A21 Engine

A21 ENGINE
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CHAPTER I ENGINE PARAMETER AND SPECIAL TOOL

I. TECHNICAL DATA DESCRIPTION
ENGINE FEATURE
Engine model
SQR481H
Engine type
Four cylinders, water-cooled, in-line double overhead

camshaft, 16 valves, controllable burning rate (CBR)
and variable valve timing (VVT)
Cylinder diameter (mm)
81
Piston stroke
77.5
Displacement
1.597
Compression ratio
10.5
Rated Power (net power)
87
Revolution at rated power(RPM)
6200
Maximum torque (Nm)
275
Revolution at max. torque (RPM)
4300
Minimum fuel consumption rate
275
II. SPECIAL TOOL:
Camshaft Timing Tool
Crankshaft Timing Tool
Flywheel Tool
Guide Sleeve Of Crankshaft

Oil Seal
Guide Sleeve Of Camshaft Oil

Seal
Hydraulic Hoist
III. ENGINE NUMBER POSITION
Position of Engine Cylinder Block Number
Engine Oil Dipstick
CHAPTER II ENGINE ACCESSORIES

SECTION I ENGINE TIMING CALIBRATION
1.
Dismantle dynamo belt
Use wrench to clamp the tension pulley bolt,

screw it counterclockwise and dismantle the
generator bolt.
2. Dismantle the right engine mounting

bracket
Use small crane to hoist the engine,
dismantle the bolts of right suspension and
lift down the right mounting bracket.
3.
Dismantle crankshaft pulley
Shift the car into the 5th gear, step on the

brake, and dismantle the fixed bolt of
crankshaft pulley.
4.
Dismantle the timing belt cover
Dismantle the upper cover and lower cover of

timing belt respectively.
Upper Cover
Lower Cover
4.
Dismantle timing belt
Exhaust Camshaft Pulley
Loosen the central fixed bolt of tension

pulley of timing belt, dismantle the timing
belt. Meanwhile, loosen the hollow stay bolts
connecting the air intake and exhaust
camshaft pulleys and the camshafts.
Air Intake
Camshaft
Pulley
Idler
Timing Belt
Tension Pulley
Coolant Pump
Belt
Crankshaft Timing
Carry out detailed inspection on various portions of timing belt. If any one shown in the
figure occurs, you should replace with new spare parts.
(1) Chap of back-side rubber
(2) Chap of dedendum, chap of separated cord fabric.
(3) Wearing, gear missing and incomplete gear of cord fabric.
Chap
Wearing
Chap
(4) Abnormal wearing of belt flank.
Gear Missing
Abnormal Wearing
Belt Core Desquamation
Even if no outer damage is confirmed, you should also replace the belt when any of the
following conditions occurs.
(1) If the water in the coolant pump is leaked and more water should be filled continuously.
(2) If the belt is spotted with much oil stains, and the rubber may be damaged due to
expansion, you should replace the belt.
5.
Dismantle the valve chamber cover
Loosen the fixed bolt of valve chamber

cover, and lift down the valve chamber cover.
6.
Camshaft phase alignment

Camshaft Tool
Rotate the camshaft and clamp the camshaft

tool into the eccentric groove of camshaft
sensor signal pulley.
7.
Crankshaft phase alignment
Screw off the bulkhead of cylinder block,

screw the crankshaft tool into it, rotate the
crankshaft until the crankshaft tool
completely clamps the crankshaft. At this
time, the crankshaft cannot rotate clockwise
and counterclockwise.
Crankshaft Tool
8.
Mount and strain the timing belt
Mount the timing belt in the position shown

in the figure, use allen wrench to rotate the
tension pulley in order to strain the belt,
fasten the tension pulley bolt. And fasten the
fixed bolt of air intake and exhaust camshaft
pulleys and the camshafts.
Torque:1205Nm.
9.
Lift down the special timing calibration

tools, and then fasten the valve chamber
cover, timing belt cover, the right engine
mounting bracket of engine, and
dynamo belt.
SECTION II LIFTING AND INSTALLATION OF ENGINE

1. When the ignition switch is shut off, you
can pull out the battery earth cable,
loosen the fastening screw,and dismantle
the battery.
2. Loosen the condenser drainpipe, screw

off the expanded pot lid, and discharge all
the anti-freezing solution.
3. Dismantle the airflow lines between the

throttle valve case and the air flow meter,
dismantle the (a) lead connector of air
flow meter, (b) lead connector of ignition
coil,(c) lead connector of canister
solenoid valve.
a
b
4. Remove the (d) the wire harness plug of

water temperature sensor, and (e) wire
harness plug of air intake and exhaust
camshaft position sensor.
10
5. Remove the (f) the harness plug of CBR

solenoid valve.
6. Dismantle (g) the earth cable bolt of

cylinder head, remove (h) the wire
harness plug of starter coil, (i) wire
harness plugs of four oil injectors, (j)
knock sensor plug, (k) wire harness plug
of throttle valve controller.
7. Remove (l.) CBR solenoid valve plugs,

and (m) oil temperature sensor plugs
l
m
8. Loosen (n) generator positive pole output,

pull out (o) exciting current harness plugs
as well as the plugs of relevant parts of
the A/C compressor, steering booster
pump, oxygen sensor, and A/C high-low
voltage switch.. Loosen the fixed bolt of
starter harness to confirm the plugs of all
parts are completely separated.
11
9. Dismantle (p) transmission gearshift

cable and (q) hydraulic pipe of clutch.
10. Use crane to hoist the engine hanger

from the top, and dismantle the two
hexagonal flange bolts of front
suspension bracket.
11. Dismantle the hexagonal flange bolts of

girder under the car body.
12. Remove the hexagonal flange bolts of

rear suspension-cushion assembly of
engine.
12
13. Dismantle the coolant reservoir and

cleaning the reservoir.
14. Loosen the three hexagonal flange bolts

of engine's right bracket.
15. Loosen the three bolts of right

suspension cushion, and dismantle the
right suspension cushion assembly and
bracket.
16. Dismantle the hexagonal flange bolts of

left suspension cushion in order to
ensure no connection between the
engine and car body. Lift down the
crane carefully and shift out the power
assembly.
13
SECTION III ENGINE ACCESSORIES

1 Replacement of Dynamo belt
1.1 Needed tools and auxiliary materials 13
#open end wrench and new dynamo belt
1.2 Process of removal
As the figure illustrated, rotate the13#open
end wrench counterclockwise and recede the
tension pulley. At the same time, the belt
tension shall disappear, so you can dismantle
the belt.
1.3 Installation steps
The installing steps are reverse to those for
removal.
2 Replacement of Generator Assembly
2.1 Needed tools and auxiliary materials
Allen wrench, ratchet wheel, 13# sleeve,
10# open end wrench.
2.2 Process of removal:
1)
Dismantle the negative pole harness of

battery.
2)
Dismantle the bolts connecting the

generator and harness, and take out the
harness.
3)
Pull out the harness plugs of generator

regulator.
14
4)
Dismantle dynamo belt (Process of

removal is shown in the replacement of
dynamo belt).
5)
Use 13# sleeve to dismantle the bolt (I)

connecting the generator and bracket.
2.3 Installation steps:

The Installation steps is opposite to Process
of removal.
6) Use allen wrench to dismantle the bolt
(II) connecting the generator and
bracket, and then take out the generator.
Replacement
Compressor
of
Air
Conditioner

Small ratchet wheel, ratchet rod, 10# sleeve,
big ratchet wheel, 13# sleeve, crosshead
screwdriver, allen wrench coolant R134a,
gauze, A/C pressure gauge
3.2 Process of removal:
1)
Release Refrigerant for A/C compressor.

Screw off the nuts in the test pressure
port of high-pressure pipe, and use
screwdriver to press down the central
metal core in order to have the air
conditioner
pressure
released
completely.
15
2)
Lift down the wire harness plug.
3)
Dismantle the dynamo belt. The

removal methods are detailed in the
replacement of dynamo belt.
4)
Dismantle the intake manifold. Detailed

sequences are shown in the removal of
intake manifold .
5)
Loosen the bolt (I) connecting the A/C

compressor and fixed bracket.
6)
Loosen the bolt (II) connecting the A/C

compressor and fixed bracket.
7)
Use allen wrench to dismantle the bolts

connecting the A/C compressor and
pipes.
Note: After removing the A/C pipes, you

should use clean gauze to block up the mouth
of A/C pipes in order to prevent outer
substances from falling into the A/C pipes.
8)
Dismantle the three fixed bolts of A/C

fixed bracket.
16
9)
Carefully handle the bracket and A/C

compressor, and dismantle them.

Installation steps is opposite to Process of
removal.
4 Replacement of Power Steering Pump
17#open
end
wrench,ratchet
wheel,ratchet rod, power steering oil.
1)
Pull out the harness plugs of power

steering switch: use17#open end wrench
and vice clamp to loosen the connecting
bolts of oil pipe and clips, and discharge
the power steering oil.
2)
Dismantle the dynamo belt. Detailed

removal methods are shown in the
displacement of dynamo belt.
3)
Dismantle the bolt connecting power

steering oil pump and bracket.
4)
otate the steering pump pulley to make

the fixed bolt exposed, and then screw it
off. At this time, you can dismantle the
power steering pump.
17

removal.
5 Replacement of Idler
Ratchet wheel wrench, 13# ,15# sleeves
1)
Dismantle the dynamo belt. Detailed

sequences are shown in the removal of
dynamo belt.
2)
Dismantle the bolts connecting the idler

and engine/, and undo the idler wheel.

Installation steps is opposite to the Process of
removal.
6 Replacement of Air Intake Flow Sensor
6.1 Needed tools
Ratchet wheel, ratchet rod, 10# sleeve, and
slot head screwdriver.
1)
Pull out the plugs connecting the sensor

and wire harness, and use slot head
screwdriver to loosen the clamp at the
connection point of air intake hose and
air cleaner.
2)
Screw off the bolts connecting the

sensor and air cleaner, and then
dismantle the sensor.
18

removal.
7 Replacement of Air cleaner Core
7.1 Needed tools
Right-angled screwdriver.
1)
Undo the clips around the air cleaner

case.
2)
Uplift the filter case and take out the

filter paper.

Installation steps are opposite to the process
of removal.
8 Replacement of Ignition Coil
8.1 Needed tools
Ratchet wheel, ratchet rod, 10# sleeve.
1)
Put the ignition switch key at the OFF

position, and pull out the ignition coil
plug.
2)
Remove the high voltage cable from the

ignition coil.
19
3)
Use 10# sleeve to dismantle the fixed

bolts of ignition coil.

Installation steps is opposite to Process of
removal.
9 Replacement of High Voltage Cable
1)
Remove one end of the high voltage

cable from the ignition coil.
2)
Pull out the connection end of high

voltage cable and sparking plug, and
dismantle the high voltage cable.
Note: If the spare parts of high voltage cable

corresponding to various cylinders are
ordered, you can replace the high voltage
cable of single cylinder; otherwise, you must
replace the assembly.

removal.
20
10 Replacement of Sparking Plug

10.1 Needed tools
Carry-on wrenches
1)
Pull out the connection end of high

voltage cable and sparking plug.
2)
Use carry-on wrenches to screw off the

sparking plug.
Torque:

removal.
11 Replacement of Camshaft Position
Sensor
11.1 Needed tools
Allen wrench
1)
Put the ignition key at the position of

OFF, and shut off the sensor plug.
2)
Use allen wrench to loosen the sensor

fixed bolt

removal.
Installation precautions: In the case of
installation, you should apply a layer of oil
onto the O-type ring of sensor.
21
12 Replacement of Starter
A set of open end wrenches and a set of
sleeve wrenches.
12.2 Removal
1)
Dismantle the conductor of engine oil

dipstick. Loosen the bolts connecting
the engine oil dipstick with cylinder
block and intake manifold.
Note: After pulling out the conductor of

engine oil dipstick, you should immediately
use clean gauze to block up the hole in the
cylinder block in order to prevent outer
substances entering into the cylinder block.
2)
Loosen the two bolts connecting the

starter and transmission.
3)
Take out the starter and remove the

electric plugs of it.
12.3
Installation

removal.
13 Replacement of Oil Filter
13.1
Needed tools and auxiliary materials
Special tools for oil replacement, engine oil.

13.2
Removal
Use special tool to clamp the oil filter, and

rotate it counterclockwise to dismantle it.
13.3
Installation

removal. Please fill adequate engine oil after
assembling the oil filter.
22
CHAPTER III
ENGINE BLOCK
SECTION I ENGINE CYLINDER HEAD

1. Structure Diagram
2
12
11
10
3
7
4
1. Pad-Intake Manifold
2. Intake Manifold Assembly
3. Hexagonal Flange Bolt
4. Throttle Valve Assembly
5. Gasket-Throttle Body Assembly
6. Oil Injector Assembly
7. Fuel Delivery Pipe Assembly
8. CBR Position Sensor
9. Bracket-Actuator
10. Actuator
11. Rocker 2-CBR System
12. Rocker 1CBR System
23
11
10
12
21
13
5
4
14
3
15
2
20
16
17
18
19
12. Front Camshaft Oil Seal

13. Exhaust Camshaft Assembly
14. Rocker Assembly
15. Hydraulic Tappet Assembly
16. Stud Bolt (9 Bars)
17. Cylinder Head Gasket
18. Temperature Sensor
19. Engine Hanger
20. Cylinder head Bolt
21. CBR Cylinder head Assembly
1. Intake Valve
2. Valve Oil Seal
3. Spring Seat
4. Valve Spring
5. Spring Retainer
6. Keeper
7. Exhaust Valve
8. Intake Camshaft Assembly
9. Bearing Cap Assembly
10. Control Valve-Camshaft Phaser Assembly
11. First Bearing Cap Assembly
24
2. Maintenance
2.1
Replace intake manifold, CBR control

valve plate, delivery pipe, oil injector
2.1.1 Needed tools and auxiliary materials

Ratchet wheel, ratchet rod, 10# sleeve and
crosshead screwdriver
2.1.2 Process of removal
1)
Put the ignition key at the OFF position.
2)
Loosen the oil injector plug.
3)
Loosen the electric plug of CBR control

valve, and dismantle the bolts
connecting the engine oil dipstick and
intake manifold.
4)
Loosen the clamp at the connection end

of air intake hose and valve body.
5)
Dismantle the connecting bolts of valve

body, and take out the valve body.
6)
Loosen the joint of oil intake pipe.
7)
Dismantle the fixed nut of intake

manifold, and remove the intake
manifold.
25
2.1.3 Installation steps

removal.
Note: Pay more attention to the position of
seal ring. There is a slot at the arrow pointing
position.
2.2 Replace camshaft, bearing bushing,

valve and valve oil seal
2.2.1 Needed tools and auxiliary materials
Special tool for valve oil seal, engine
lubricant, a set of sleeve tools and one
adjustable wrench, special timing tool, a set
of allen wrenches.
2.2.2 Removal
1)
Dismantle the dynamo belt (detailed

methods are shown in the removal of
dynamo belt ).
2)
Dismantle the timing belt (detailed

method are shown in the replacement
of engine timing belt and timing
calibration.
3)
Dismantle the engine valve chamber

cover.
4)
Clamp the engine timing special tool,

the camshaft tool into the camshaft slot,
and use bolts to fix it.
Camshaft Tool
26
5)
Use torque wrench to remove the air

intake and exhaust camshaft pulleys.
6)
Dismantle the back cover of timing belt.
7)
Dismantle the air intake and exhaust

camshaft bearing caps in turn, and place
them well in order.
Note: The second, third, fourth and fifth

camshaft bearing caps are marked with I1, I2,
I3, I4 (E1, E2, E3, E4), which stands for the
corresponding bearing cap of 1, 2, 3, 4
cylinder respectively.
8)
Take out the camshaft and hydraulic

tappet.
9)
Dismantle the valve spring. Use special

tool to dismantle the valve spring.
10) Use special valve oil seal tool to

dismantle the old valve oil seal.
27
2.2.3 Check
1) Check the valve spring.
Use caliper rule to check the free length of
valve spring and the length specified in
special pressure.
Free length
Length of
620N
Standard
Value(mm)
47.7
Limit
value(mm)
32
Replace with the new valve spring if the

measured value exceeds the limit value.
2) Check camshaft
Use micrometer caliper to measure the
diameter of camshaft.
Diameter
Standard
value(mm)
0.15
Limit value
(mm)
0.20
Replace with the new camshaft if the

3) Check the camshaft
Use micrometer caliper to measure the length
of camshaft.
Intake
camshaft
Exhaust
camshaft
Standard
value (mm)
Limit value
mm
0.15
0.20
0.15
0.20
Replace with the new camshaft if the

28
4) Check the diameter of value stem

a: Use micrometer caliper to measure the
diameter of valve stem.
Measuring Point
Valve
Guide
Inner Diameter Of
Valve Guide
Outer Diameter
Of Valve Stem
B:
Use inner micrometer guage to measure

the inner diameter of valve guide.
C:
Calculate the difference of measured

value and the clearance.
Measuring Point
If they exceed the specified limit values, the

value or guide shall be replaced more
necessarily.
D:
Check the contact bandwidth of valve.
Edge
Contact Position (Should Be
Thickness
At The Center Of Slope.)
E:
Check the valve seat insert.
29
Outer diameter
of valve stem
(mm)
Inner diameter
of valve guide
(mm)
Clearance
(mm)
Thickness of
value top
mm
IN
Standard
value
5.980.008
EX
5.960.008
IN
5.40.1
EX
5.40.1
IN
EX
IN
0.02
0.04
0.30.15
EX
0.30.15
Limit
value
2.2.3 Installation
removal.
Note:
1)
Dismantle the valve springs in two groups

with 1st and 4th cylinders in one group, 2nd
and 3rd cylinders in the other group. When
the piston runs tothe top dead center of 1st
and 4th pistons, you should dismantle the
valve springs of the 1st and 4th cylinders,
replace the valve oil seal, and mount valve
springs immediately. When the piston runs to
the top dead center of2nd and 3rd cylinders,
you should replace the valve oil seal. Thus,
you can prevent the valve from falling into
the cylinders, reducing unnecessary troubles.
2)
Apply engine lubricant onto the oil seal lip

when installing the valve oil seal.
30
SECTION II INTRODUCTION TO NEW ENGINE

TECHNOLOGIESCBR& VVT
1. CBR PROFILE
CBR principle and structure
By controlling the organization modes of air
flow (eddy flow and turbulent flow), CBR
(Controlled Bum Rate) can improve the burn
rate, reduce displacement, and boost the
economical efficiency of fuel.
This engine adopts sliding plate CBR.

When the engine operates at low speed,
the vacuum actuator shall drag the sliding
plate to move towards the direction
shown in the figure by use of rocker
assembly, and the neutral air passage
shall be shut off basically (there is only a
gap on the top right corner). The mixing
of oil mist and air mainly depends on the
eddy flow of air intake provided by
tangential air duct, thus improving the
combustion status.
Neutral Air Duct
Tangential Air Duct
When the engine operates at high speed,

CBR control valve shall cut off the
vacuum condition of vacuum actuator;
thanks to the spring functions, the sliding
plate shall return to the position
illustrated in the figure, and the neutral
air duct shall also be opened, which
increases the turbulent flow of air intake
and improve the maximum power.
Structure of sliding plate
1) Sliding plate
2) Rocker and shaft assembly

3) Bracket
2
4) Vacuum actuator
4
31
2.VVT PROFILE
VVT Principle
VVTi is the abbreviation of variable valve timing with intelligent. During the operation of
engine, the valve opening time is called as valve timing. When the engine operates at
different rotation speeds, we need different valve timings to provide the optimal valve closing
control, so that the power and combustion efficiency can achieve the best effect. For this
purpose, we shall install VVTi mechanism onto the camshaft controlling the air intake valve
to regulate valve timing. The VVTi system installed on the air intake camshaft of engine is
equipped with oil- pressure clutch device between the camshaft and drive sprocket, which can
alter the rotation phase difference between the air intake camshaft and drive sprocket. The
controlled oil pressure mechanism connects with the engine oil system, and can be regulated
by solenoid valve and control loop. When the engine operates at different rotation speeds,
there are different angles between the camshaft and sprocket, which facilitates the air intake
valve to open and close at different times in an effort to achieve variable valve timing. On the
other hand, when the engine operates at different rotation speeds, abundant and appropriate
oil gas can be supplied to generate mighty power.
When the car engine equipped with VVT-I system fails abnormally, ECUs controlled by the
engine shall automatically lock the preset parameter value (come-home function), ensuring
the driver to drive the car to the maintenance station. This kind of engine lodges a strictly
demand for the quality of petroleum and lubricant; therefore, you must adopt the standard
materials in compliance with the stipulations of original car manufacturer in order to avoid
unnecessary damages.
1
6
2
32
1. Camshaft Phaser Assembly
5. Engine ECU
2. Control Valve-Camshaft Phaser Assembly
6. Crankshaft Position Sensor
3. Oil Pump Assembly
7. Camshaft Position Sensor
4. Engine Piston
8. Camshaft
SECTION III SHORT ENGINE

I. STRUCTURE DIAGRAM
33
1. Piston
12. Oil Pump
2. Connecting Rod Upper Bearing
13. Bolt
3. Timing Hole Plug
14. Gasket
4. Connecting Rod Lower Bearing
15. Crankshaft Timing belt pulley
5. Pad
16. Gasket
6. Bolt (M)
17. Bolt
7. Oil Filter
18. Crankshaft Pulley
8. Oil Cooler
19. Bolt
9. Oil Filter Seat
20. Bolt
10. Connecting Rod Bolt
21. Coolant pump
11. Connecting Rod Bearing Cap
22. Coolant Pump Gasket
34
23. Crankshaft Main Bearing Bolt
26. O-Type Ring
24. Frame Bolt
27. Crankshaft
25. Frame
28. Cylinder Block
35
II. MAINTENANCE
1. Replacement of Oil Pan
10# open end wrench, 10#, 15#, 17#
sleeves, ratchet wheel, ratchet rod, Le
Tai 5901 Glue and engine oil.
1.2 Process of Replacement
1)
Loosen the oil discharge bolt of oil pan

to discharge the engine oil.
Note: Engine oil should be stored in special

container. And Pay attention to environment
protection.
2)
Use 10#open end wrench and 10 #

sleeve to dismantle the fixed bolt of oil
pan (18 M725, 3 740 and 4 M795).
3)
Use 17# sleeve wrench to dismantle the

bolts (2 pieces, black) connecting the oil
pan and transmission housing.
36
4)

bolts connecting the oil return pipe of
PVC valve and oil pan
5)
Use rubber pestle to knock the edge of

oil pan, and dismantle the oil pan.
Note: Pay more attention to safety

precaution, since the oil pan may fall down
during the knocking process.
6)
Use right-angled tools to clean up the

old Le Tai Glue stained onto the engine
frame.
Note: Do not scuff the frame surface.
1.2.2 Installation
1)
Apply Le Tai 5910 Glue onto the

connection surface of engine frame
edges and oil pan to close up the oil pan,
and then mount fixed bolts for oil pan.
Note: Spread glue to the inner of hole for

installing bolt on the oil pan!
2)
Fasten the bolt. Firstly fasten it slightly

to press fit, and then fasten it up to the
specified torque.
Fastening method for bolt:

a:
Firstly screw in the oil pan bolt, and let

it not be pre-fastened.
b:
Pre-fasten the bolt from the central part
37
clockwise.
c:
Fasten the bolt up to specified torque

from the central part to both sides
clockwise. As the figure illustrated.
Torque: 153NM
3)
Fill engine oil up to specified volume.
2 Replacement of Oil Strainer

10#open end wrench, 10#, 15#, 17# sleeves,
ratchet wheel, ratchet rod Le Tai 5901
Glue,engine oil.
2.2 Process of replacement
1)
Dismantle oil pan (removal method is

shown in the replacement of oil pan ).
2)

bolts (8 pieces) connecting the oil
strainer and engine frame.
3)
Pull out the oil strainer carefully.
2.2.2 Installation
1)
Spin the nozzle of engine oil strainer

into the frame carefully.
2)
Mount the 8 bolts for the strainer and

fasten them.
Note: All bolts should be pasted with Le Tai

243 Glue.
Torque: 83Nm
3)
Installation of oil pan (detailed methods

are shown in the installation of oil pan).
38
3 Replacement of Piston, Piston Ring,

Piston Pin and Connecting Rod Bearing
10#open end wrench, 10#,15#,17# sleeves,
ratchet wheel , ratchet rod, Le Tai 5901
Glue,engine oil, torque wrench, special
piston mounting tools, feeler gauge,
clearance gauge, micrometer caliper
1)

methods are shown in the section of
timing
belt
assembly
in
the
replacement of timing belt).
2)
Dismantle the oil pan (detailed methods

are shown in the section of
replacement of oil pan ).
3)
Dismantle the cylinder head(detailed

cylinder head).
4)
Dismantle the oil strainer(detailed

methods are shown in the replacement
of oil strainer.
5)
Loosen the bolts of connecting rod big

end.
6)
Dismantle the lower cover of connecting

rod journal.
39
7)
Use wood stem to uplift the connecting

rod and piston slightly, and then
dismantle the piston and connecting rod
assembly.
8)
Take down the piston ring.
9)
Take down the retainer ring of piston

pin, and pull out the piston pin.
Note: Since the tension force of retainer ring

is very strong, you should do the removal
work carefully in order to avoid hurting
person.
Locating Snap Ring
3.2.2 Inspection
I.
Check the piston
1) Check the piston diameter.

Use micrometer caliper to carry out
measurement at the position 11mm away
from the lower part of piston skirt section a
and along the vertical direction of piston pin.
Cylinder
No.
1
2
3
4
Standard
Size
80.460.009
80.460.009
80.460.009
80.460.009
Wearing
Limit
Please replace the piston when it exceeds the

wearing limit.
40
2)
Check the clearance between piston ring

and ring slot.
a.
Use piston ring to clean up the carbon

deposit in the ring slot.
b.
Use feeler gauge to measure the

clearance between the piston ring and
ring slot.
Standard
value(mm)
First
ring
Second
ring
Wearing limit
(mm)
0.04--0.08
0.01--0.025
If the measured clearance exceeds wearing

limit, please replace it with new piston.
3)
Check the end clearance of piston ring
a.
Put the piston ring at the position 45mm

below the top surface of cylinder
aperture, and push the piston ring into
cylinder with piston.
41
b.
Use feeler gauge to measure the orifice.
Standard value
(mm)
First
ring
Second
ring
Oil
ring
Limit (mm)
0.2-0.4
0.4-0.6
0.2-0.9
4)
Check the piston pin and the diameter of piston pin
a.
Use micrometer caliper to measure the outer edges of the part shown in the following
figure, and select the maximum value as the diameter size of piston pin.
b.
Use inner micrometer caliper to measure the outer edges of the parts of the piston pin
hole shown in the following figure, and select the minimum value as the diameter size of
piston pin hole.
42
Standard size
Clearance between piston pin and piston pin hole
5)
Check the connecting rod journal and

the connecting rod bearing.
a.
Check the diameter of connecting rod

journal.
0.002-0.013
Use micrometer caliper to measure the

connecting rod journal.
Rotate the crankshaft for 90, and carry out

measurement.
Calculate the roundness and cylindericity
after two measurements.
Standard
value
Wearing
limit
Diameter
Roundness
Cylindericity
b.
Check the radial clearance of connecting

rod bearing.
Use clearance gauge to measure the radial

clearance of connecting rod bearing. Firstly
clean the connecting rod journal and
connecting rod bearing, and then put the
clearance gauge onto the journal, and fasten
the bearing bush to specified torque.
Note: The crankshaft should not be rotated
during this process.
43
Wearing limit
Loosen the connecting rod bolt, dismantle the

bearing cap; and use the measuring rule on
the clearance gauge packaging bag to
measure the width of the widest portion of
the flattened clearance gauge, and get the
clearance value.
Plastic Gauge
Standard value
clearance
0.15
Wearing
limit
0.50
If the measured clearance exceeds limit, you

should replace the connecting rod bearing.
Note: When replacing bearing bushing, you
should use the specified brand and model of
the same manufacturer.
6)
Check the flatness of the cylinder block

surface.
a:
Clean the cylinder block surface.
b:
Use ruler and feeler gauge to check

whether the cylinder block surface is
warped or not.
Standard value
warping
amount
C:
Limit
value
0.04
If the warping amount is excessive,

please rectify it.
If it exceeds the limit, please replace the

cylinder block.
The maximum summation of the permitted
worn thickness of the cylinder block and
cylinder head is:
44
7)
Check the cylinder block
a:
Check whether there is scuffing or piston

scraping on the cylinder wall. If the
defect exits, please dissection the
cylinder or and set with bushing or
replace it.
b:
Use cylinder gauge to measure the inner

diameter and cylindericity.
Standard value
12 mm
Center
Bottom
Limit
value
Cylindericity
Cylindericity=max.
cylinder diameter.
cylinder
diameter-min.
Measure the cylinder diameter in the A and B

directions, and calculate the cylindericity in
the two directions and select the max value.
3.2.3 Installation
1)
Apply oil onto the piston pin and in the

piston pin hole, and use piston pin to
connect the piston with the connecting
rod, and then mount the piston pin
circlip.
2)
Mount piston ring. Mount all the rings

onto the piston according to the
sequence: the bushing ring of oil control
ring upper and lower blades, second air
ring, first air ring. Observe the piston
ring direction when mounting various
rings: those with TOP onto it shall be
positioned upwards. Form an angle by
crossing the two blades and the bushing
ring, with the closed angle at the
bushing ring joint pointing at the piston
top, and the first ring and second ring
intersecting with the blades for 1200.
45
3)
Mount the connecting rod upper bearing

and connecting rod together.
Note: The bearing notch should be in

alignment with the notch on the connecting
rod.
4)
Apply engine lubricant onto the engine

cylinder, use special tools to clamp the
piston ring, and use wood handle to
slightly knock on the piston head so as
to mount the piston connecting rod
assembly.
Note: The end of the connecting rod with

points should point at the 1st engine cylinder,
and be consistent with the direction of arrow
at the piston top surface.
5)
Mount the connecting rod lower bearing

and connecting rod cap together, and
apply engine lubricant onto the bearing.
Note: The bearing notch should be in

alignment with the connecting rod notch.
6)
Latch on the connecting rod cap and

fasten the bolt.
Torque: 253Nm, and then screw it for 90

5.
46
7)
Check the axial clearance of connecting

rod Use micrometer caliper or feeler
gauge to measure the axial clearance.
Standard
Limit value
valuemm
(mm)
Clearance
0.15
0.50
8)
Mount oil strainer.
9)
Mount oil pan.
10) Mount cylinder.

11) Mount timing belt.
4.Replacement of Front crankshaft oil seal
Ratchet wheel, ratchet rod, 13#, 15#, 17#,
22# sleeves, 13#open end wrench, allen
wrench, engine lubricant, special tools for
assembly oil seal.
1)

Process of removals are shown in the
2)
Shift the car into the 5th gear and step

on the brake, use torque wrench to
dismantle the bolts connecting the
timing belt pulley and crankshaft, and
then take down the timing belt pulley.
Torque: 13010, and then screw for 655.
47
3)
Use slot-head screwdriver to pry out the

old oil seal
Note: Be careful when dismantling the oil

seal, and avoid scuffing the oil seal seat ring.
4.2.2 Installation
1)
Clean up the dirt and stain on the oil

seal seat ring, and apply a layer of
lubricant onto the seat ring.
2)
Apply a layer of engine lubricant onto

the oil seal lip.
3)
Fit the lubricant-applied new oil seal

into special tool.
4)
Press the oil seal into the oil seal seat

ring carefully, and use hammer to knock
it to the specified position.
48
5 Replacement of Oil Pump

A set of big sleeve tools, a set of small sleeve
tools, and a set of open end wrenches
1)
Dismantle the timing belt( detailed

engine timing belt).
2)
Shift the car into 5th gear and step on

the brake, and dismantle the timing belt
pulley.
3)
Use 10# sleeve to dismantle the fixed

bolt of oil pump, and remove the oil
pump.
Torque: 8+3NM
4)
Pry out the oil seal.
5)
Clean the seat ring of oil pump.
5.2.2 Installation
1)
Apply oil onto the oil pump gasket.
2)
Mount the oil pump into the seat ring of

oil pump.
Note: The bulging portion of oil pump should

point downward.
When the position is not correct, the bolt
cannot be screwed in.
3)
Mount oil seal.
4)
Mount other components.
Replacement of Crankshaft Rear Oil

Seal

A set of sleeve tools, a slot head screwdriver,
a small crane, engine oil.
49
1)
Lift down the engine assembly from the

car( detailed methods are shown in the
lifting and installation of engine
assembly.
2)
Dismantle he clutch pressure plate.
3)
Dismantle the flywheel. Firstly use

special tool to clamp the flywheel, and
then use sleeve wrench to dismantle the
fixed bolts.
4)
Use slot head screwdriver to pry out the

old oil seal.
Note: Avoid scuffing the oil seal seat ring.
6.2 Installation
1)
Clean the oil seal seat ring. Use clean

gauze to suck some engine oil to clean
up the foreign substances in the oil seal
seat ring.
2)
Apply a layer of oil onto the front oil

seal lip of crankshaft equally. Fit the oil
seal onto the special tool, and then press
it into the oil seal seat ring.
3)
Install flywheel and clutch pressure

plate, and assemble the engine into the
car.
Torque: 255N.M, and then screw for

305.
50
Replacement of Crankshaft and Thrust

Washer

A set of open end wrenches, a set of sleeve
tools, one small crane, Le Tai glue, engine
oil, feeler gauge and micrometer guage.
1)
Lift down the engine (detailed methods

are shown in the lifting and installation
of engine).
2)
Discharge the engine oil.
3)
Dismantle the engine timing belt

(detailed methods are shown in the
4)
Dismantle the engine accessories such

as engine A/C compressor, power
steering pump and bracket.( detailed
methods are shown in the replacement
of engine accessories).
5)
Dismantle the engine cylinder head

assembly (detailed methods are shown
in the replacement of cylinder head).
6)
Dismantle the clutch pressure plate,

flywheel and timing belt pulley.
7)
Dismantle the oil pan and oil

strainer.(detailed methods are shown in
the replacement of oil span and
strainer.
8)
Dismantle the piston connecting rod

assemblies of four cylinders, place them
well in order.
9)
Dismantle the oil pump assembly
10) Dismantle the lower frame of cylinder

block, and then you can take out the
crankshaft and thrust washer.
51
7.3 Check
1)
Check the oil clearance of crankshaft

main journal.
a)
Clean the journal and bearing bushing.
b)
Installation of crankshaft
c)
Cut the plastic gauge to make it have the

same length with that of the bearing, and
then put it onto the crankshaft journal to
make it parallel with the central line of
shaft.
d)
Install the master bearing cap carefully,

and fasten the bolts to specified torque.
e)
Dismantle the
carefully.
f)
Use the measuring rule on the packaging

bag of plastic gauge to measure the
width of the widest portion of flattened
plastic wire, and get the clearance value.
master
Standard value
Clearance
0.022
bearing
Plastic Gauge
cap
Limit
value
0.058
If the clearance value exceeds the limit value,

please replace the bearing bushing.
Note: When replacing the bearing bushing,
you must replace the whole group of bearing
bushings.
2)
Measure the axial clearance of

crankshaft
After
mounting
the
crankshaft, you can use micrometer
guage to measure the axial clearance.
Standard value
Clearance
0.07
Limit
value
0.265
If the measured value exceeds the limit value,

please replace the thrust washer.
52
7.4 Installation
1)
Clean up the short engine, and apply

engine lubricant.
2)
Install the crankshaft correctly, and

mount the thrust washer in proper
position.
3)
Latch on the cylinder block frame, and

fasten the crankshaft fixed bolts.
The fastening sequence is illustrated in the

figure.
Torque:
4)
Mount the bolts onto the

periphery, and fasten them.
frame
Torque:
5)
Mount oil strainer, oil pan, front and

rear oil seals of crankshaft and oil pump.
6)
Mount engine accessories, lift and

install the engine onto the car, mount
water pipe, and insert all electrical
plugs.
53

A21 Engine - 1.6

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CHAPTER I ENGINE PARAMETER AND SPECIAL TOOL

Four cylinders, water-cooled, in-line double overhead

Cylinder diameter (mm)

Rated Power (net power)

Revolution at rated power(RPM)

Maximum torque (Nm)

Revolution at max. torque (RPM)

Minimum fuel consumption rate

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II. SPECIAL TOOL:

Camshaft Timing Tool

Crankshaft Timing Tool

Guide Sleeve Of Crankshaft

Guide Sleeve Of Camshaft Oil

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III. ENGINE NUMBER POSITION

Position of Engine Cylinder Block Number

Engine Oil Dipstick

CHAPTER II ENGINE ACCESSORIES

Dismantle dynamo belt

Use wrench to clamp the tension pulley bolt,

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2. Dismantle the right engine mounting

Dismantle crankshaft pulley

Shift the car into the 5th gear, step on the

Dismantle the timing belt cover

Dismantle the upper cover and lower cover of

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Dismantle timing belt

Exhaust Camshaft Pulley

Loosen the central fixed bolt of tension

(4) Abnormal wearing of belt flank.

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Dismantle the valve chamber cover

Loosen the fixed bolt of valve chamber

Camshaft phase alignment

Rotate the camshaft and clamp the camshaft

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Crankshaft phase alignment

Screw off the bulkhead of cylinder block,

Mount and strain the timing belt

Mount the timing belt in the position shown

Lift down the special timing calibration

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SECTION II LIFTING AND INSTALLATION OF ENGINE

2. Loosen the condenser drainpipe, screw

3. Dismantle the airflow lines between the

4. Remove the (d) the wire harness plug of

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5. Remove the (f) the harness plug of CBR

6. Dismantle (g) the earth cable bolt of

7. Remove (l.) CBR solenoid valve plugs,

8. Loosen (n) generator positive pole output,

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9. Dismantle (p) transmission gearshift