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This document contains a tutorial sheet on differential calculus in several variables with 30 problems: 1) Prove a limit using the epsilon-delta definition of limits. 2) Show a partial derivative is not equal to an interchange partial derivative. 3) Show a limit exists but a repeated limit does not for a piecewise defined function. 4) Find a limit involving trigonometric functions. 5) Check differentiability of a piecewise defined function. Problems involve limits, partial derivatives, directional derivatives, linear approximations, Taylor polynomials, critical points, and optimization of functions of several variables.

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94 views4 pages

Tut3 PDF

This document contains a tutorial sheet on differential calculus in several variables with 30 problems: 1) Prove a limit using the epsilon-delta definition of limits. 2) Show a partial derivative is not equal to an interchange partial derivative. 3) Show a limit exists but a repeated limit does not for a piecewise defined function. 4) Find a limit involving trigonometric functions. 5) Check differentiability of a piecewise defined function. Problems involve limits, partial derivatives, directional derivatives, linear approximations, Taylor polynomials, critical points, and optimization of functions of several variables.

Uploaded by

anshuljain226
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Department of Mathematics

MAL 100: Calculus


Tutorial Sheet 3: Differential Calculus in Several Variables

1. Using  definition of limits, prove that

10xy 2
= 0.
(x,y)(0,0) x2 + y 2
lim

2. Show that fxy (0, 0) 6= fyx (0, 0) for the following function:
(

f (x, y) =

(x2 + y 2 )tan1 xy

if x 6= 0;

1
2
2 y

if x = 0.

3. Show that the limit exists at the origin but the repeated limit does not exist for the following
function:
(
x sin y1 + y sin x1 if xy 6= 0;
f (x, y) =
0
if xy = 0.
4. Find

sin xy
.
(x,y)(0,0) x2 + y 2
lim

5. Check the differentiability of the following function at (0, 0):


(

f (x, y) =

6. Let
f (x, y) =

x sin x1 + y sin y1

if xy 6= 0;

if xy = 0.

3 3
x y

if (x, y) 6= (0, 0);

if (x, y) = (0, 0).

x2 +y 2

(a) Show that f (x, y) is continuous at (0, 0).


(b) Show that function f (x, y) possesses partial derivatives at (0, 0).
(c) Show that function is not differentiable at (0, 0).
7. Show that the function f (x, y) = |x| + |y| is continuous at (0, 0) but not differentiable at
(0, 0).

8. Discuss the differentiability of the function f (x, y) = 3 xy at (0, 0).


9. For what values of p is the function f (x, y) = (|x + y| + (x + y))p , (x, y) R2 differentiable
at each point of R2 ?
10. Use local linear approximation to approximate

(4.01)2 + (2.98)2 .

11. Find the directional derivative of f (x, y) = 2x3 y 3 + 6xy at (1, 1) in the direction of a unit
vector whose angle with positive x-axis is 6 .
12. Find the equation of tangent plane to the surface 4x2 + 9y 2 z 2 = 16 at P = (2, 1, 3).
13. Find the directional derivative of f (x, y, z) = xy 2 4x2 y + z 2 at (1, 1, 2) in the direction of
v = 6~i + 2~j + 3~k. Also, find the maximum and minimum value of directional derivative of f
at (1, 1, 2).
1

14. Let z = ex y , where x(u, v) =

uv and y(u, v) = v1 . Find

15. Consider the function


f (x, y) =

x2 y
x4 +y 2

z
u

and

z
v .

if (x, y) 6= (0, 0);


if (x, y) = (0, 0).

(a) Check the differentiability of function at (0, 0).


(b) Check if all directional derivatives of function exists at (0, 0).
(c) Check that directional derivatives at (0, 0) in the direction of (1, 0) and (0, 1) are partial
derivatives of function at (0, 0).
(d) Is Du f (0, 0) = f (0, 0) u? If not, explain the reason.
z
16. Suppose z = f (x, y) is a linear function for which we have f (3, 7) = 2, x
= 2. Suppose
also that the trade off in y when x increases by 10 is 4. What is the value of f (7, 7)? What
z
is the value of y
?

17. Suppose a cardboard carton has a square base that is of error propagation 25 inches on a
side and a height of 10 inches. If there is an error of x inches in measuring the base and
an error of y inches in measuring height, how much error will there be in the calculated
volume? Also, which causes a larger percentage error in the calculated volume: a 1 % error
in the measurement of the length of the base or 1 % error in the measurement of the height?
18. If f (x, y) = 2 x2 y 2 , find the direction of greatest increase of f at (1, 1) and the rate of
increase of f in this direction at (1, 1).
19. Find the quadratic Taylors polynomial approximation of ex

2 2y 2

about (0, 0).

20. Expand x2 y + 3y 2 in powers of x 1 and y + 2 using Taylors expansion.


21. Find all the critical points of f (x, y) = sin x sin y in the domain [2, 2] [2, 2].
22. Find all local extreme values of the function f (x, y) = xy(a x y).
23. Find the location of the local minima and the local maxima of the function f (x, y) =
2
2
xye(x +y ) .
24. Let f (x, y) = (x y)2 . Find all the critical points of f and categorize them according as
they are either saddle points or location of local extreme values. Is the second derivative test
useful in this case?
25. In each of the case below, discriminant is zero. Find the critical points and their nature of
the following:
(a) f1 (x, y) = x2 y 2 .
(b) f2 (x, y) = 1 x2 y 2 .
(c) f3 (x, y) = xy 2 .
26. Show that (0, 0) is the only critical point of the function f (x, y) = y 2 + x2 y + x4 , and that f
has a minima there.
27. Examine the local extreme values of the function f (x, y, z) = 2x2 + 3y 2 + 4z 2 3xy + 8z.
28. A farmer wishes to build a rectangular storage bin without a cover with a volume of 500 cu.
m. Find the dimensions of the bin that will minimize the amount of material needed in its
construction.
2

29. Find the maximum volume of rectangular solid in the first octant with one vertex at the
origin and the other vertex on the plane x + y + z2 = 1.
30. A company produces steel boxes at three different plants in amounts x, y and z respectively,
producing an annual revenue of f (x, y, z) = 8xyz 2 200(x + y + z). The company is to
produce 100 units annually. How should the production be distributed to maximize revenue?

Answers.
4. Does not exist.
5. Not differentiable.
8. Not differentiable.
9. p > 1
10. 4.996

11. 6 3 + 6
12. 8x + 9y 3z = 16
13. directional derivative
14.

z
u

= eu ,

z
v

54
7 ,

maximum

133, minimum 133.

=0

15. (a) Not differentiable; (b) exists; (c) yes; (d) no.
16.

z
y

= 5, f (7, 7) = 6

17. 2 % error in volume if 1 % error in measurement of base.

18. 2 2
19. 1 x2 2y 2
20. 10 4(x 1) + 4(y + 2) 2(x 1)2 + 2(x 1)(y + 2) + (x 1)2 (y + 2)
21. (0, 0), 2 , 2


3

22. For a >0, local maximum a27 at a3 , a3 , no local minima; for a < 0, local minimum value
at a3 , a3 , no local maxima; for a = 0, no local extrema.
23. local mimima at
24.

(x, x) : x R

1 , 1
2
2

, local maxima at

1 , 1
2
2

25. (a)
minima at (x, 0) : x R  (0, y) : y R ; (b) maxima at

(0, y) : y R ; (c) saddle point at (x, 0) : x R .
27. local minima 4 at (0, 0, 1).
28. (10, 10, 5)
29.

a3
27

2
27

30. x = y = 25, z = 50.

(x, 0) : x R

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