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Engineering Mechanics

This document provides details about a student project to build a model suspension bridge. It includes an introduction describing suspension bridge design, the materials and tools used to build the model bridge, and the step-by-step construction process. It also discusses some historically significant full-scale suspension bridges and provides conclusions about the value of the project.

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67 views13 pages

Engineering Mechanics

This document provides details about a student project to build a model suspension bridge. It includes an introduction describing suspension bridge design, the materials and tools used to build the model bridge, and the step-by-step construction process. It also discusses some historically significant full-scale suspension bridges and provides conclusions about the value of the project.

Uploaded by

srk bhai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Suspe

nsion
Engineering
Mechanics
CLE-201
PBL
By:
Shubham Shanu (14BCL1007

)
Saket Jain (14BCL1021)
Ujjwal Misra (14BCL1084)

Guided by: Dr. Saravanan K


SMBS
Index
1 Acknowledgement
2 Introduction
3 Methodology
4 Building The bridge
5 Bridges that created history
6 Conclusion
7 References

Acknowledgement
First and foremost we would like to thank our
faculty guide for this research Dr. Saravanan K who motivated us all through for our research
and provided the necessary guidance. We would
also like to thank our parents and friends for the
cooperation and support they have offered us
through the course of this research for its
successful completion. Lastly we are thankful to
the administration of VIT University for providing
us with the necessary facilities needed for
pursuing and completing our research.

Introduction
A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which
the deck (the load-bearing portion) is hung below
suspension cables on vertical suspenders. The
first modern examples of this type of bridge were
built in the early 19th century. Simple suspension
bridges, which lack vertical suspenders, have a
long history in many mountainous parts of the
world.
This type of bridge has cables suspended
between towers, plus vertical suspender
cables that carry the weight of the deck below,
upon which traffic crosses. This arrangement
allows the deck to be level or to arc upward for
additional clearance. Like other suspension
bridge types, this type often is constructed
without false work .
The main forces in a suspension bridge of any
type are tension in the cables and compression in

the pillars. Since almost all the force on the


pillars is vertically downwards and they are also
stabilized by the main cables, the pillars can be
made quite slender, as on the Severn Bridge, on
the Wales-England border.

In a suspended deck bridge, cables suspended


via towers hold up the road deck. The weight is
transferred by the cables to the towers, which in
turn transfer the weight to the ground.
Assuming a negligible weight as compared to the
weight of the deck and vehicles being supported,
the main cables of a suspension bridge will form
a parabola (very similar to a catenary, the form
the unloaded cables take before the deck is
added). One can see the shape from the constant
increase of the gradient of the cable with linear
(deck) distance, this increase in gradient at each
connection with the deck providing a net upward
support force. Combined with the relatively
simple constraints placed upon the actual deck,
this makes the suspension bridge much simpler

to design and analyse than a cable, where the


deck is in compression.

Methodology
Stuff needed to build it and make it happen

To make the suspension bridge, we used the


following materials and tools
~Materials
-2 Thermocol Sheets
-All pins
-String
-Scotch Tape
~Tools
-Hobby Knife or Box cutter
-Scissor
-Ruler
-Pen/Pencil/Marker
-Fevicol

Make the Pylons


To make the pylon cut the thermocol sheets in
appropriate size.Then stick them to the base

Making the Deck


To make the deck for the bridge, start out with a
relatively medium sized Thermocol. Our piece
was large enough to fit a deck. Depending on
how many decks you want your bridge to have,
you can make more or less.
Measure out the deck, mark the points for the
suspension cables to go through
String
Your lengths of string can vary depending on the
distance from pylon to pylon, your total span of
the bridge, and your height you want the decks
to be above the ground. Explore with different
lengths to see which bridge looks nicer or more
realistic.
Stringing the deck
This part of the process is placing the string you
determined from the previous step. Stuck the
string in the thermocol with the help of all pins
Bringing it together
These are a few images and close ups of my
completed model. Remember that this is a very
open ended project with no real set guidelines on

the lengths and distances just like suspension


bridges in real life.

Bridges that Created History


Top 10 Bridges by length:

1.
Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge (Japan),
1991 m 1998
2.
Xihoumen Bridge (China),
1650 m 2007
3.
Great Belt Bridge (Denmark),
1624 m 1998
4.
Runyang Bridge (China),
1490 m 2005
5.
Humber Bridge (England,
United Kingdom), 1410 m 1981. (The
longest span from 1981 until 1998.)
6.
Jiangyin Suspension Bridge
(China), 1385 m 1997
7.
Tsing Ma Bridge (Hong Kong,
China), 1377 m 1997 (longest span
with both road and metro)
8.
Verrazano-Narrows Bridge
(USA), 1298 m 1964. (The longest
span from 1964 until 1981.)
9.
Golden Gate Bridge (USA),
1280 m 1937. (The longest span from
1937 until 1964.)
10.Yangluo Bridge (China), 1280 m
2007

Some cases that are special


Brooklyn Bridge ( NY,USA, 1883), The
first steel-wire suspension bridge.
Bear Mountain Bridge (NY, USA, 1924),
The longest span (497 m)from 1924 to
1926. The first suspension bridge to
have a concrete deck. The construction
methods pioneered in building it would
make possible several much larger
projects to follow.
John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge
(Ohio, USA: 1866), Then the longest
wire suspension bridge in the world at
1,057 feet (322 m) main span.
Mackinac Bridge (USA, 1957), The
longest suspension bridge between
anchorages in the Western hemisphere.
Roebling's Delaware Aqueduct (NY,USA,
1847) The oldest wire suspension bridge
still in service in United States.

Royal Gorge Bridge (Colorado, USA,


1929), The highest (384 m) suspension
bridge in the world.
San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge
(USA, 1936), Until recently, this was the
longest steel high-level bridge in the
world. The oldest in the world still in
use today.

Conclusion
This project of making the suspension bridge was
one of our most genuine project. We did this with
a real interest. Moreover it is one of the most
useful type of bridge among all the bridges (in
most cases).
And as we all know for thousands of years, man
has had to travel across vast chasms containing
either dense forests, rocky terrain, or roaring
rapids. The most primitive bridges were
designed and built to span these depths to make
the lives of humans drier, safer, and more
efficient. The specific type of bridge we chose to
base my model of the suspension bridge.

Reference
1) Wikipedia
2) Wikihow
3) YouTube

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