2.hydronic System PDF

HYDRONIC SYSTEM
J.ILANGUMARAN
P.S.
6"
6"
P.S.
5"
10"
5"
10"
5"
10"
5"
5"
5"
CONDENSER
10"
5"
5"
5"
5"
CONDENSER
10"
10"
10"
5"
5"
5"
5"
CONDENSER
CONDENSER W ATER PUMPS

( ONE STAND BY )
HYDRONIC SYSTEM
HYDRONIC SYSTEM - BASIC COMPONENTS

EXPANSION
CHAMBER
* CHILLERS
* HOT WATER
GENERATORS
PUMPS
SOURCE HEAT
LOAD HEAT
TERMINAL UNITS
* A.H.U.
* F.C.U.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
* SOURCE
* LOAD
* PUMP
* DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ( PIPING NETWORK )

* EXPANSION CHAMBER
WATER IS USED TO CARRY HEAT FROM POINT OF

GENERATION SUCH AS COOLING / HEATING COIL TO A
POINT WHERE IT CAN BE REJECTED SUCH AS
REFERIGERANT MACHINE & HOT WATER GENERATOR
COOLING & DEHUMIDIFICATION
COMPRESSOR
COIL-CHW
CHILLING MACHINE
AIR FLOW
TO SPACE
55F CHILLED
WATER RETURN
CONDENSOR
WATER PIPE LINES
HEAT REJECTED TO
REFRIGERANT
ie. AT COOLER
45F CHILLED WATER SUPPLY

HEAT EXCHANGE
BETWEEN CHILLED
WATER & AIR
TERMINAL UNITS
* AHU'S
* FCU'S
HEATING - HOT WATER & COIL

HOT WATER SUPPLY
HEATING COIL
AIR FLOW
TO SPACE
HOT WATER SUPPLY
100F
HOT WATER
GENERATOR
HEAT REJECTED TO
ELECTRIC HEATERS
120F
100F
HOT WATER RETURN PIPE

HEAT EXCHANGE
BETWEEN HOT
WATER & AIR
TERMINAL UNITS
* AHU'S * FCU'S
AIR OUT
COOLING
TOWER
COMPRESSOR
CONDENSOR
CONDENSOR
WATER RETURN
AIR IN
CHILLING MACHINE
CONDENSOR
WATER SUPPLY
WATER PIPE LINES
HEAT OF REFRIGERANT
CONDENSATION REJECTED
TO COOLING TOWER
ie. ATMOSPHERE
HEAT TRANSFER
BETWEEN REFRIGERANT
AND WATER
WATER IS USED TO CONDENSE THE REFERIGERANT TO

LIQUID. IT THUS TRANSPORTS THE HEAT OF
CONDENSATION TO COOLING TOWER FOR REJECTION
TO ATMOSPHERE
DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
MECHANICAL
PLANT ROOM
HIGH SIDE
SOURCE GENERATION OF
COOLING/HEATING
WATER IS USED AS
A CARRIER OF HEAT,
IT IS THE COOLANT
LOW SIDE
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
CHILLED WATER
SUPPLY
CHILLED WATER
RETURN
BLOCK A
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
F.C.U.
AHU
DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
BLOCK B
OR COOLING
MEDIUM.
IT TRANSPORTS THE
SPACE HEAT TO
CHILLING MACHINE.
AHU
WATER IS A
SECONDARY
L
L
AHU
BLOCK D
BLOCK C
AHU
REFERIGERANT
CHILLER FLOW RATE

HEAT CARRYING CAPACITY OF PIPING
Q
MASS FLOW RATE x SP. HEAT x TEMP.

RANGE
Q BTU/HR
GALLONS/MINUTE x 8.33
POUND/GALLON x 60 x 1 x T0 F
GALLON/MINUTE x 500 x T0 F
T0 F
BTU/HR PER GPM, FLOW RATE
4000
3.0 GPM / TR.
10
5000
2.4 GPM / TR.
15
7500
20
10,000
CLOSED RECIRCULATING TYPE

ATMOSPHERIC
PRESSURE
EXPANSION
TANK
STATIC HS = STATIC HD
THERE IS NO UNBALANCED
STATIC HEAD.
EVEN WHEN PUMP IS NOT IN
OPERATION, THE ENTIRE
PIPING IS FILLED WITH
WATER
CHILLED WATER
SUPPLY
THE PRESSURE AT THE

HIGHEST POINT =
TERMINAL
UNITS
CHILLED
WATER
RETURN
COOLER
SYSTEM PRESSURE + STATIC

HEIGHT & LIQUID
(EXPANSION TANK WATER
44F
PUMP
54F
LEVEL )
DIRECT RETURN
D
E
AHU / FCU
10 FT
10 FT
F
AHU / FCU
10 FT
10 FT
G
AHU / FCU
10 FT
PUMP
A
COOLER
40 FT
PARALLEL PATHS
-
A-B-G-H ( 100 FT. )
SHORTEST PATH
A-B-C-F-G-H (120 FT.)
A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H ( 140 FT. ) LONGEST PATH
10 FT
SEAMLESS IS EXPENSIVE & HENCE NOT USED

GENERALLY FOR HVAC SYSTEM
FOR CHILLED & CONDENSER WATER PIPING
ERW CLASS -C, PIPES ARE USED
CLASS A IS NEVER USED
FOR DRAINS ERW CLASS B GI PIPE IS USED
CONTROL VALVES
CONTROL VALVES ARE USED ACROSS THE

COOLING / HEATING COILS FOR VARYING
WATER FLOW IN RESPONSE TO CHANGING
LOAD.
TYPES
3 WAY MOTORISED - MIXING

3 WAY MOTORISED - DIVERTING
2 WAY MOTORISED
3 WAY VALVES ARE USED FOR CONSTANT

PUMPING SYSTEM, WHILE 2 WAY VALVES ARE
USED FOR VARIABLE PUMPING SYSTEM.
3 WAY MOTORISED MIXING VALVE

CHW / HOT
WATER IN
COIL
B
CHW / HOT
WATER OUT
AB
MOSTLY USED IN RETURN LINE OF COOLING /

HEATING COILS. THERE ARE TWO INLETS AND ONE
OUTLET. THE PORT DESIGN IS SUCH THAT IT
CANNOT BE USED IN PLACE OF DIVERTING VALVE.
FLOW VARIES THROUGH THE COIL. THE TOTAL
FLOW REMAINS REMAINS SAME.
3 WAY MOTORISED DIVERTING VALVE

CHW / HOT
WATER IN
AB
A
B
COIL
CHW / HOT
WATER OUT
THERE IS ONE INLET AND TWO OUTLETS. THE

PORT DESIGN IS SUCH THAT IT CAN BE USED IN
PLACE OF MIXING VALVE. DIVERTING VALVES
ARE EXPENSIVE AND ARE NOT COMMONLY
USED.
EXPAN.
TANK
AHU
4000 CFM
4"
AHU
4000 CFM
8"
8"
8"
4"
CHILLER
4"
8"
8"
4"
4"
4"
4"
4"
CHILLER
8"
AHU
4000 CFM
8"
4"
4"
4"
4"
4"
4"
CHILLER
FLOW RATE / MACHINE
= 1226 LPM
WATER TEMPERATURE IN
= 53F ( 11.6 C )
WATER TEMPERATURE OUT = 45F ( 7.2C )
3 NOS. CHILLED WATER PUMP

( ONE STAND BY )
CHILLED WATER FLOW DIAGRAM
8"
8"
P.S.
6"
6"
P.S.
5"
10"
5"
10"
5"
10"
5"
5"
5"
CONDENSER
10"
5"
5"
5"
5"
CONDENSER
10"
10"
10"
5"
5"
5"
5"
CONDENSER
CONDENSER WATER PUMPS

( ONE STAND BY )
CONDENSER WATER FLOW DIAGRAM
END

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HYDRONIC SYSTEM

CONDENSER W ATER PUMPS

HYDRONIC SYSTEM - BASIC COMPONENTS

* DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ( PIPING NETWORK )

WATER IS USED TO CARRY HEAT FROM POINT OF

45F CHILLED WATER SUPPLY

HEATING - HOT WATER & COIL

HOT WATER RETURN PIPE

WATER PIPE LINES

WATER IS USED TO CONDENSE THE REFERIGERANT TO

CHILLER FLOW RATE

MASS FLOW RATE x SP. HEAT x TEMP.

BTU/HR PER GPM, FLOW RATE

3.0 GPM / TR.

2.4 GPM / TR.

CLOSED RECIRCULATING TYPE

THE PRESSURE AT THE

SYSTEM PRESSURE + STATIC

A-B-G-H ( 100 FT. )

A-B-C-F-G-H (120 FT.)

A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H ( 140 FT. ) LONGEST PATH

SEAMLESS IS EXPENSIVE & HENCE NOT USED

CONTROL VALVES ARE USED ACROSS THE

3 WAY MOTORISED - MIXING

3 WAY VALVES ARE USED FOR CONSTANT

3 WAY MOTORISED MIXING VALVE

MOSTLY USED IN RETURN LINE OF COOLING /

3 WAY MOTORISED DIVERTING VALVE

THERE IS ONE INLET AND TWO OUTLETS. THE

3 NOS. CHILLED WATER PUMP

CHILLED WATER FLOW DIAGRAM

CONDENSER WATER PUMPS

CONDENSER WATER FLOW DIAGRAM

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