CS 696 Mobile Phone Application Development

Fall Semester, 2009

Doc 4 Data
Sept 14, 2009
Copyright , All rights reserved. 2009 SDSU & Roger Whitney, 5500
Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-7700 USA. OpenContent (http://
www.opencontent.org/opl.shtml) license defines the copyright on this
document.

References
Google Android Documentation, http://code.google.com/android/documentation.html

Intent - Passing Data

IntentExample

PersonEditor

Displays/Edits age

Displays/Edits Name and age

Go button
Calls PersonEditor
Passes data
Name
Age

Done button
Returns edited data back
Age = 0 cancels edit

IntentExample.java
public class IntentExample extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
private EditText numberText;
private static final int INTENT_EXAMPLE_REQUEST = 123;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.intent);
Button ok = (Button) findViewById(R.id.go);
ok.setOnClickListener(this);
numberText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.number);
numberText.setText("21");
}

When we want a reply back from an Intent request we supply a request number. The request number is return with the answer.
That way it is possible to know where the request originated from.

IntentExample.Java continued
Sending the data to PersonEditor

public void onClick(View v) {

Intent go;
go = new Intent();
go.setAction("android.intent.action.EDIT");
go.addCategory("person_editor");
String newAge = numberText.getText().toString();
go.putExtra("age", newAge);
go.putExtra("name", "Roger");
startActivityForResult(go, INTENT_EXAMPLE_REQUEST);
}

The name was sent just to show we can send multiple items. They can be of any base type or serializable. See the putExtra
methods in the Intent class.

IntentExample.Java continued
Getting the Results back
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if (requestCode != INTENT_EXAMPLE_REQUEST) {
numberText.setText("Not from me");
return;
}
switch (resultCode) {
case RESULT_OK:
String editedAge = data.getStringExtra("age");
numberText.setText(editedAge);
break;
case RESULT_CANCELED:
numberText.setText("Cancelled");
break;
}
}
}
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When an activity is started after a return from a startActivityForResult request, the method onActivityResult is called. The
requestCode is the request code sent in the startActivityForResult method. The result code is the set by the called activity and is
RESULT_OK or RESULT_CANCELED by convention. The intent is used to send data back to this activity. RESULT_OK and
RESULT_CANCELED are constants defined in the Activity class.

PersonEditor.java
public class PersonEditor extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
private EditText ageText;
private EditText nameText;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.person_editor);
Button done = (Button) findViewById(R.id.edit_done);
done.setOnClickListener(this);
ageText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.edit_age);
nameText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.edit_name);
Bundle personData = getIntent().getExtras();
String age = personData.getString("age");
String name = personData.getString("name");
if ((age != null) && (name != null)) {
ageText.setText(age);
nameText.setText(name);
}
}
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Showing how to access the intent that started the activity and extracting the extras from the intent. If the key-value pair was
not set in the intent the value will be returned as null.

PersonEditor.java
Returning the data

public void onClick(View v) {

String newAge = ageText.getText().toString();
Intent result = getIntent();
result.putExtra("age", newAge);
if (newAge.equals("0"))
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED, result);
else
setResult(RESULT_OK, result);
finish();
}

setResult(int, Intent) returns information to the calling activity. The first parameter is the result code passed back in
onActivityResult. The intent is the intent passed back in onActivityResult.

AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="edu.sdsu.cs683.example" android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0.0">
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
<activity android:name=".IntentExample" android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>

<activity android:label="PersonEditor" android:name="PersonEditor">

<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.EDIT"></action>
<category android:name="person_editor"></category>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT">
</category>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>

The intent filter for the activity must contain all the categories used by the intent to select the activity. It can contain more
categories. The example does not work without the default category.

Data Storage

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Data Topics
Preferences
Files
SQLite database
Content Providers
Network

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Preferences
Key value pairs for program
Key - string
Value
boolean
float
int
long
string

getPreferences(int mode)
For access in activity only
getSharedPreferences(String name,int mode)
To share preferences with other activities
mode
0 = MODE_PRIVATE
MODE_WORLD_READABLE
MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE

Cannot share preferences across applications or threads

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Example
public class Calc extends Activity {
public static final String PREFS_NAME = "MyPrefsFile";
protected void onCreate(Bundle state){
super.onCreate(state);
SharedPreferences settings = getSharedPreferences(PREFS_NAME, 0);
boolean silent = settings.getBoolean("silentMode", false);
setSilent(silent);
}
protected void onStop(){
super.onStop();
SharedPreferences settings = getSharedPreferences(PREFS_NAME, 0);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = settings.edit();
editor.putBoolean("silentMode", mSilentMode);
editor.commit();
}
}
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Example from http://code.google.com/android/devel/data/preferences.html. See http://developer.android.com/reference/

android/app/Activity.html for an example of using getSharedPreferences()

Files
Application can write/read files on phone
Cannot directly read files written by other application
Write a file
FileOutputStream openFileOutput(String name, int mode)
Creates file if it does not exist
mode
0 = MODE_PRIVATE
MODE_APPEND
MODE_WORLD_READABLE
MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE
FileInputStream openFileInput(String name)
name can not contain path seperators

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Static files
You can package static files with your application
Place file in res/raw/<mydatafile>
Generates resource id in R
Read file using
Resources.openRawResource (R.raw.mydatafile)

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File Example

Saves data in local file

Uses local preference to store data

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FileExample Structure
public class FileExamples extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Button update = (Button) findViewById(R.id.update);
update.setOnClickListener(this);
restoreData();
}
public void onClick(View v) {
saveData();
}

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Getting Data from Files/Preference

private void restoreData() {

String fileContents = readFile();
EditText fileText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.file);
fileText.setText(fileContents);
EditText preferenceText = (EditText) this
.findViewById(R.id.localPreference);
SharedPreferences settings = getPreferences(MODE_PRIVATE);
preferenceText.setText(settings.getString("setting", "No value"));
}

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Read file
private String readFile() {
String fileContents;
try {
InputStream file = new BufferedInputStream(
openFileInput("dataFile"));
byte[] data = new byte[file.available()];
file.read(data, 0, file.available());
fileContents = new String(data);
file.close();
} catch (Exception noFile) {
fileContents = "empty";
}
return fileContents;
}

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Storing the Data

private void saveData() {
EditText fileText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.file);
String fileContents = fileText.getText().toString();
writeFile(fileContents);
EditText preferenceText = (EditText) this
.findViewById(R.id.localPreference);
String preferenceContents = preferenceText.getText().toString();
SharedPreferences settings = getPreferences(MODE_PRIVATE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = settings.edit();
editor.putString("setting", preferenceContents);
editor.commit();
}

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Writing a File

private void writeFile(String fileContents) {

try {
OutputStream file = new BufferedOutputStream(openFileOutput(
"dataFile", MODE_PRIVATE));
file.write(fileContents.getBytes());
file.close();
} catch (Exception noFile) {
}
}
}

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Database

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Database
SQLite
Embedded SQL database engine
Free
Source is in public domain
Transactions
File format is cross-platform
http://www.sqlite.org/index.html

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Key Android Database Classes

android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper
Database creation
Version management
Database access
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase
Create, delete, execute SQL commands
android.database.Cursor
Read-write access to the result set

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SQLiteOpenHelper
synchronized void close()
Close any open database object.
synchronized SQLiteDatabase getReadableDatabase()
Create and/or open a database.
synchronized SQLiteDatabase getWritableDatabase()
Create and/or open a database that will be used for reading and writing.
abstract void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db)
Called when the database is created for the first time.
void onOpen(SQLiteDatabase db)
Called when the database has been opened.
abstract void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion)
Called when the database needs to be upgraded.
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Android Databases
Accessable to all classes in an application
Can't access directly databases from other applications
Database errors are logged
Can connect to database on phone from shell
http://code.google.com/android/reference/adb.html#sqlite

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Example
Show
Creating database
Inserts
Update
Delete
Query

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DatabaseHelper
public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "name.db";
private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
}
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase nameDb) {
nameDb.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + "NAMES" + " ("
+ "_ID" + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,"
+ "NAME" + " TEXT"
+ ");");
nameDb.execSQL("INSERT INTO NAMES ( name) VALUES ('Roger' );");
}
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase arg0, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
}
}
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DatabaseExample.java - Main Class

public class DatabaseExample extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
private EditText databaseIdText;
private EditText nameText;
private DatabaseHelper namesHelper;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
int[] buttonIds = { R.id.delete, R.id.read, R.id.insert, R.id.update };
for (int id : buttonIds) {
Button button = (Button) findViewById(id);
button.setOnClickListener(this);
}
databaseIdText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.databaseId);
nameText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.name);
namesHelper = (new DatabaseHelper(this));
displayDatabaseRecord(1);
}
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DatabaseExample.java
private void displayDatabaseRecord(int id) {
displayDatabaseRecord(String.valueOf(id));
}
private void displayDatabaseRecord(String id) {
SQLiteDatabase nameDb = namesHelper.getWritableDatabase();
Cursor result = nameDb.rawQuery("select * from NAMES where _ID = ?",
new String[] { id });
int rowCount = result.getCount();
if (rowCount > 0) {
result.moveToFirst();
databaseIdText.setText(String.valueOf(result.getInt(0)));
nameText.setText(result.getString(1));
}
}

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DatabaseExample.java

private String getName() {

return nameText.getText().toString();
}
private String getId() {
return databaseIdText.getText().toString();
}

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DatabaseExample.java
public void onClick(View clicked) {
SQLiteDatabase db = namesHelper.getWritableDatabase();
switch (clicked.getId()) {
case R.id.read:
displayDatabaseRecord(getId());
break;
case R.id.delete:
db.delete("NAMES", "_ID = ?", new String[] { getId() });
break;

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onClick
case R.id.insert:
ContentValues newName = new ContentValues(1);
newName.put("NAME", getName());
db.insert("NAMES", null, newName);
break;
case R.id.update:
ContentValues updateName = new ContentValues(1);
updateName.put("NAME", getName());
db.update("NAMES", updateName, "_ID = ?", new String[] { getId() });
break;
}
}
}

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