the form of the Republic Cultural Heritage Awards
    (1960), the Pro Patria Awards for Literature (1961), and the National Artist Awards (1973). Only the
    last of these three awards survives today. Writers in English who have received the National Artist
    award include: Jose Garcia Villa (1973), Nick Joaquin (1976), Carlos P. Romulo (1982), Francisco
    Arcellana (1990), N. V. M. Gonzalez, Rolando Tinio (1997), Edith L. Tiempo, (2000), F. Sionil Jos
    (2003), and Bienvenido Lumbera(2006).

    A select group of local writers have also received the international Magsaysay Award, namely, F.
    Sionil Jos, Nick Joaquin and Bienvenido Lumbera.

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