BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD

CONTROL
PROJECT REPORT
(Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for B.Tech Degree Course in
Ammini college of Engineering of University of Calicut)

Submitted By
AGHILDEEPAK K.S
ARJUN N
HAMZA O
MANJUNATH R
VENUGOPALAN E
GUIDE
Ms. Sreelakshmi C.S

DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRCAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
KANNAMPARIYARAM, MANKARA(PO), PALAKKAD - 678 613
OCTOBER 2015
AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to express our deep sense of gratitude to our beloved ChairmanSri. K.G
Madhu and all trust members of Ammini College of Engineering for providing all the necessary
facilities to carry out our project work successfully. We express our sincere thanks to the
principal Dr. P.R Chandrasekhar for his support. We express our gratitude toMr.
Krishnakumar K,Head of the Department, department of Electrical and Electronics engineering
for his encouragement and timely advice that made us to carry out

the project

work

successfully.We would like to express our sincere appreciation to our guide, Ms.Sreelakshmi
C.S,Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics engineering for the support
and guidance she has extended to us in the completion of first phase of the main project work.
We also extend our sincere thanks to the faculty and staff members for their valuable suggestions
and help throughout the first phase of the work. Besides these we would like to express our
sincere gratitude to friends and family for their constructive support towards the successful
completion of first phase work. Thanks to Almighty.

AGHILDEEPAK K.S
ARJUN N
HAMZA O
MANJUNATH R
VENUGOPALAN E

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

ABSTRACT
Here we design a complete automated, secured system which is suitable for both high
level and low level applications. Here the entrance door will open for authorized person only. A
finger print module which is interfaced with a microcontroller is used to check the
authentication. This type of bio-identification doubles the secure level of system. The program
loaded in the microcontroller matches the finger print readings and the motor for door open/close
works if the person is authorized.
RTC chip is interfaced to microcontroller for programmable load controlling feature. We
can set the ON/OFF times of LOAD 4 by using keypad. Then the program loaded in
microcontroller continuously checks the set time with RTC time and the LOAD will turn on and
off automatically when the time is match.
A Bluetooth module also interfaced with the microcontroller to receive the signals from
android smart phone. We can control (ON/OFF) the LOAD 1, LOAD 2 and LOAD 3 from an
android app via Bluetooth communication.
An LCD display shows the status of loads and the door for our reference.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

i

CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

iii

LIST OF TABLES

iv

ABBREVIATIONS

CHAPTER NO:

TITLE:

PAGE NO:

1. INTRODUCTION

2. LITERATURE SURVEY

3. PROJECT DETAILS

3.1 Block Diagram

3.2 Block Diagram Description

4. HARDWARE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 Hardware Description

4.1.1 Microcontroller

4.1.2 Finger Print Module

4.1.3 Motor Driver Unit

11

4.1.3.1. Dc Motor

11

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

ii
CHAPTER NO:

TITLE:

PAGE NO:

4.1.3.2 L293d Driver IC

12

4.1.4 Display Unit

13

4.1.5 RTC

17

4.1.6 Bluetooth Module

22

4.1.7 Relay

25

4.1.8 Android Phone with Application

27

4.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

28

4.2.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

29

4.3 COMPONENTS USED

30

5. FLOW CHART

31

6. CONCLUSION

33

REFERENCE

34

APPENDIX

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

iii

LIST OF FIGURES
FIG NO:

TITLE

PAGE NO:

3.1

Block Diagram

4.1.1

PIC IC Pin Diagram

4.1.2

Finger Print Module

4.1.3(A)

DC Motor

11

4.1.3(B)

Motor Driver IC

12

4.1.3(C)

Motor Driver Unit Circuit Diagram

13

4.1.4.1

LCD Display

14

4.1.4.2

LCD-Pin out

15

4.1.5.1

RTC

18

4.1.5.2

RTC Circuit

20

4.1.6.1

Bluetooth Module

23

4.1.6.2

Block diagram of Bluetooth interfacing with pic microcontroller 24

4.1.7.1

Relay

25

4.1.7.2

Relay Module Circuit

26

4.2

Circuit Diagram

28

Flow chart

31

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

iv

LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO:

4.3

TITLE

Components used

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

PAGE NO:

30

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

v

ABBREVIATIONS

Acronyms

Description

PIC

Peripheral Interrupt Controller

LCD

Liquid Crystal Display

IC

Integrated Circuit

EEPROM

Electrically Erasable Programmable Read

Only Memory

DC

Direct Current

RTC

Real Time Clock

ALU

Arithmetic And Logic Unit

RAM

Random Access Memory

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

1 .INTRODUCTION

Home automation is automation of the home, housework or household activity.

Home automation may include centralized control of lighting, home appliances, and other
systems, to provide improved convenience, comfort, energy efficiency and security. The concept
of home automation has been around for a long time and products have been on the market for
decades, though no one solution has broken through to the mainstream yet. Home automation for
the elderly and disabled can provide increased quality of life for persons who might otherwise
require caregivers or institutional care. It can also provide a remote interface to home appliances
or the automation system itself, via telephone line, wireless transmission or the internet, to
provide control and monitoring via a smart phone or web browser. This paper will describe the
approach which we are implementing to control various home appliances with Android smart
phone.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

2. LITERATURE SURVEY

As per our survey currently there exists no system at cheaper rates. Various systems
are hard to install, difficult to use and maintain. Current systems are generally proprietary and
closed, not very customizable by the end user. N. Sriskanthan [1] explained the model for home
automation using bluetooth via PC. But unfortunately the system lacks to support mobile
technology. Muhammad Izhar Ramli [2] designed a prototype electrical device control system
using Web. They also set the server with auto restart if the server condition is currently down.
Hasan [5] has developed a telephone and PIC remote controlled device for controlling the
devices pin check algorithm has been introduced where it was with cable network but not
wireless communication. Pradeep G [4] proposed home automation system by using bluetooth
which saves lot of power and time using mechanism to save the preloaded list by not making it to
setup connection all the time when required. Al-Ali and Al-Rousan [3] presented a design and
implementation of a Java-based automation system through World Wide Web. It had a
standalone embedded system board integrated into a PC-based server at home. Amul Jadhav [6]
developed an application in a universal XML format which can be easily ported to any other
mobile devices rather than targeting a single platform.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

3. PROJECT DETAILS

3.1. BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig 3.1 Block diagram

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

3.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

Above shown in the fig 3.1 the block diagram of project. It consist of following parts

Microcontroller: Microcontroller here used is PIC. Every microcontroller have in ram,

inbuilt memory, ALU unit, comparator and timers. Which can use for our project for like
brain of our circuit. The microcontroller is the heart of our circuit which will work according
to our program. The microcontroller can communicate with android application.

Finger Print module: Every human have different finger prints the can be used for the
identification of the person. Here in our project we use a biometric finger print sensor.
Which identify the finger print of the person.

RTC : Real Time Clock, The microcontroller can only know the time when the circuit is
switched on and doesn't known about the actual time , AM or PM, Day , Month etc. By
using RTC it gives the detail about time.

Bluetooth module: In our project we need to communicate with the android phone as for this
we use this Bluetooth module. The Bluetooth can use for short distance communication. The
Bluetooth module is interfaced with the microcontroller to receive the signals from android
smart phone. In the Bluetooth module which can transmits or receive data, the data are given
to the microcontroller and vice versa

Motor driver: The door must open and closed using a motor and this motor cant be
controlled directly from the microcontroller. Because the microcontroller is a low power
device so we use motor driver IC.

LCD Display: As for the monitoring of the working of overall circuit we use this display. It
will show the status of different load and the status of the door for our reference.

LOADs: In our project we plan to control domestic load. We can control (ON/OFF) of the
LOAD 1, LOAD 2 and LOAD 3 from an android app via Bluetooth communication. Also we
can control heavy loads with real time.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

4. HARDWARE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
4.1.1 MICROCONTROLLER
Here in this project we usePIC16f877A microcontroller. It has the name Peripheral
Interface Controller. The PIC uses the Harvard architecture. The 16F87X series micro controller
contains flash memory. Harvard architecture has the program and data memory as separate
memories and is accessed from separate buses; this improves speed over the traditional Von
Neumann architecture in which the program and data are fetched from the same memory using
the same bus.

Fig.4.1.1 PIN DIAGRAM

PIC 16F877A is one of the most advanced microcontroller from Microchip. This
controller is widely used for experimental and modern applications because of its low price, wide

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

range of applications, high quality, and ease of availability. It is ideal for applications such as
machine control applications, measurement devices, study purpose, and so on. The PIC 16F877
features all the components which modern microcontrollers normally have.
Features of PIC16F877A
The PIC16FXX series has more advanced and developed features when compared to
its previous series. The important features of PIC16F877A series is given below.

High performance RISC CPU.

ONLY 35 simple word instructions.

All single cycle instructions except for program branches which are two cycles.

Operating speed: clock input (200MHz), instruction cycle (200nS).

Up to 3688bit of RAM (data memory), 2568 of EEPROM (data memory), 8k14 of

flash memory.

Pin out compatible to PIC 16C74B, PIC 16C76, PIC 16C77.

Eight level deep hardware stack.

Interrupt capability (up to 14 sources).

Different types of addressing modes (direct, Indirect, relative addressing modes).

Power on Reset (POR).

Power-Up Timer (PWRT) and oscillator start-up timer.

Low power- high speed CMOS flash/EEPROM.

Fully static design.

Wide operating voltage range (2.0 5.56)volts.

High sink/source current (25mA).

Commercial, industrial and extended temperature ranges.

Low power consumption (<0.6mA typical @3v-4MHz, 20A typical @3v-32MHz and
<1 A typical standby).

Peripheral Features

Timer 0: 8 bit timer/counter with pre-scalar.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

Timer 1:16 bit timer/counter with pre-scalar.

Timer 2: 8 bit timer/counter with 8 bit period registers with pre-scalar and post-scalar.

Two Capture (16bit/12.5nS), Compare (16 bit/200nS), Pulse Width Modules (10bit).

10bit multi-channel A/D converter

Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) with SPI (master code) and I2C (master/slave).

Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART) with 9 bit address

detection.

Parallel Slave Port (PSP) 8 bit wide with external RD, WR and CS controls (40/46pin).

Brown Out circuitry for Brown-Out Reset (BOR).

Key Features

Maximum operating frequency is 20MHz.

Flash program memory (14 bit words), 8KB.

Data memory (bytes) is 368.

EEPROM data memory (bytes) is 256.

5 input/output ports.

3 timers.

2 CCP modules.

2 serial communication ports (MSSP, USART).

PSP parallel communication port

10bit A/D module (8 channels)

Analog Features

10bit, up to 8 channel A/D converter.

Brown out Reset function.

Analogue comparator module.

Special Features

100000 times erase/write cycle enhanced memory.

1000000 times erase/write cycle data EEPROM memory.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

Self-programmable under software control.

In-circuit serial programming and in-circuit debugging capability.

Single 5V,DC supply for circuit serial programming

WDT with its own RC oscillator for reliable operation.

Programmable code protection.

Power saving sleep modes.

4.1.2 Fingerprint Module

Biometric identification from a print made by an impression of the ridges in the skin
of a finger is often used as evidence in criminal investigations. Yes, now we can use the same
biometric identification technique to build our own projects with the help of readily-available
Fingerprint Identification Modules. This is an optical biometric fingerprint reader/sensor (R305)
module with TTL UART interface for direct connections to a microcontroller UART. The user
can store the finger print data in the module and can configure it in 1:1 or 1: N mode for
identifying the person. This module can directly interface with any 3.3V or 5V microcontrollers,
but a suitable level converter/serial adapter is required for interfacing with the serial port of a PC.

Fig 4.1.2

The module itself does all complex tasks behind reading and identifying the
fingerprints with an on-board optical sensor and fingerprint algorithm. All we need to do is send
it simple commands, and the fingerprint scanner can store different fingerprints.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

The database of prints can even be downloaded from the unit and distributed to other modules.
As well as the fingerprint template, the analysed version of the print, you can also retrieve the
image of a fingerprint and even pull raw images from the optical sensor.
Although a number of fingerprint reader/sensor modules with slight variations are
available now, most have a 4-pin external connection interface. By way of the serial interface,
fingerprint reader/sensor module can communicate with a microcontroller (uC) runs on of 3.3V
or 5V power supply. TX/TD pin of the module connects with RXD (RX-IN pin of the uC), and
RX/RD pin connects with TXD (TX-OUT pin of the uC). The fingerprint sensor is a board that
can read different fingerprints and store in its own flash memory. The sensor can perform three
functions namely Add (Enroll), Empty Database or Search Database and return the ID of stored
fingerprint.
Any of three functions can be called simply by making the pin low of the sensor or pressing
onboard three switches. The response is either error or ok which is indicated by onboard LED.
The response is also returned as single serial data byte. The return byte is a valid ID or error
code. The response byte is a single byte at 9600 bps thus making whole sensor very easy to use.
We have provided indicating LEDs and function switch already so its ready to use when you
receive it. Just give power and start using the sensor using onboard switches. Then you can move
on making external application using these functions.
Features

Easy to use

Status LEDs

Function Switches

Single byte response

Works at 5V

UART 9600bps response

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

10

Types of function
There are namely three functions you can call for the fingerprint sensor. We will see each in
brief.
Add (Enroll) Function: Ads a fingerprint to database and return a byte of newly added ID.
Return values are from 0x00 to 0xFE. In case of error like no finger placed, return code is 0xFF.
Here 0xFF means error executing function
Search Function: When a finger is put and search function is called, it returns a matching ID if
found in its existing memory. Return values are from 0x00 to 0xFE. In case of error like no
finger placed, return code is 0xFF. Here 0xFF means error executing function.
Empty Function: When you wish to empty all fingerprint data stored on sensor you can use this
function. After executing this function, you will get 0xCC as OK or 0xFF in case of error.
Biometric identification from a print made by an impression of the ridges in the skin of a
finger is often used as evidence in criminal investigations. Now we can use the same biometric
identification technique to build our project.
This is an optical biometric fingerprint reader/sensor (R305) module with TTL UART
interface for direct connections to a microcontroller UART. The user can store the finger print
data in the module and can configure it in 1:1 or 1: N mode for identifying the person. This
module can directly interface with any 3.3V or 5V microcontrollers, but a suitable level
converter/serial adapter is required for interfacing with the serial port of a PC.
Working Principle
Fingerprint processing includes two parts, fingerprint enrollment and fingerprint
matching (the matching can be 1:1 or 1:N). When enrolling, user needs to enter the finger two
times. The system will process the two time finger images, generate a template of the finger
based on processing results and store the template. When matching, user enters the finger
through optical sensor and system will generate a template of the finger and compare it with
templates of the finger library.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

11

For 1:1 matching, system will compare the live finger with specific template designated in the
Module; for 1:N matching, or searching, system will search the whole finger library for the
matching finger. In both circumstances, system will return the matching result, success or failure.
Hardware interface
The module itself does all complex tasks behind reading and identifying the fingerprints with an
on-board optical sensor and fingerprint algorithm. All you need to do is send it simple
commands, and the fingerprint scanner can store different fingerprints.
The database of prints can even be downloaded from the unit and distributed to other modules.
As well as the fingerprint template, the analyzed version of the print, you can also retrieve the
image of a fingerprint and even pull raw images from the optical sensor.
Although a number of fingerprint reader/sensor modules with slight variations are available now,
most have a 4-pin external connection interface. By way of the serial interface, fingerprint
reader/sensor module can communicate with a microcontroller (uC) runs on of 3.3V or 5V power
supply. TX/TD pin of the module connects with RXD (RX-IN pin of the uC), and RX/RD pin
connects with TXD (TX-OUT pin of the uC).

4.1.3 MOTOR DRIVER UNIT

This unit consists of DC Motor and Driver IC.

4.1.3.1. DC MOTOR

Fig4.1.3 (a) DC MOTOR

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

12

A DC motor is any of a class of electrical machines that converts direct current

electrical power into mechanical power. The most common types rely on the forces produced by
magnetic fields. Nearly all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either
electromechanical or electronic; to periodically change the direction of current flow in part of the
motor. Most types produce rotary motion; a linear motor directly produces force and motion in a
straight line.

4.1.3.2 L293D DRIVER IC

L293D is a typical Motor driver or Motor Driver IC which allows DC motor to drive on either
direction. L293D is a 16-pin IC which can control a set of two DC motors simultaneously in any
direction. It means that you can control two DC motor with a single L293D IC.

Figure 4.1.3(b) L293D IC

The L293D can drive small and quiet big motors as well. It works on the concept of
H-bridge. H-bridge is a circuit which allows the voltage to be flown in either direction as voltage
need to change its direction for being able to rotate the motor in clockwise or anticlockwise
direction, Hence H-bridge IC are ideal for driving a DC motor. In a single L293D chip there two
h-Bridge circuit inside the IC which can rotate two DC motor independently.
There are 4 input pins for this L293D, pin 2,7 on the left and pin 15 ,10 on the right
as shown on the pin diagram. Left input pins will regulate the rotation of motor connected across
left side and right input for motor on the right hand side. The motors are rotated on the basis of
the inputs provided across the input pins as LOGIC 0 or LOGIC 1.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

13

Fig 4.1.3 (c) Circuit diagram for motor driving unit

The logic table is as given below

Pin 2 = Logic 1 and Pin 7 = Logic 0 | Clockwise Direction

Pin 2 = Logic 0 and Pin 7 = Logic 1 | Anticlockwise Direction

Pin 2 = Logic 0 and Pin 7 = Logic 0 | Idle [No rotation] [Hi- Impedance state]

Pin 2 = Logic 1 and Pin 7 = Logic 1 | Idle [No rotation]

4.1.4 LCD DISPLAY

LCDs are the materials, which combine both the properties of both liquids and
crystals. Rather than having melting points, they have a temp range within which the molecules
are almost as mobile as they would be in liquid, but are grouped together in an ordered form
similar to a crystal LCD would not generate light but scatter light. It consumes less power.
Recent LCDs are field effect LCDs. They are based on optical action of polarized light on
properly oriented liquid crystal. It consists of 2 glass panels within the liquid crystal material
sand witched between them. The inner surface of glass plates are coated with transparent
electrodes which defines the character, symbols or patterns to be displayed. The polymeric layers
AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

14

are present in between the electrodes and the liquid crystal which makes the liquid crystal
molecules to maintain a defined orientation angle. The polarizer would rotate the light rays
passing through them to a defined angle, in a particular direction.

Fig.4.1.4.1 LCD Display

When the LCD is in OFF state, the 2polarizers and the liquid crystals rotates the
light rays, such that the light rays come out the LCD without any orientation and hence the LCD
appears to be transparent. When sufficient light is applied to the electrodes, the liquid crystal
molecules would be aligned in specific direction. The light rays passing through the LCD would
be rotated by the polarizer which would result in activating/highlighting the desired character
.The LCDs are light weight with a few millimetre thickness. They are compatible with low
power electronic circuits. The LCD display used here is HD44780U dot matrix display. The
LCD is 5*7 matrix display. It is a 20*4 display. The data we are sending are put into Data
Display RAM. At power on the Data Display RAM is empty. After that the data is displayed.
The maximum size of DDRAM is 80 bytes. There are two rows each of 40 bytes. But at a
particular time 16 at top and 16 at bottom can be displayed. There is a pointer (address counter).
If RS=1, then it is a data. If RS=0, then it is a command. Then the controller processes it. After
each command or data send to LCD it takes some time for execution. During this time the LCD
wont take any data. There is a busy signal given by the LCD. Busy signal is MSB of the data
bus. So the user has to call the data bus to see that busy is low before sending next data. For
reliable Performance LCD has to be initialized. At power on microcontroller sends some
commands to LCD for proper initialization.LCD accepts any command or data only if it is
enabled. The EN signal has to be made high and then send data or command and then disable it.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

15

A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel display, electronic visual display, or

video display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals do not
emit light directly. Here, in this we're going to use a monochromatic 20x4 alphanumeric LCD.
20x4 means that 20 characters can be displayed in each of the 4 rows of the 20x4 LCD, thus a
total of 80 characters can be displayed at any instance of time.LCD is a passive component that
is it does not make any light but just modifies the light passing through it for alphanumeric
displays. LCD is exclusively manufactured to be used with microcontrollers, which means that it
cannot be triggered by usual IC circuits. This embedded program shows how to connect PIC to
LCD display module with microcontroller programming. Here 204 LCD interfaces with the
PIC microcontroller. This type of LCD screen can display 4 lines with 20 characters each. Every
character consists of 58 or 511 dot matrix. It can display all the letters of alphabet, Greek
alphabet, mathematical symbols, punctuation marks etc. It is also likely to display symbols
prepared by the user. Other positive features consist of automatic message shift (left and right),
cursor appearance, LED back light etc. Interfacing LCD to microcontroller is quite simple
program for beginners and easy to understand.

PIN Description of LDC display module

Fig.4.1.4.2 LCD-Pin out

20x4 - 2 line with 20 characters in each

5x7

8 data/command lines

3 control lines [ RS(Register select) , WR(Write/Read), EN(Enable) ]

1 Supply (VDD) -5V

- each character resolution (pixel matrix 5 rows and 7 columns)

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

16

1 Ground (VSS)

1 Contrast adjusts Pin (VEE) . We can vary contrast via a variable resistor in this pin.

Back light Pin (LED+ & LED-)

Important PINs
EN Enable:
This control line is used to inform the LCD that you are sending in data. To send data to the
LCD, put data on the data bus, then make EN high (1) and wait a little bit and end by bringing
EN to low (0) again.
RS Register Select: When RS is low (0), the information in the DB0 to DB7 pins are to be
considered as an instruction (command- such as Clear screen, Display set, etc.). When RS is high
(1), the information in the DB0 to DB7 pins are to be considered valid text data to print on the
LCD screen. For example, to display the letter i on the screen you should set RS= high.
RW Read/Write: When RW is low (0), the information on the data bus is written to the LCD
module.
DB0 to DB7: Data bus lines of LCD display.
LED+, LED: Used for enabling back light on the screen. If you dont want the back light you
can leave it unconnected.
RW (Read/Write) pin grounded because we are writing to LCD display. (For writing
RW=0; For reading RW=1;)
Enable (EN) pin need a HIGH to LOW transition in order to transfer data or command
from PIC to LCD module.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

17

4.1.5 Real Time clock (DS 1307)

A real time clock is basically just like a watch - it runs on a battery and keeps time
for you even when there is a power outage! Using an RTC, you can keep track of long timelines,
even if you reprogram your microcontroller or disconnect it from USB or a power plug.
Most microcontrollers, have a built-in timekeeper called millis() and there are also timers
built into the chip that can keep track of longer time periods like minutes or days. So why would
you want to have a separate RTC chip? Well, the biggest reason is that millis() only keeps track
of time since the microcontroller was last powered . That means that when the power is turned
on, the millisecond timer is set back to 0. The microcontroller doesn't know that it's 'Tuesday' or
'March 8th', all it can tell is 'It's been 14,000 milliseconds since I was last turned on'.
So what if we wanted to set the time on the microcontroller; we have to program in the
date and time and you could have it count from that point on. But if it lost power, you'd have to
reset the time. Much like very cheap alarm clocks: every time they lose power they blink 12:00
While this sort of basic timekeeping is OK for some projects, some projects such as dataloggers, clocks, etc will need to have consistent timekeeping that doesn't reset or is
reprogrammed. Thus, we include a separate RTC! The RTC chip is a specialized chip that just
keeps track of time. It can count leap-years and knows how many days are in a month, but it
doesn't take care of Daylight Savings Time (because it changes from place to place)
Features

Low Power Operation Extends Battery Backup Run Time

Consumes Less than 500nA in Battery-Backup Mode with Oscillator Running

Automatic Power-Fail Detect and Switch Circuitry

8-Pin DIP and 8-Pin SO Minimizes Required Space

Optional Industrial Temperature Range: -40C to +85C Supports Operation in a Wide

Range of Applications.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

18

This module has the integrated time keeping system using a crystal oscillator. So the
timing is accurate with multiple applications. This module also has a battery backup with which
the module can keep track of the time even when the PIC is programmed or turned off. Lets start
off with the stuff you will learn and the applications of this module.
Apart from the PIC the DS1307 Integrated Circuit is the core of this project since it acts
as the timekeeper and tells the PIC when it should leave the appliance on. The DS 1307 is
specifically designed for timekeeping; the time is fairly accurate with an error (time drift) of
about 1 minute per month. If u want to eliminate this u can go for the DS3234 which has a time
drift of only 1 minute per year. For our particular application we can settle for the DS1307 itself.
The beauty of the DS1307 is that it has this backup coin cell. This Coin Cell is commonly
the CR2032. This battery is more than enough for the IC since the DS1307 has a fairly low
power consumption the backup battery life of the cell is about a minimum of 9 years of usage.
. The DS 1307 communicates with the PIC using IC communication. Simply put the chip sends
data in decimal form such that each decimal form is 4 bits of binary data also known as Binary
Coded Decimal System.
Pins:

Fig 4.1.5.1 RTC

5V Pin: When this pin is high then the ds1307 sends the data and when it is low it runs on the
backup button cell.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

19

GND: This is the ground pin for the module. Both the ground of the battery and the power
supply are tied together.
SCL: It is the i2c clock pin - Which communicates with the RTC.
SDA: It is the i2c data pin - Which communicates with the RTC.
RTC Module circuit
DS1307 is a low power serial real time clock with full binary coded decimal (BCD)
clock/calendar plus 56 bytes of NV SRAM (Non Volatile Static Random Access Memory). Data
and Address are transferred serially through a bidirectional I2C bus. The RTC provides year,
month, date, hour, minute and second information. The end date of months is automatically
adjusted for months fewer than 31 days including leap year compensation up to year 2100. It can
operate either in 24-hour format or 12-hour format with AM/PM indicator. DS1307 comes with
built-in power sensing circuit which senses power failures and automatically switches to back up
supply. The DS1307 RTC uses an external 32.768kHz Crystal Oscillator and it does not requires
any external resistors or capacitors to operate.
The design of Pull Up Resistors is depends on, The rise time of SCL and SDA voltages
will depend up on the value of pull up resistor and I2C bus capacitance. Thus pull up resistor
should be selected according to the I2C bus frequency being used and the higher value of pull up
resistor is limited by the rise time and the lower vale of pull up resistor is limited by the drive
strength (IOL max) of the SDA and SCL drivers. If the pull up resistor is very low, the SCL and
SDA outputs might not be establish enough low voltage.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

20

Fig 4.1.5.2 RTC Circuit

The main circuit elements are

DS1307

8 Pin IC Socket

Coin cell Battery Holder.

3v Maxel Coin cell battery

32.768kHz Crystal

2nos 10K Resistor

As per the circuit diagram insert the components in to PCB and make the module
Operations
Here we use IC communication. IC (Read as i-squared cee; Inter-Integrated Circuit) is
a multi-master serial single-ended computer bus invented by Philips, used to attach low-speed
peripherals to a embedded system, cell phone, motherboard, or other electronic device and is
generally referred to as two-wire interface. It consists of two wires called SCL and SDA. SCL
is the clock line which is used to synchronies all the data transfers through I2C bus and SDA is

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

21

the data line. It also need a third line as reference line (ground or 0 volt). A 5v power should be
also be given to the device for its working. The main thing to be noted is that both SCL and SDA
are Open Drain drives. This means that the chip can drive its low output but cant drive high
output. Thus we must provide two pull up resistors to 5v for SCL and SDA, to make it to drive
high output
Start Clock
This can be used to start up the clock and it will start ticking from the time when it was
stopped. This command should be used when first using the module in-order to start the module.
Stop Clock:
With this line the module can be paused and clock wont tick until the start command is
given. It is used with the start clock command to control the module's state.
Read Clock:
After the clock is turned on using the Start command. You need to read the data from the
RTC module. This is done by the read Clock function. This function is essential before the latter
commands can be used.
Reading the time:
For reading first we need to store the individual values in integers. We create integers for
holding the values. The get Day of Week function give the day it is in the week. With the first
day being Monday and the last is Sunday. Note that this method is very inefficient when
compared to the code in the previous steps but this will help you understand the working of the
various functions in the library.
Writing the time:
So these are the commands for setting the time for the Module. As you can see i have set the
time for 4:35:14 PM with the date as 9/6/14. Apart from these commands there is the set24h

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

22

command which directly sets the clock into 24hour mode and set AM and PM for setting it into
12hour mode. The set Day of Week is used to set the day.

4.1.6 Bluetooth Module

Bluetooth is a type of wireless communication protocol used to send and receive date
between two devices. It is free to use wireless communication protocol. Although its range it
lower than other wireless communication protocols like WiFi and ZigBee. But it is still suitable
for many low range applications. Bluetooth wireless protocol lies in the same range of frequency
of WiFi and ZigBee. It operates on 2.41 GHz frequency.
Bluetooth module is work as master or slave. There are many Bluetooth modules available in
market which is either master/slave or both. Master Bluetooth module can send or receive data
from other Bluetooth modules. But slave Bluetooth can only listen to master Bluetooth module.
It depends on your application which Bluetooth module you need for your project.
Bluetooth module selection depends on, The Maximum power output of Bluetooth module.
There are three classes of Bluetooth modules exist. Power output range of all three class are
class 1 : 100 mW class 2 : 2.5 mW class 3 : 1 mW
The next is Distance between two Bluetooth devices receiver and transmitter According to range
of Bluetooth devices, there are also three classes of Bluetooth modules, class 1 : 100 meter, class
2 : 10 meter, class 3 : 10 centimeter
The next factor is Mode of communication you want to use Bluetooth modules need
communication protocols to interface with other devices. Here we use USART communication.
HC-05 module is an easy to use Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol) module, designed
for transparent wireless serial connection setup. Serial port Bluetooth module is fully qualified
Bluetooth V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps Modulation with complete 2.4GHz radio
transceiver and baseband. It uses CSR Blue core 04-External single chip Bluetooth system with
CMOS technology and with AFH (Adaptive Frequency Hopping Feature). It has the footprint as
small as 12.7mmx27mm. Hope it will simplify your overall design/development cycle.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

23

Fig 4.1.6.1 Bluetooth module

The remote unit can be powered from 3.3V up to 6V for easy battery attachment. All
signal pins on the remote unit are 3V-6V tolerant. No level shifting is required. Do not attach this
device directly to a serial port.

Class-2 Bluetooth module with Serial Port Profile, which can configure as either Master or
slave.

Full Speed Bluetooth Operation with Full Piconet Support and Scatternet Support

Incredible small size with 3.3V input

UART interface and with baud rate setup function

Support for 8Mbit External Flash Onboard

Support for 802.11Co-Existence

Frequency: 2.4GHz ISM band

Modulation: GFSK(Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)

Emission power: 4dBm, Class 2

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

24

Sensitivity: -84dBm at 0.1% BER

Speed: Asynchronous: 2.1Mbps(Max) / 160 kbps, Synchronous: 1Mbps/1Mbps

Security: Authentication and encryption

Profiles: Bluetooth serial port

Power supply: 3.3VDC 50mA

Working temperature: -20 ~ 75Centigrade

Dimension: 26.9mm x 13mm x 2.2 mm

Communication between Bluetooth and PIC

Fig 4.1.6.2 Block diagram of Bluetooth interfacing with pic microcontroller

The Bluetooth module has two PIN, Tx and Rx. Here Tx is used to receive the data .In
this project we not receive and data from PIC, So leave as open. The other is Rx which uses to
send data from Bluetooth to PIC. Which is serial communication so which is connected through
relay as multiplexing.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

25

4.1.7 RELAY Module

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to
mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state
relays. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with
complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits
must be controlled by one signal.
A type of relay that can handle the high power required to directly control an electric
motor or other loads is called as contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits with no
moving parts, instead using a semiconductor device to perform switching. Relays with calibrated
operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical
circuits from overload or faults; in modern electric power systems these functions are performed
by digital instruments still called "protective relays"

Fig: 4.1.7.1 Relay

Small "cradle" relay often used in electronics. The "cradle" term refers to the shape of the relay's
armature. A simple electromagnetic relay consists of a coil of wire wrapped around a soft iron
core, an iron yoke which provides a low reluctance path for magnetic flux, a movable iron
armature, and one or more sets of contacts (there are two in the relay pictured). The armature is
hinged to the yoke and mechanically linked to one or more sets of moving contacts. It is held in
place by a spring so that when the relay is de-energized there is an air gap in the magnetic circuit.
In this condition, one of the two sets of contacts in the relay pictured is closed, and the other set
is open. Other relays may have more or fewer sets of contacts depending on their function. The
relay in the picture also has a wire connecting the armature to the yoke. This ensures continuity
AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

26

of the circuit between the moving contacts on the armature, and the circuit track on the printed
circuit board (PCB) via the yoke, which is soldered to the PCB.
When an electric current is passed through the coil it generates a magnetic field that
activates the armature and the consequent movement of the movable contact either makes or
breaks (depending upon construction) a connection with a fixed contact. If the set of contacts
was closed when the relay was de-energized, then the movement opens the contacts and breaks
the connection, and vice versa if the contacts were open. When the current to the coil
Reed relays can switch faster than larger relays and require very little power from the
control circuit. However, they have relatively low switching current and voltage ratings. Though
rare, the reeds can become magnetized over time, which makes them stick 'on' even when no
current is present; changing the orientation of the reeds with respect to the solenoid's magnetic
field can resolve this problem.

Fig: 4.1.7.2 Relay Module Circuit

The relay cannot control directly from the microcontroller due to power limitations. The
maximum current from PIC from one pin is 40mA. As for this a transistor is connected in
between this so that when a logic high come to the base of the transistor, a current will start
flowing from collector to emitter since it is an NPN transistor. When the transistor gets on the

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

27

relay coil gets energised and relay will operate. A resister is connected because to limit the
current flow below 40mA.Here the LED is used for the indication.

4.1.8 ANDROID PHONE WITH APPLICATION

For this home automation and security system we are targeting Android platform
since it has huge market and open source. Android is a software stack for mobile devices that
includes an operating system, middleware and key applications. The Android OS is based on
Linux. Android Applications are made in a Java-like language running on a virtual machine
called Dalvik created by Google. The Android SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to
begin developing applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language.
Accessory mode is a feature of Android OS since version 2.3.4 Gingerbread and 3.1 Honeycomb
and above.Here in our project we edited on Bluetooth controller app and moded to perform the
load control operation, it is done by replacing some icons.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

28

4.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

As per the block diagram we designed circuit diagram using porteus as shown below

16
2
7
1

IN1
IN2
EN1

U4

VSS

C0

3
6

VS OUT1
OUT2

C1
9
10
15

EN2
IN3
IN4

OUT3
GND OUT4

GND

11
14

C2

L293D

C3

R16
2.3k

Q1

5v

BC547
12 V

C4
LCD2
LM016L

C1

230 V

U2

R1
10k

8
9
10
1

RA0/AN0
RA1/AN1
RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF
RA3/AN3/VREF+
RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT
RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RE0/AN5/RD
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
RE1/AN6/WR
RC2/CCP1
RE2/AN7/CS
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC4/SDI/SDA
MCLR/Vpp/THV
RC5/SDO
RC6/TX/CK
RC7/RX/DT
RD0/PSP0
RD1/PSP1
RD2/PSP2
RD3/PSP3
RD4/PSP4
RD5/PSP5
RD6/PSP6
RD7/PSP7

RESET

U4
6
5

12V

R11

5v

15
16
17
18
23
24
25
26

R14
2.3k

Q1
BC547
12 V

19
20
21
22
27
28
29
30

230 V

RL1

12V

R15

PIC16F877A

SCL
SDA

X1

LOAD 1

10k
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7

22pF

2
3
4
5
6
7

RS
RW
E

CRYSTAL

RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3/PGM
RB4
RB5
RB6/PGC
RB7/PGD

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

C2

RL1

OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT

VSS
VDD
VEE

X1

33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

4
5
6

13
14

1
2
3

22pF

LOAD 2

10k

X2
7

CRYSTAL 32 khz

SOUT

VBAT X2

BAT1

DS1307

1.5V

FINGER PRINT

R14
2.3k

RXD

R14

2.3k

TXD

Q1
BC547

RTS

Q1

12 V

BC547

CTS

230 V
A

RL1
RL1

12V

BLUETOOTH
12V

R15
10k

RXD

LOAD 3

TXD
RTS
CTS

R14

2.3k

Q1
BC547
12 V

230 V

12v DC

RL1

12V

R15
10k

motor

D1
DIODE

VI

TR1

DIODE

TRAN-2P2S

D4

DIODE

DIODE

GND
VO

D2

12 v AC

230 v AC

U2
7805

D3

1000u

5v DC

C4

Fig: 4.2 Circuit diagram

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

29

4.2.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM DISCRIPTION

The circuit in the fig 4.2 is explained as: Here we have designed a complete automated,
secured system. The main part of the circuit is the microcontroller. Firstly the programs will
written on the computer using embedded C then it will converted in to HEXA file and then the
program willdownloaded to the microcontroller using PIC flasher. Now the microcontroller
knows how to respond. The LCD display is connected to the microcontroller. The
microcontroller is also loaded with the LCD display program so the microcontroller can show the
current status of the circuit.
Next is security system it includes two part one is fingerprint module and the other door
open/close system, firstly fingerprint module, Fingerprint processing includes two parts,
fingerprint enrolment and fingerprint matching (the matching can be 1:1 or 1:N. When enrolling,
user needs to enter the finger two times. The system will process the two time finger images,
generate a template of the finger based on processing results and store the template. While
matching, user enters the finger through optical sensor and system will generate a template of the
finger and compare it with templates of the finger library. Second part of security system is door
open/close system, according to the program if the authorised person were detected the
microcontroller will give two bit binary to the motor driving IC. Then the motor drive the motor
forward or backward according to the two bit binary.
The Bluetooth module is connected to the microcontroller, the microcontroller known to
how to send and receive data from android phone as per the program. The android phone is
loaded with home automation application which can sent commands to the microcontroller
through Bluetooth and receives different load status.The microcontroller will receive commands
and controls different load according to the command. When the microcontroller give logic one
to relay driving transistor, the transistor gets on and give 12v supply to the relay and thus the
relay gets on and gets on the loads.
DS1307 RTC chip is interfaced to microcontroller for programmable load controlling
feature. We can set the ON/OFF times of LOAD 4 by using keypad. Then the program loaded in
microcontroller continuously checks the set time with RTC time and the LOAD will turn on and
off automatically when the time is match.
AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

30

4.3 COMPONENTS USED AND COST OF COMPONENTS

SL NO.

COMPONENT

COST (Rs)

PIC 16F877A MICROCONTROLLER 175

IC L293D

65

LCD

400

RTC DS1307

230

Finger Print module (R305)

2210

BLUETOOTH MODULE

336

RESISTORS

DC MOTOR

10

CAPACITOR

Table 4.3

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

31

5. FLOW CHART

Fig.5 Flow chart

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

32

When the power is turned ON, LCD, serial communication and Bluetooth initializes.
Microcontroller continuously read the time and date data from the RTC IC and LCD shows the
time and date. Using the SET key in the key board we can set the running time. Using the MOV
key we can set the user time ie ; we can set the load ON and OFF time. This will be shown in
LCD. INC and DEC keys are used for the setting the time. Also using the INC and DEC keys
we can access finger print module. If we select the Enroll option, enroll commands passes to the
finger print module. By this we can enroll new ID to the system. If we select identify option,
identify command passes to the finger print module. Here we have DELETE ALL and DELETE
SINGLE option to delete existing IDs. If select VERIFY option, commands passes to the finger
print module. The response from the finger print module is analyzed. If ID matches door open
for a short time and then close. The LOAD1 and LOAD2 will turn ON/OFF if RTC run time
matches with set time. The other loads, LOAD3 and LOAD4 can be turned on by corresponding
command received from android App.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

33

6. CONCLUSION
Our prime objective is to assist handicapped/old aged people. This paper gives basic idea
of how to control various home appliances and provide a security using Android phone/tab. This
project is based on Android platform which is FOSS(Free Open Source Software) and the
controller used is low cost. So the overall implementation cost is very cheap and it is affordable
by a common person. Looking at the current scenario we have chosen Android platform so that
most of the people can get benefit. The design consists of Android phone with home automation
application and microcontroller with peripherals. User can interact with the android phone and
send control signal to the microcontroller which in turn will control other embedded
devices/sensors. We have discussed a simple prototype in this paper but in future it can be
expanded to many other areas.
The automation system considered initially was based on touch screen control, now is
based on android phone Android system control is meet as a replacement for touch screen
control as and the latest technological advancement with more flexible control than touch screen.
Any type of domestic load is expected to control using this system. The loads are chosen as, One
is automatic lighting load which automatically switch on or off according to time, Another two
loads are lighting load which can control from the mobile, Other load is chosen as a heavy load
which also control from mobile also it off after a time period. Which are the common loads of
home.
Firstly we discussed with topic and created some ideas. And created block diagram.
Using portus we designed the circuit according to block diagram. And so many modifications are
done for getting a positive result. Then we implemented this circuit on PCB. Then we study how
to interface the modules like LCD, RTC, FINGER PRINT, and BLUETOOTH. The next
challenge for us is programming. For programming there are available the basic codes of
different module we just downloaded and study also learnt the programming of PIC. Finally we
created the program and burn in to PIC using IC programmer. Next we test the overall project
and verified its working.

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

34

REFERENCE
[1] N. Sriskanthan and Tan Karand. Bluetooth Based Home Automation System. Journal of
Microprocessors and Microsystems, Vol. 26, pp.281-289, 2002.
[2] Muhammad Izhar Ramli, Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab, Nabihah, TOWARDS SMART
HOME: CONTROL ELECTRICAL DEVICES ONLINE ,Nornabihah Ahmad International
Conference on Science and Technology: Application in Industry and Education (2006)
[3] Al-Ali, Member, IEEE & M. AL-Rousan,Java-Based Home Automation System R. IEEE
Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 50, No. 2, MAY 2004
[4] Pradeep.G, B.Santhi Chandra, M.Venkateswarao, Ad-Hoc Low Powered 802.15.1 Protocol
Based Automation System for Residence using Mobile Devices, Dept.of ECE, K L University,
Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India IJCST Vo l. 2, SP 1, December 2011
[5] E. Yavuz, B. Hasan, I. Serkan and K. Duygu. Safe and Secure PIC Based Remote Control
Application for Intelligent Home. International Journal of Computer Science and Network
Security, Vol. 7, No. 5, May 2007.
[6] Amul Jadhav, S. Anand, Nilesh Dhangare, K.S. Wagh Universal Mobile Application
Development (UMAD) On Home Automation
Marathwada Mitra Mandals Institute of Technology, University of Pune, India Network and
Complex Systems ISSN 2224-610X (Paper) ISSN 2225-0603 (Online) Vol 2, No.2, 2012
[7] Rana, Jitendra Rajendra and Pawar, Sunil N., Zigbee Based Home Automation (April 10,
2010).
[8] R.Piyare, M.Tazil Bluetooth Based Home Automation System Using Cell Phone, 2011
IEEE 15th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics
[9] http://googleblog.blogspot.in/2011/05/android-momentum-mobile-andmore-at.html
[10] http://developer.android.com/about/index.html

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT

BIO-ID SECURED HOME WITH AUTOMATED LOAD CONTROL

35

[11]http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/homeos/
[12] http://source.android.com/tech/accessories/index.html
[13] http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/usb/accessory.ht ml#manifest
[14] http://source.android.com/tech/accessories/aoap/aoa.html

AMMINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EEE DEPARTMENT