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    Chapter 5 Protection Coordination-Objectives and Methodology PDF

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    Chapter 5 Protection Coordination-Objectives and Methodology PDF

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    295 views13 pages

    Chapter 5 Protection Coordination-Objectives and Methodology PDF

    Uploaded by

    Ryan Anthony Umali

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    CHAPTER 5-PROTECTION COORDINATION

    Article 2.40.1.12

    and 2.40.9.1 of Philippine Electrical

    Code I 2009 requires overcurrent protection coordination

    to

    minimize the hazard to personnel and equipment .


    5.1 Protection Coordination Guidelines
    5.1.1 Coordination time
    According

    to

    IEEE

    Buff

    book

    Std

    242-2001,

    coordination time interval (CTI) should be maintained between


    curves of protection devices in series to ensure correct selective
    operation and to reduce nuisance tripping. It is therefore required to
    assign a suitable CTI based on the protection device operating times
    and accuracy. For this study, CTI is calculated as follows:
    CTI (Device operating Times) (measurement and relay timing Errors) Safety Margin

    CTI (OTCB OTRELAYO/ S )

    (2ErRe lay ErCT )


    100

    xOTRELAY OTSAFETY

    Where, OTCB is Circuit breaker interrupting time (taken as 75ms)


    OTRELAY O/S is Relay overshoot time (taken as 20ms)
    OTRELAY is the maximum operating time of relay (taken as 1000ms)
    ErRELAY is Relay timing error (taken as +/- 2%)
    ErCT is the CT error (taken as +/-5%)
    OTSAFETY is the safety margin (taken as 15ms)

    CTI (75 20)

    ((2x2) 5)
    1000 15 200ms
    100

    CTI 200 ms

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 407

    5.1.2 Protection for Medium Voltage Motor


    For medium voltage motor feeder unit, the following motor
    protection scheme shall apply. This motor protection scheme is
    based on ANSI IEEE standard C37.96-2000.
    50P/51P-Phase Instantaneous and Time overcurrent relay for
    phase overcurrent protection. The 51 pickup shall be set at 115% of
    motor FLA using ANSI Very Inverse time-current curve while 50
    pickup shall be set at 200% of motor LRA.
    50G/51G-Ground Instantaneous and Time overcurrent relay for
    ground overcurrent protection.
    49-Motor overload relay protection for thermal protection. 46-Phase
    current unbalance relay for phase loss protection.
    51LR-extreme overload relay (for 1500hp and above). 37-Under
    load/undercurrent relay for load loss protection.

    52

    CT

    50/51

    51LR

    49

    46

    37

    ZCT

    50/
    51N

    M
    Figure 5.1 Protection scheme for VCB DOL Medium voltage
    motor

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 408

    5.1.3 Protection for Power Transformer


    For Power Transformer,
    5.1.4 Protection for MV Capacitor Bank
    5.1.5
    5.2 Overall Protection
    5.2 Equipment Operating and Damage Curves
    5.2.1 Transformers and Feeder Cables TCC Landmark
    Damage points for TRM1,TRL3A and TRL3B are based on
    IEEE C57.109-1993 and calculated as Category IV liquid-immersed
    transformers (30,000kVA and above) for TRM1 and Category II
    liquid-immersed transformers (501-5000kVA) for TLR3A/B as shown
    in table 5.1, 5.2 respectively. For both TRM1 and TRL3A/B, the
    magnetizing Inrush point is calculated at 12 times the transformers
    full load current and is shown in table 5.3 and 5.4.
    Table 5.1 Thermal and Mechanical Damage Curve for TRM1
    Time
    (s)
    1800
    300
    60
    30
    10
    2
    5000Z(p
    u)2
    8
    2

    TRM1 Thermal Damage Curve


    Current at Wye (A)
    Current at Delta (A)
    (58% of Current at Wye)
    2xIFL = 6693.92
    3882.47
    3xIFL =10040.87
    5823.71
    4.75xIFL =15898.05
    9220.87
    6.3xIFL =21085.84
    12229.78
    11.3xIFL =37820.63
    21935.96
    25xIFL =83673.95
    48530.89
    TRM1 Mechanical Damage Curve
    0.5xIFL /Zpu =10459.24
    6066.36
    0.5xIFL /Zpu=10459.24
    1xIFL /Zpu =20918.49

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    6066.36
    12132.72

    Page 409

    Table

    5.2

    Thermal

    and

    Mechanical

    Damage

    Curve

    for

    TRL3A/3B TCC
    TRL3A Damage Curve
    Current at Wye (A)
    Current at Delta (A)
    2 xIFL =7216.87
    4,185.79
    3 xIFL = 10825.31
    6,278.68
    4.75 xIFL = 17140.08
    9,941.25
    6.3 xIFL = 22733.16
    13,185.2
    11.3 xIFL = 40775.36
    23,649.7
    25 xIFL = 90210.97
    52,322.4
    TRL3A Mechanical Damage Curve
    0.7 xIFL /Zpu =36084.39
    20,928.9

    Time(s)
    1800
    300
    60
    30
    10
    2
    2551Z(pu)2
    4.08
    2

    0.7 xIFL /Zpu =36084.39


    1 xIFL /Zpu =51549.13

    20,928.9
    29,898.5

    Table 5.3 Magnetizing Inrush point for TRM1


    Inrush Point
    Current (A)
    12xIFL,SEC =
    40163.49

    Time (S)
    0.1

    Table 5.4 Magnetizing Inrush point for TRL3A/B


    Inrush Point
    Current(A)
    12xIFL =43,301.27

    Time
    0.1

    The damage curve for TL1,TL2 and TL3 transformer feeder


    cable is based on ICEA P-32-382-1999 and IEEE STD 242-2001 and
    is calculated below and summarized in table 5.5 and 5.6.
    2

    ISC
    234.5 TF
    5
    A t 1.18x10 log10 234.5 Ti

    Where Isc is short circuit current (sym RMS)


    A conductor size in mm2
    t time in secs
    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 410

    TF is short circuit current Temperature rating (2500C for XLPE)


    Ti is the continuous current Temperature rating (900C to XLPE)
    Table 5.5 Damage curve for TL1 (5x630mm2 XLPE)
    Time
    (secs)
    0.1
    1
    10
    100
    1000

    ISC Current
    (A)
    4514580
    451458
    142763.55
    45145.8
    14276.35

    Table 5.6 Damage curve for TL2/TL3 (1x185mm2 XLPE)


    Time
    (secs)

    ISC Current
    (A)

    0.01
    1
    10
    100
    1000

    265142
    26514
    8384.5
    2651.4
    838.45

    5.2.2 Medium Voltage Motors TCC Landmark


    Motor

    starting

    curves

    represent

    the

    time-current

    characteristic at normal operating condition of the motor including


    the acceleration time, the locked rotor current and the normal full
    load current. The points for the medium voltage motors are
    summarized on tables 5.7 to 5.10.

    The running overload curve

    represents the stator thermal capability from rated full load current
    back to the current drawn at breakdown torque while the motor is
    running. A reduced stator insulation life will occur if the motor is
    operated beyond this region. The accelerating thermal limit curve
    (also called starting overload curve) represents the rotor thermal
    capability

    during

    acceleration

    from

    locked

    rotor

    up

    to

    the

    The ABCs of Overcurrent Coordination by THOMAS P. SMITH, P.E.

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 411

    breakdown torque for a specified terminal voltage. Both curves for


    all Medium voltage motors are shown in tables 5.11 to 5.18.
    Table 5.7 Starting Curve for KM5806
    Starting Curve
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    3000
    60.85
    1000
    60.85
    5
    60.85
    3
    60.85
    2.3
    60.85
    2.1
    231.21
    1
    265.47
    0.9
    266.82
    0.8
    267.72
    0.7
    268.80
    0.6
    0.5
    0.4
    0.3
    0.2
    0.01

    269.97
    271.06
    271.78
    272.41
    273.31
    273.31

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 412

    Table 5.8 Starting Curve for YM7601


    Starting Curve
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    3000
    485.89
    1000
    485.89
    5
    485.89
    4
    485.89
    3.5
    485.89
    3
    2325.20
    2
    2539.88
    1
    2628.22
    0.9
    2637.06
    0.8
    2642.36
    0.7
    0.6
    0.5
    0.4
    0.3
    0.2
    0.01

    2648.54
    2654.73
    2659.14
    2667.09
    2669.74
    2672.40
    2672.40

    Table 5.9 Starting Curve for KM8639


    Starting Curve
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    7000.00
    33.03
    100.00
    33.03
    5.50
    34.24
    5.45
    34.37
    5.40
    34.51
    5.35
    34.67
    5.30
    34.84
    5.25
    35.03
    5.20
    35.24
    5.15
    35.48
    5.10
    5.05
    5.00
    5.00
    4.98
    4.97
    4.96

    35.73
    36.02
    36.33
    163.49
    165.31
    167.13
    168.94

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 413

    4.94
    4.92
    4.88
    4.83
    4.76
    4.65
    4.50
    0.10
    0.01

    170.76
    172.58
    174.39
    176.21
    178.03
    179.84
    181.66
    181.66
    181.66

    Table 5.10 Starting Curve for KM8601


    Starting Curve
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    7000.00
    26.85
    100.00
    26.85
    5.50
    27.84
    5.45
    27.94
    5.40
    28.06
    5.35
    28.18
    5.30
    28.32
    5.25
    28.48
    5.20
    28.65
    5.15
    28.84
    5.10
    5.05
    5.00
    5.00
    4.96
    4.95
    4.94
    4.92
    4.89
    4.85
    4.79
    4.72
    4.63
    4.50
    0.10
    0.01

    29.05
    29.28
    29.54
    132.92
    134.40
    135.87
    137.35
    138.83
    140.31
    141.78
    143.26
    144.74
    146.21
    147.69
    147.69
    147.69

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 414

    Table 5.11 Running Overload Curve for KM5806


    Running OL (Cold)
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    7000
    77.25
    6000
    78.15
    5000
    79.60
    4000
    81.40
    3000
    83.56
    2000
    1000
    900
    800
    700
    600
    500
    400
    300
    200
    100

    87.71
    96.00
    97.44
    98.89
    101.23
    104.29
    107.54
    112.41
    118.72
    130.43
    155.85

    Table 5.12 Starting Overload Curve for KM5806


    Starting OL (Cold)
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    40
    212.73
    30
    249.24
    20
    303.60

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 415

    Table 5.13 Running Overload Curve for YM7601


    Running OL (Cold)
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    7000
    615.76
    6000
    633.42
    5000
    655.51
    4000
    681.13
    3000
    713.82
    2000
    764.17
    1000
    871.95
    900
    895.80
    800
    917.01
    700
    947.04
    600
    980.61
    500
    1024.79
    400
    1077.79
    300
    1157.30
    200
    1245.65
    100
    1387.00
    Table 5.14 Starting Overload Curve for YM7601
    Starting OL (Cold)
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    20
    1707.24
    10
    2256.30
    9
    2357.89
    8
    2436.52
    7
    2546.06
    6
    2674.16
    Table 5.15 Running Overload Curve for KM8639
    Running OL (Cold)
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    7000
    43.96
    6000
    44.56
    5000
    45.52
    4000
    46.72
    3000
    48.16
    2000
    50.92
    1000
    56.45
    900
    57.41
    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 416

    800
    700
    600
    500
    400
    300
    200
    100

    58.37
    59.93
    61.97
    64.14
    67.38
    71.58
    79.39
    96.32

    Table 5.16 Starting Overload Curve for KM8639


    Starting OL (Cold)
    Time (S)
    20
    10
    9
    8

    Current (A)
    116.05
    153.37
    160.28
    165.63

    Table 5.17 Running Overload Curve for KM8601


    Running OL (Cold)
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    7000
    35.73
    6000
    36.22
    5000
    37.00
    4000
    37.98
    3000
    39.15
    2000
    41.40
    1000
    45.89
    900
    46.67
    800
    47.45
    700
    48.72
    600
    50.38
    500
    52.14
    400
    54.77
    300
    58.19
    200
    64.54
    100
    78.30

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 417

    Table 5.18 Starting Overload Curve for KM8601


    Starting OL (Cold)
    Time (S)
    Current (A)
    20
    94.34
    10
    124.68
    9
    130.30
    8
    134.64
    Damage Curve points for MV motor feeders will base on the
    same

    philosophy

    as

    the

    transformer

    feeder

    cables and are

    summarized on tables
    Table 5.19 Damage curve for YM7601 Feeder (240mm2 XLPE)

    0.01
    1
    10

    ISC
    Current
    (A)
    343,968
    34,396.8
    10,877.2

    100
    1000

    3,439.68
    1,087.72

    Time
    (secs)

    Table 5.20 Damage curve for KM5806/KM8639/KM8601


    (185mm2 XLPE)
    Time
    (secs)

    ISC Current
    (A)

    0.01
    1
    10
    100
    1000

    265142
    26514
    8384.5
    2651.4
    838.45

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 418

    5.3 Protection Devices Tag


    5.4 Setting Calculations

    Chapter 5-Protective Device Coordination

    Page 419

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