C Programming in at Mel Studio 6

C Programming in Atmel Studio
6.2
Step by Step Tutorial
Contents
Introduction........................................................................................................... 2
Downloading and Installing Atmel Studio..............................................................3
Opening Atmel Studio............................................................................................ 3
Creating the first project........................................................................................ 4
Writing the first C program.................................................................................... 6
Compiling............................................................................................................... 7
Debugging............................................................................................................. 8
Using Breakpoints................................................................................................ 11
Disassembly........................................................................................................ 12
Introduction
This tutorial will teach you how to write, compile, and trace a simple program in
Atmel Studio.
Page 2
Downloading and Installing Atmel Studio

Download the newest version of Atmel Studio from the Atmel website:
http://www.atmel.com/tools/atmelstudio.aspx
Run the downloaded program to install the Atmel Studio IDE.
Opening Atmel Studio

Go to the Start menu and open Atmel Studio.
Page 3
Creating the first project

1. Go to the File menu. Choose New and then Project.
2. In the
a.
b.
c.
d.
opened dialog,
Choose C/C++.
Select GCC C Executable Project.
Name the project as toggleProject.
Choose the path where you like to save the project by clicking on
the Browse button.
e. Press OK.
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3. In the
a.
b.
c.
Device Selection dialog

Select megaAVR as the Device family.
Choose ATmega32 (or any other Chips you want to use)
Select OK.
The compiler automatically makes the toggleProject and adds a C file to it.
Page 5
Writing the first C program

Type the following program.
#include <avr/io.h>
#define F_CPU 8000000UL
#include "util/delay.h"
int main(void)
{
DDRA = 0xFF; //make port A as output port
while(1)
{
PORTA = 0xFF; //make all pins HIGH
_delay_ms(1000); //wait 1 sec
PORTA = 0x00;//make all pins LOW
_delay_ms(1000); //wait 1 sec
}
}
Note: Auto Complete

The editor knows the available variables and functions. For example, if you type
the first few letters of #include, e.g. #in, the following list appears and you can
choose #include from the list, by pressing the Enter button instead of typing
#include.
Page 6
While editing the program, if you press Ctrl+Space, the auto complete list
appears, and you can choose between the available choices.
Page 7
Compiling
Press F7 to compile, or choose Build Solution from the Build menu. The results
of compile are shown in the Output window.
Page 8
Debugging
1. To start debugging, press Alt+F5 or choose Start Debugging from the
Debug menu.
2. The following Dialog appears and asks you to select the debugging tool.
Press Continue.
3. In the following window, choose Simulator as the debugger and then

close it by pressing the x next to the toggleProject.
Note: Simulator vs. debugger

Using the simulator you can execute the instructions, and watch the registers
and variables.
Page 9
If you have a debugger, e.g. AVRISP mkII or Atmel-ICE, you can connect a trainer
board to your computer. In the case, the microcontroller of the board executes
the same instructions, when you trace the program. This facilitates you to check
the hardware while monitoring the variables in the IDE.
4. Press Alt+F5 again. Two Memory Watch windows appear which show the
contents of the Flash memory. Close the windows.
5. Now a yellow cursor is on the first line of the main program and the IDE is
ready to debug the program.
6. To execute the instructions line by line press F10 or click on the Step
over icon.
Step Into vs. Step Over
Both F10 (Step over) and F11 (Step into) execute one instruction and go to
the next instruction. But they work differently when the cursor is on a function
call. If the cursor is on the function call, Step into goes into the first instruction
of the function, but Step Over executes the whole function and goes to the next
instruction.
Step Out
If the execution is in a function, you can execute the function to the end by
Page 10
pressing the Step Out.
Run to Cursor
You can put the cursor on an instruction and then press the Run to Cursor button.
In the case, the program runs until it reaches the instruction which the cursor is
on it.
7. To monitor the peripherals, including the I/O ports, click on the Debug
menu, choose Windows and then I/O view.
8. The I/O view tab appears on the right hand side which shows the
peripherals of the microcontroller, including the I/O ports. Select PORTA.
The values of the related registers (PINA, DDRA, and PORTA) will be shown
below.
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9. Press F10 (Step Over) a few times and see the PORTA register changes in
the I/O View.
Using Breakpoints
If you want to debug a portion of a program, add a breakpoint to the beginning of
this part of the code and press the run button. The IDE runs the program and
when it reaches the breakpoint, it stops running and the yellow cursor is shown
on the breakpoint line. Below, you see the steps in detail.
1. Right click on the "PORTA = 0x00;" instruction. A pop-up menu appears.
Choose Breakpoint and then Insert Breakpoint. A red bullet appears on
the hand side of the "PORTA = 0x00;" instruction.
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2. Press F5 or the Run button. The IDE runs program until it reaches the
Breakpoint. Now, you can continue debugging from the breakpoint using
the Step into and Step over buttons.
Disassembly
The Compiler converts C programs to machine instructions. To see the assembly
equivalent of your program:
1. Click on the Debug menu, choose Window and then Disassembly.
Page 13
2. The following window appears.

a. The black texts show the C program instructions. The assembly
equivalent of the C instruction is shown below, in gray.
b. The first column shows the memory address where the assembly
instruction is located.
c. The second column shows the assembly instruction.
Page 14

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C Programming in Atmel Studio

Downloading and Installing Atmel Studio

Run the downloaded program to install the Atmel Studio IDE.

Opening Atmel Studio

Creating the first project

Device Selection dialog

Writing the first C program

Note: Auto Complete

3. In the following window, choose Simulator as the debugger and then

Note: Simulator vs. debugger

pressing the Step Out.

2. The following window appears.

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