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System of Dynamics

1. The document describes solving an equation of motion for an oscillating system using a free body diagram. It derives the general solution as a linear combination of basis solutions in the form of x(t) = Keat cos(bt - θ). 2. It then applies constraints on the maximum displacement and acceleration based on given limits to determine values for the amplitude term Keat. 3. A MATLAB script is provided to plot the solution.

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57 views2 pages

System of Dynamics

1. The document describes solving an equation of motion for an oscillating system using a free body diagram. It derives the general solution as a linear combination of basis solutions in the form of x(t) = Keat cos(bt - θ). 2. It then applies constraints on the maximum displacement and acceleration based on given limits to determine values for the amplitude term Keat. 3. A MATLAB script is provided to plot the solution.

Uploaded by

D7ooM_612
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solutions

Part 1:Design
1. We have the Free Body Diagram(FBD) as follows. By force balance, we get the equation of motion as

x
x, x,
kx
m
cx
Figure 1: FBD for Q1
m
x = kx cx m
x + cx + kx = 0
Now, assuming trial solution x = Aet and substituting above, we get on simplifying,
Aet (m 2 + c + k) = 0 Aet = x(t) = 0 or m 2 + c + k = 0
Case 1(x(t) = 0) is trivial and uninteresting/negligible solution. Case 2 gives solution to this quadratic equation as

c c2 4mk
c + c2 4mk
, 2 =
1 =
2m
2m
This gives on substitution to x(t), the two non-trivial basis solutions as follows.
x1 (t) = Ae1 t , x2 (t) = Ae2 t
And the general solution is a linear combination of these two basis solutions where the initial conditions decide the
combination coefficients below.
x(t) = c1 x1 (t) + c2 x2 (t) = C1 e1 t + C2 e2 t
Now, given the problem data for parameters and initial conditions as follows.
Mass m (kg) x(0) = x0 (m) x(0)(initial

vel.,m/s) max. displacement d (m) accelaration limit |


xmax | (m/s2 )
2
0.075
0
0.0075
0.75
Here, as we are only looking for oscillatory solutions, we need underdamped systems ie c2 4mk < 0 and hence. we
have solution of form of complex numbers
!

4mk c2
c
1 = a + b, , 2 = a b
where b =
, a=
2m
2m
Now, using Euler theorem,
x(t) = C1 eat (cos bt + sin bt)) + C2 ea (cos bt sin bt))
= eat ((C1 + C2 ) cos bt + (C1 C2 ) sin bt)
Assuming C1 + C2 = cos and C1 C2 = sin and simplifying, we get solution of the form as follows.
x(t) = Keat cos(bt ), where K & are arbitrary constants
dx(t)
dv(t)
v(t) =
, a(t) =
dt
dt

2. We can see maximum displacement is defined by the amplitude term in solution namely Keat and maximum accelaration also occurs at the same point but scaled by b2 ie
Keat dmax & b2 Keat amax Keat Keat 0.0075 & b2 Keat 0.75
The coding for the same is done in MATLAB and script is attached. Please run the file Q1.m to get plot.

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