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Soil Report

Purvnachal Engineers & Consultants conducted a sub-soil investigation for the proposed foundation of a school building in Rudrapur, Shivnath Roldapur, Mahrajganj. Boreholes up to 7.5m found topsoil to be plastic clay to 1.5m underlain by medium dense sandy soil. The water table was encountered at 2.5m below ground. Laboratory tests on undisturbed samples determined soil properties. Based on the investigation, strip or rectangular footings 1.2-1.5m deep with widths of 1.2-2.5m were recommended. The net safe bearing capacity was calculated as 9.8-14.4 t/m2 based on

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Habib Ur Rahman
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594 views9 pages

Soil Report

Purvnachal Engineers & Consultants conducted a sub-soil investigation for the proposed foundation of a school building in Rudrapur, Shivnath Roldapur, Mahrajganj. Boreholes up to 7.5m found topsoil to be plastic clay to 1.5m underlain by medium dense sandy soil. The water table was encountered at 2.5m below ground. Laboratory tests on undisturbed samples determined soil properties. Based on the investigation, strip or rectangular footings 1.2-1.5m deep with widths of 1.2-2.5m were recommended. The net safe bearing capacity was calculated as 9.8-14.4 t/m2 based on

Uploaded by

Habib Ur Rahman
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PURVNACHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS

(Deoria Bye Pass Road, Jungle Seekari, Post Office Chauri, District-Gorakhpur)

REPORT ON SUB-SOIL INVESTIGATIONS


FOR
THE FOUNDATION
OF
PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING OF
SRI VIVEKANAND SHIKSHAN SANSTHAN
RUDRAPUR, SHIVNATH ROLDAPUR
TAHSIL NAUTANWA

DISTRICT-MAHRAJGANJ
PREPARED BY:
M/S PURVANCHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS
GORAKHPUR
SUBMITTED TO:

SRI VIVEKANAD SHIKSHAN SANSTHAN

(SURVEYORS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS & SUB-SOIL EXPLORERS)

PURVNACHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS


(Deoria Bye Pass Road, Jungle Seekari, Post Office Chauri, District-Gorakhpur)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are grateful to the members of Sri Vivekananda Shikshan Santhan,Rudrapur,
Shivnath Roldapur Tehsil Nautanwa District-Mahrajganj, for providing us an opportunity to
carry out the necessary sub-soil investigation for the site. We also acknowledge the help
extended by other staff members of the Sanstahn for providing us assistance in the sub-soil
exploration work.

(SURVEYORS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS & SUB-SOIL EXPLORERS)

PURVNACHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS


(Deoria Bye Pass Road, Jungle Seekari, Post Office Chauri, District-Gorakhpur)

REPORT ON SUB-SOIL INVESTIGATIONS FOR


THE FOUNDATION OF PROPOSED SCHOOL
BUILDING OF SRI VIVEKANAND SHIKSHA
SANSTHAN RUDRAPUR, SHIVNATH ROLDAPUR
TAHSIL NAUTANWA DISTRICT-MAHRAJGANJ
1. INTRODUCTION:
A G+2 storied school building is proposed to be constructed by Sri Vivekananda Shikshan
Sansthan, Rudrapur, Shivnath Roldapur Tehsil Nautanwa District-Mahrajganj. M/S
Purvanchal Engineers & Consultants, Gorakhpur were entrusted for carrying out sub-soil
investigation and suggest the type of foundation and allowable load over it.
2. TOPOGRAPHY OF AREA:
The site is situated at Rudrapur, Shivnarh Roldapur Tehsil Nautanwa District-Mahrajganj
near Kolhui a small town on Gorakhpur Sonauli Road. The site is agricultural land which is
about 0.60m below roads adjoining the plot.. The topography of the area is plane. The area
has a medium level of construction activity.
3.1 BORING:
Four bore holes, of 150 mm nominal diameter and 7.50m depth, were sunk by manual
operation in accordance with procedure laid in Para 3.1 of I.S. 1892-1879. The location of
these bore holes has been shown vide Drawing No.1. During boring, visual observations of
the strata were also recorded. The location of bore holes was decided the architect.
3.2 COLLECTION OF UNDISTURBDED SAMPLES:
Undisturbed samples were recovered from the bore holes at regular intervals of 1.5 m by
using drive samplers of 100 mm dia., 450 mm length tube with a cutting shoe. In case of
open drive sampler the ends of the tube were cleaned and waxed after recovery of sample
and samples were brought to the laboratory for testing after duly waxing, capping and
labeling.
3.3 IN-SITU TESTS:
(a)

STANDARD PENETRATION TESTS:

Standard dynamic penetration tests were conducted at intervals of 1.5m by using Standard
Split Spoon Sampler. The Sampler was driven by means of 63.5 kg hammer falling freely

(SURVEYORS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS & SUB-SOIL EXPLORERS)

PURVNACHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS


(Deoria Bye Pass Road, Jungle Seekari, Post Office Chauri, District-Gorakhpur)
from a height of 75 cm to determine SPT (N) values. N values so obtained in case of noncohesive soils were corrected as per article 3.5 of I.S. 2131-1981 The log chart and S.P.T
Curve has been presented in drawing no.2, 3, 4 and 5. The least penetration resistance curve
is shown in drawing No.6.

4.

LABORATORY TESTS:

4.1

Mechanical analysis was done on all the samples collected from the boreholes.
Atterbergs limits were found out for cohesive soil strata. Particle size analysis Specific
gravity. Dry density and Natural Moisture Contents were also determined by conducting
tests of the samples.

4.2

Tri-axial tests were conducted on umber of undisturbed samples considered necessary


for determination of bearing capacity on consideration shear.

4.3

Consolidation tests were conducted on undisturbed samples, showing cohesion for


calculation of allowable bearing pressure on consideration of settlement.

4.4

All test results are presented vide Table No.1 & Table No.2.

1. GENERAL NATURE OF SOIL AND DEPTH OF WATER TABLE.


The log chart and S.P.T. curves have been presented in drawing no.2, 3,4,5, while least
penetration resistance curve is shown vide drawing no.6.
The soil strata are identical in the two bore holes. The top soil is normal Plastic in top
1.50m belonging to group ML. The soil below this level is poorly graded sand SM whi
This strata continues till depth bored. The N- Values in the cohesion-less strata vary from
12-16 indicating soil of medium to dense compactness. The water table has been met at 2.5m
below ground level on 17-06-2016. Under worst conditions the water table is expected to rise
up to 0.50m below natural ground level.
5

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS.
5.1 The choice of the type of the foundation shall depend upon the safe allowable bearing
capacity, design and layout of super- structure relative economics of various
alternatives and practical considerations. In case of shallow and raft foundation the
safe bearing capacity/allowable pressure calculation shall be governed by IS: 64031981 for shear consideration and IS: 1904-1978/ IS: 8009 (part-1) 1976 for
consideration of settlement.
5.2

NET SAFE BEARING CAPACITY ON SHEAR CONSIDERATIONS:


The general formula for net safe bearing capacity on shear considerations in
accordance with IS: 6403-1981 is:-

(SURVEYORS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS & SUB-SOIL EXPLORERS)

PURVNACHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS


(Deoria Bye Pass Road, Jungle Seekari, Post Office Chauri, District-Gorakhpur)
Qs =

1/F (C.Nc sc dc ic +QNq Sq dq iqW1 + 0.5BN s d i W2)

Where;
Qs = Safe bearing capacity on shear considerations in t/m2
F
C

=
=

Factor of safety = 3
Cohesion in t/m2

Effective surcharge(allowing submergence, if any) in t /m2= Df

Width of footing in meter

W1,W2 = Correction for position of water table

Density of soil in t/m3.

Nc, Nq, N =
Sc Sq S
dc dq d
ic iq

Non Dimensional Bearing Capacity Factors depending on void ratio


And angle of internal friction as read form IS: 6403-1981
= shape factors as per article 5.1.2.2 of IS: 6403-1981
= depth factors as per article 5.1.2.2.of IS: 6403-1981
= inclination factors as per article 5.1.2.3. of IS: 6403-1981

5.3 NET SAFE BEARING CAPACITY ON SHEAR CONSIDERATION:


(a) Strip Footing:
Depth of Foundation (m)
=
1.20, 1.50m
Width of Foundation (m)
=
1.20, 1.50m, 2.00m,2.50m
Type of foundation
=
Strip
Angle of internal friction
=
24.75degree
Average Dry Density of Soil
=
1.50 t/m3
Submerged density of soil(gm/cc) =
0.95
Correction for water table W
=
0.75
Cohesion
=
4.29 t/m2
Calculations for net allowable load for strip footing have been presented in Table No.3. The
results are appended below.
(a) Strip Footing:
Sl.
No.
1
2
3

Depth of
Footing
(m)
1.20
1.20
1.20

Width of
Footing
(m)
1.20
1.50
2.00

Length of Footing Net Allowable


(m)
Load
(t/m2)
11.40
9.82
8.30

(SURVEYORS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS & SUB-SOIL EXPLORERS)

PURVNACHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS


(Deoria Bye Pass Road, Jungle Seekari, Post Office Chauri, District-Gorakhpur)
4
5
6

1.50
1.50
1.50

1.50
2.00
2.50

(b) Rectangular Footing:


Depth of Foundation (m)
Width of Foundation (m)
Type of foundation
Angle of internal friction
Average Dry Density of Soil
Submerged density of soil(gm/cc)
Correction for water table W
Cohesion
=

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
4.29 t/m2

13.91
11.80
9.74

1.20, 1.50m
1.20, 1.50m, 2.00, 2.50
Strip
24.75 degree
1.50 t/m3
0.95
0.75

Calculations for net allowable load for strip footing have been presented in Table No.4. The
results are appended below.
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6

Depth of
Footing
(m)
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.50
1.50
1.50

Width of
Footing
(m)
1.20
1.50
2.00
1.50
2.00
2.50

Length of Footing Net Allowable


(m)
Load
(t/m2)
2.40
13.91
3.00
11.80
4.00
9.74
3.00
14.35
4.00
11.70
5.00
10.22

5.4 ALLOWABLE BEARING PRESSURE BASED ON SETTLEMENT


CONSIDERATION:
The allowable bearing pressure is to be so restricted that the anticipated settlement
does not exceed the permissible settlement as specified in IS: 1904-1978 for the particular
type of structure and nature of soil.
5.4.1

Settlement of Plastic Layer :

As per I.S. 8009(part-1)-1976, the settlement plastic layers are calculated using
the following expressions:

S=

Ht Cc
( Po +P)
-------- log 10 ----------1+ eo
Po

(SURVEYORS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS & SUB-SOIL EXPLORERS)

PURVNACHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS


(Deoria Bye Pass Road, Jungle Seekari, Post Office Chauri, District-Gorakhpur)
where
Ht
Cc

5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3

=
Thickness of plastic layer
=
Compressibility coefficient
eo
=
Void ration at Po pressure
Po
=
original pressure at mid depth of plastic layer
P
=
change in pressure at mid depth of plastic layer
The settlement of the sandy layer can be determined using the method
outlined in article 9.1.4 of IS: 8009 (part-1) 1976
All the computed settlements are corrected for depth factor and rigidity
effect as per article 9.5 of IS: 8009 (part-1) 1976
The net safe allowable bearing pressure is computed below.

6. NET ALLOWABLE LOAD ON THE BASIS OF SETTLEMENT OF PLASTIC


STRATA:
The following values of various parameters have been taken for the determination of
clayey stratum.
Depth of foundation, Df
Width of foundation, Bf=
Maximum permissible settlement (cm)

=
=

1.20, 1.50,
1.20, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50m
=65 mm

The net allowable load on settlement criteria has been calculated


7.1 NET ALLOWABLE LOAD ON STRIP /RECTANGULAR/ FOOTING BASED ON
SETTLEMENT CRITERIA:
The net allowable load on the basis of settlement criteria has been calculated in
Table No. 5, and 6.

(SURVEYORS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS & SUB-SOIL EXPLORERS)

PURVNACHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS


(Deoria Bye Pass Road, Jungle Seekari, Post Office Chauri, District-Gorakhpur)

REPORT ON SUB-SOIL INVESTIGATIONS FOR


THE FOUNDATION OF PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING OF SRI
VIVEKANAND SHIKSHA SANSTHAN RUDRAPUR, SHIVNATH
ROLDAPUR TAHSIL NAUTANWA DISTRICT-MAHRAJGANJ
On the basis of field and lab test and the calculations presented in various tables it is obvious
that structure can be laid on open foundation.
1

Minimum Depth of open foundation can be kept as 1.20 m from natural G.L.

The net allowable load for strip/rectangular footing can be taken from the following
table.
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6

4.

5.

Depth of
Footing
(m)
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.50
1.50
1.50

Width of
Footing
(m)
1.20
1.50
2.00
1.50
2.00
2.50

Length of Footing Net Allowable


(m)
Load
(t/m2)
9.10
10.40
10.40
9.60
8.40
7.80

The net allowable load for raft foundation can be taken from the following table.

Sl.
No.

Depth of Footing
(m)

Width of Raft
(m)

1
2
3
4
5
6

1.50
1.50
1.50
2.00
2.00
2.00

4.50
6.00
7.50
4.50
6.00
7.50

Length of Footing Net Allowable


(m)
Load
(t/m2)
7.50
7.20
7.00
8.40
8.00
7.80

The recommendations are based on the sub- strata details obtained from soil
investigations of the bore as indicated in preceding pages. If however, any significant
departure from the sub-soil details is noticed during excavation of foundations reference
need be made to us for advice.

(SURVEYORS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS & SUB-SOIL EXPLORERS)

PURVNACHAL ENGINEERS & CONSULTANTS


(Deoria Bye Pass Road, Jungle Seekari, Post Office Chauri, District-Gorakhpur)
6.

The worst water table has been taken at 2.50m below ground level and maximum
piezometric rise has been taken as 0.5m below natural ground level. If any information
contrary to this is noticed, reference may be made to us for advice.

7.

If the adopted size of foundations is different from those assumed above, reference
may be made to us for advice.
8. If the size of raft is greater than 6.00m , investigations shall be carried out to assess the
nature of strata at least up to a depth equal to depth of foundation 2.0 times the width of
raft.

(SURVEYORS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS & SUB-SOIL EXPLORERS)

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