Determination of Ultimate Pile Bearing Capacity From A Seismic Method of Shear Wave Velocity in Comparison With Conventional Methods
Determination of Ultimate Pile Bearing Capacity From A Seismic Method of Shear Wave Velocity in Comparison With Conventional Methods
Determination of Ultimate Pile Bearing Capacity From A Seismic Method of Shear Wave Velocity in Comparison With Conventional Methods
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Khairul Nayan
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Abstract
The seismic method in the ultimate bearing capacity of piles based on shear wave velocity measurement
is a new technique in geotechnical engineering design. In this study, the value of shear wave velocity, Vs
is being successfully used to formulate a theory to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of piles.
This theory is adapted from the ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundation proposed by Keceli.
Kecelis formula is adapted by equating the pile tip vertical resistance of the seismic formula to the end
bearing capacity of the pile tip for each layer. The sum of half the vertical resistance of each layer is then
equated to the total shaft resistance of the pile. The end tip is then added to the total shaft resistance to
give the total ultimate pile bearing capacity of the pile. This study was conducted at three sites, two sites
of residual soil located in Malaysia and one site of alluvial soil situated at Collierville, Tennessee, USA.
The results of the adapted seismic formula were compared with the static pile bearing capacities
calculated using conventional methods proposed by Meyerhof for the SPT-N values and the
Schmertmann, Bustamante and Gianeslli method for the SCPTu values. The percentage error in the
ultimate bearing capacity of the piles between the adapted seismic and the conventional methods for all
the sites were found to be -4.77%, -3.01% and -0.93% at Hulu Langat, Mutiara Damansara and
Collierville sites respectively.
Graphical abstract
1.0 INTRODUCTION
There are various conventional methods in the calculation and
evaluation of geotechnical bearing capacity of piles. Applications
of conventional methods incorporate the use of basic soil
parameters like friction angles and cohesion, vane shear, SPT-N,
100
Khairul Anuar Mohd Nayan et al. / Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences& Engineering) 74:3 (2015), 99102
= /1.5
= .
= 0.44 0.25
(1)
(2)
Where is the unit weight of the soil and is the depth to the
bottom surface of the foundation.
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
From Equation (6), the unit weight of soil is obtained from its
mass density using Keceli`s formula (Keceli, 2012)3 as given in
Equation (7). This equation is based on experimental shear wave
values given by:
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
The total shear resistance of the pile can then be equated to the
summation of the skin resistance for every segmental depth given
as:
101
= 1
Khairul Anuar Mohd Nayan et al. / Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences& Engineering) 74:3 (2015), 99102
()
2
(11)
(12)
3.0 METHODOLOGY
The first site was a residual soil site of meta-sedimentary origin
where a town hall is to be built at Hulu Langat, Selangor. The
second site is a proposed commercial building and basement car
park to be built at Nucleus Tower, Mutiara Damansara, Selangor
and the third site is a sewage treatment plant at Collierville,
Tennessee, USA.
Figure 5 Soil profiles of SPT-N and SASW test at Hulu Langat, Selangor
102
Khairul Anuar Mohd Nayan et al. / Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences& Engineering) 74:3 (2015), 99102
Site Location
Hulu Langat
Mutiara
Damansara
Collierville
2404.23
Average Error
Error
(%)
-4.77
-3.01
-0.93
-2.90
5.0 CONCLUSION
The performed seismic tests have shown that the shear wave
velocity profiles are strongly related to the ultimate pile bearing
capacities. This is substantiate in this study by the small
differences obtained between the ultimate pile bearing capacities
for the three sites where the average error was found to be 2.90%
which is less than 5% of the standard acceptance in the design of
conventional civil engineering structures. Further improvement
could be attained with further studies to be carried out in order to
explore the potential of the propose seismic method mentioned
herein in this paper.
Acknowledgements
No
1
2
Site
Location
Hulu Langat,
Selangor
Mutiara
Damansara,
Selangor
Collierville,
Tennessee
Pile
Length
(m)
Pile
Diameter
(m)
Conventional Method
11
1.2
Modified Meyerhof
(1976)10
11
1.2
Modified Meyerhof
(1976)10
11
1.2
Schmertmann (1978),
Bustamante and
Gianeslli(1982)5