The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is an automatic tracking system that uses transceivers on ships and vessel traffic services to identify and locate vessels by exchanging data. AIS provides information like identification, position, course and speed to support watchstanding officers and allow authorities to monitor vessel movements. It integrates a VHF transceiver with a positioning system and displays information on screens. Vessels fitted with AIS transceivers can be tracked by coastal base stations or satellites when out of range of terrestrial networks. The IMO requires AIS aboard international and passenger ships over 300 gross tons.
The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is an automatic tracking system that uses transceivers on ships and vessel traffic services to identify and locate vessels by exchanging data. AIS provides information like identification, position, course and speed to support watchstanding officers and allow authorities to monitor vessel movements. It integrates a VHF transceiver with a positioning system and displays information on screens. Vessels fitted with AIS transceivers can be tracked by coastal base stations or satellites when out of range of terrestrial networks. The IMO requires AIS aboard international and passenger ships over 300 gross tons.
The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is an automatic tracking system that uses transceivers on ships and vessel traffic services to identify and locate vessels by exchanging data. AIS provides information like identification, position, course and speed to support watchstanding officers and allow authorities to monitor vessel movements. It integrates a VHF transceiver with a positioning system and displays information on screens. Vessels fitted with AIS transceivers can be tracked by coastal base stations or satellites when out of range of terrestrial networks. The IMO requires AIS aboard international and passenger ships over 300 gross tons.
The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is an automatic tracking system that uses transceivers on ships and vessel traffic services to identify and locate vessels by exchanging data. AIS provides information like identification, position, course and speed to support watchstanding officers and allow authorities to monitor vessel movements. It integrates a VHF transceiver with a positioning system and displays information on screens. Vessels fitted with AIS transceivers can be tracked by coastal base stations or satellites when out of range of terrestrial networks. The IMO requires AIS aboard international and passenger ships over 300 gross tons.
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Vasile Radu Adrian
ET32
Automatic Identification System
The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is an automatic tracking system used on
ships and by vessel traffic services (VTS) for identifying and locating vessels by electronically exchanging data with other nearby ships, AIS base stations, and satellites. When satellites are used to detect AIS signatures then the term Satellite-AIS (S-AIS) is used. AIS information supplements marine radar, which continues to be the primary method of collision avoidance for water transport. Information provided by AIS equipment, such as unique identification,position, course, and speed, can be displayed on a screen or an ECDIS . AIS is intended to assist a vessel's watchstanding officers and allow maritime authorities to track and monitor vessel movements. AIS integrates a standardized VHF transceiver with a positioning system such as a GPS or LORANC receiver, with other electronic navigation sensors, such as a gyrocompass or rate of turn indicator. Vessels fitted with AIS transceivers and transponders can be tracked by AIS base stations located along coast lines or, when out of range of terrestrial networks, through a growing number of satellites that are fitted with special AIS receivers which are capable of deconflicting a large number of signatures. The International Maritime Organizations International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea requires AIS to be fitted aboard international voyaging ships with gross tonnage (GT) of 300 or more, and all passenger ships regardless of size.
Vasile Radu Adrian
ET32
Viewing and using AIS data
AIS is intended, primarily, to allow ships to view marine traffic in their area and to be seen by that traffic. This requires a dedicated VHF AIS transponder that allows local traffic to be viewed on an AIS enabled chartplotter or computer monitor while transmitting information about the ship itself to other AIS receivers. Port authorities or other shore-based facilities may be equipped with receivers only, so that they can view the local traffic without the need to transmit their own location. All AIS transponder equipped traffic can be viewed this way very reliably but is limited to the VHF range, about 10-20 nautical miles.
Correlation of data sources
Correlating optical and radar imagery with S-AIS signatures enables the end-user to rapidly identify all types of vessel. A great strength of S-AIS is the ease with which it can be correlated with additional information from other sources such as radar, optical, ESM, and more SAR related tools such as GMDSS SARSAT and AMVER. Satellite-based radar and other sources can contribute to maritime surveillance by detecting all vessels in specific maritime areas of interest, a particularly useful attribute when trying to co-ordinate a long-range rescue effort or when dealing with VTS issues. Collision avoidance AIS was developed by the IMO technical committees as a technology to avoid collisions among large vessels at sea that are not within range of shore-based systems. The technology identifies every vessel individually, along with its specific position and movements, enabling a virtual picture to be created in real time. The AIS standards include a variety of automatic calculations based on these position reports such as Closest Point of Approach (CPA) and collision alarms. As AIS is not used by all vessels, AIS is usually used in conjunction with radar.
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ET32 Fishing Fleet Monitoring and Control AIS is widely used by national authorities to track and monitor the activities of their national fishing fleets. AIS enables authorities to reliably and cost effectively monitor fishing vessel activities along their coast line, typically out to a range of 60 miles (depending on location and quality of coast based receivers/base stations) with supplementary data from satellite based networks
Vessel traffic services
In busy waters and harbours, a local vessel traffic service (VTS) may exist to manage ship traffic. Here, AIS provides additional traffic awareness and information about the configuration and movements of ships.
Aids to navigation The AIS Aids to Navigation (AtoN) product standard was developed with the ability to broadcast the positions and names of objects other than vessels, such as navigational aid and marker positions and dynamic data reflecting the marker's environment (e.g.,currents and climatic conditions). These aids can be located on shore, such as in a lighthouse, or on water, platforms, or buoys. The U.S. Coast Guard has suggested that AIS might replace racon (radar beacons) currently used for electronic navigation aids.
Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) Are Designed To Be Capable of Providing Information About The Ship To Other Ships and To Coastal Authorities Automatically
Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) Are Designed To Be Capable of Providing Information About The Ship To Other Ships and To Coastal Authorities Automatically
