Physics 1121 A Cheat Sheet

CHEAT SHEET
PHYS1121: Physics 1A
University of New South Wales
1
Particle Kinematics in One
Dimension
Vector A measurement with both magnitude and
direction (e.g. Displacement)
Scalar A measurement with only magnitude (e.g.
distance)
Vector Multiplication/Division by a Scalar Only

magnitude is multiplied or divided. Direction is
reversed for negative scalars.
Final Displacement with Avg. Velocity

1
! = ! + (!" + !" )
2
Vector Components
Final Displacement with Velocity and Acceleration
Length
1
! = ! + !" + ! !
2
Final Velocity without Time
! + !
Direction
!
!
!"
= !"
+ 2! ! !
= tan!!
Objects in Freefall Acceleration is g (9.8m/s )
!
!
Unit Vectors:
Average Velocity
!"# =
Instantaneous Velocity
!"#$
2
Motion in Two and Three
Dimensions
Vector Addition Tip to Tail
Average Acceleration
!"#
!"#$ =
Projectile Motion
Position
1
! = ! + ! + !
2
Instantaneous Acceleration
= x + y
Initial Horizontal Velocity

!" = ! cos
Vector Subtraction From the negative to the

positive, or add the negative ( = + ())
Initial Vertical Velocity

!" = ! sin
Final Velocity
!" = !" + !
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CHEAT SHEET
Uniform Circular Motion
Equilibrium
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Friction
=
= !
! ! + ! !
!
2
!
= ! =
!" = !" + !"
Particle Dynamics
st
Newtons 1 Law - In the absence of external forces,

when viewed from an inertial reference frame, an
object at rest will remain at rest and an object in
motion continues in motion with a constant velocity
!" = !"
Gravitational
=
Elastic
Work and Energy
Scalar/Dot Product
=
Work
Same Direction as Displacement

=
Different Direction to Displacement
Non-conservative Force - Work done dependent on

the motion of the object (e.g. Friction)
Conservation of Energy
!"# =
!!
!!
Mechanical Energy
!"#! = +
Work by Varying Force
1 !
Conservative Force - Work done is independent of

the path taken by an object (e.g. Gravity)
rd
Newtons 3 Law - If two objects interact, the force

that object one is exerting on object 2 is equal and
opposite to that object two is exerting on object one
nd
Newtons 2 Law - Net Force is the product of Mass

and Acceleration
Potential Energy
Circular Motion Dynamics
Relative Velocity
1
!
2
Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem
Static Friction
Period
=
! =
Friction
Overall Acceleration
|| =
= 0
Centripetal Acceleration
! =
Hookes Law
Total Energy
!"! = + + !"#
CHEAT SHEET
Non-Conservative Force Absent
Conservation of KE (Elastic Collisions)
!"#! = 0
! = !
Non-Conservative Force Present
Perfectly Inelastic
!"! = 0
! !! + ! !! = (! + ! )!
Power
! !! + ! !! = ! !! + ! !!
and
1
1
1
1
!
!
!
!
! !!
+ ! !!
= ! !!
+ ! !!
2
2
2
2
Momentum and Collisions
Centre of Mass
Momentum
=
!" =
For Constant Force
! !
!
Instantaneous Angular Acceleration

!"#$ =
Final Angular Velocity
Final Angular Displacement

! = ! + t + t !
!!
!! = !! + 2(! ! )
Final Angular Displacement with Avg. Velocity
Arc Length
For Non-Constant Force

=
!!
Collisions
Rotation
Instantaneous Angular Velocity
Final Angular Velocity without Time
Definition
=
! = ! + t
Impulse
!"# =
Perfectly Elastic
Average Angular Velocity
=
Translational Velocity
=
Translational Acceleration
1
! = ! + (! + ! )t
2
Kinetic Energy of Rotation
! =
!
2
! !!
Conservation of Momentum (All Collisions)

! = !
CHEAT SHEET
7
Moment of Inertia
General
!
2
!
5
!
(! + )!
Using Radius
=
Net Torque
Area Expansion
= 2!
Volume Expansion
Latent Heat
=
rd
! =
4 !
. !
!
Using Perpendicular Distance
= !
Keplers 3 Law
Gravitational Field
! !
! !"
Length Expansion
= 3
=
Torque
Thermal Properties of Matter
Gravity on Earth
Disk
= !" !
! !
!
Force Vector
Cylinder
Parallel Axis Theorem
Temperature
!" =
= !
Magnitude
! =
1
= !
2
Sphere
=
Newtons Law of Gravitation:

=
Gravity
9
Kinetic Theory and the Ideal
Gas
Pressure
=
Gravitational Potential Energy

=
! !
Ideal Gas Law:
Given Number of Moles

=
Boltzmann Constant
! =
CHEAT SHEET
Given Number of Molecules
Isobaric
!
= !
Comparison of Gases of Equal Moles

! ! ! !
=
!
!
is constant and = !
Specific Heat of Gases
Isovolumetric
!
is constant, = ! and !"# =
Degrees of Freedom (f)
Monatomic = 3f
Diatomic
10 Heat and the First Law of

Thermodynamics
3f (T < 100K)
5f (T < 1000K)
7f (T > 1000K)
Polyatomic = Many f
1
= !
2
Thermal Processes
Adiabatic
= 0, is constant and !"# =
Isothermal
! !
Radiation
= !
First Law of Thermodynamics

!"# = +
11
Simple Harmonic Motion
General Equation
= ( + )
General
=
!
!
Oscillations
Work Done on a Gas
+2
Gamma
Conduction
=
Specific Heat at Constant Pressure

! =
Energy Transfer Mechanisms
Specific Heat at Constant Volume

! =
Heat
Equipartition of Energy
!"#
Molar Specific Heat

= !"#$%
Kinetic Theory of Gases

2 1
=
( !)
3! 2 !
Constant Pressure
!!
Acceleration
! = !
!!
!"# = 0 and is constant
CHEAT SHEET
Angular Frequency
=
Frequency
1
=
2
Energy
!"#!
Speed of Wave on a String
1
= !
2
Forced Oscillations Resonance occurs when

frequency of driving force matches natural frequency
of oscillating object
SHM and Circular Motion Uses SHM

formulae for each direction of movement
SHM and the Pendulum
o Period
= 2
o
= 2 +
= 2
cos
2
2
Interference
12

2 =
Wave Motion
Standing Waves on a String
Wave Number
Physical Pendulum
When a pulse hits a fixed boundary, reflection

is inverted
When a pulse hits a free boundary, reflection
is not inverted
When a pulse moves from a light to a heavy
string the reflected pulse is inverted
When a pulse moves from a heavy to a light
string, the reflection is not inverted
Superposition
Velocity
= ! !
Reflection of a Pulse
Period
=
Dampened Oscillations Critical Dampening occurs

when frequency of retarding force matches natural
frequency of oscillating object.
Wave Equation
, = +
Formula
= 2 cos ()
Amplitude
= 2()
CHEAT SHEET
Nodes
Speed of Sound
( = 0, 1, 2 )
2
Standing Waves in an Air Column
Formula
= 1, 3, 5 )
4
! =
Antinodes
Dependence on Temperature
Boundary Conditions on a String

! =
2
13
Sound Waves
= 331 1 +
Sound Wave Pressure
!"#
2
fbeat = |f1 f2|
14
!"#
4 !
= 10 log
N = kg.m/s
Work and Energy
Shock Waves
Density
g = 9.8m/s
Particle Dynamics
+ !
=
!"# = !"#
Units and Constants
Particle Kinematics in One Dimension
Doppler Effect
Without Bulk Modulus
2
2
Sound Levels in Decibels
Including Bulk Modulus

= !"# sin ( )
End Effects
Beats
In Three Dimensions
Sound Wave Displacement

, = !"# cos ( )
( = 1, 2, 3 )
2
Per Unit Area

=
! =
!
273
( = 1, 3, 5 )
4
Open Pipe
Intensity of a Sound Wave
Bulk Modulus
=
Closed Pipe
J = Nm = kg.m /s
W = J/s
1Hp = 746W
CHEAT SHEET
Gravity
G = 6.6738 x 10
11
Nm /kg
Temperature
0C = 273K
Kinetic Theory and the Ideal Gas
R = 8.314 J/mol.K
kb = 1.38x10
Pa = kg/m.s
1atm = 101325Pa
1atm = 760mmHg
mmHg = torr
-23
J/K
Heat and The First Law of Thermodynamics
= 5.6696 x 10 W.m .K

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What are the main concepts covered in particle kinematics?

What are the main concepts covered in particle kinematics?

What are Newton's three laws of motion?

What are Newton's three laws of motion?

CHEAT SHEET

Vector Multiplication/Division by a Scalar Only

Final Displacement with Avg. Velocity

Final Displacement with Velocity and Acceleration

Final Velocity without Time

Objects in Freefall Acceleration is g (9.8m/s )

Initial Horizontal Velocity

Vector Subtraction From the negative to the

Initial Vertical Velocity

!" = !" + !"

Newtons 1 Law - In the absence of external forces,

Work and Energy

Same Direction as Displacement

Different Direction to Displacement

Non-conservative Force - Work done dependent on

Work by Varying Force

Conservative Force - Work done is independent of

Newtons 3 Law - If two objects interact, the force

Newtons 2 Law - Net Force is the product of Mass

Circular Motion Dynamics

Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem

Non-Conservative Force Absent

Conservation of KE (Elastic Collisions)

Non-Conservative Force Present

Momentum and Collisions

For Constant Force

Instantaneous Angular Acceleration

Final Angular Velocity

Final Angular Displacement

For Non-Constant Force

Instantaneous Angular Velocity

Final Angular Velocity without Time

Average Angular Velocity

Conservation of Momentum (All Collisions)

Using Perpendicular Distance

Thermal Properties of Matter

Parallel Axis Theorem

Newtons Law of Gravitation:

Gravitational Potential Energy

Ideal Gas Law:

Given Number of Moles

Given Number of Molecules

Comparison of Gases of Equal Moles

Specific Heat of Gases

is constant, = ! and !"# =

Degrees of Freedom (f)

10 Heat and the First Law of

First Law of Thermodynamics

Simple Harmonic Motion

Work Done on a Gas

Specific Heat at Constant Pressure

Energy Transfer Mechanisms

Specific Heat at Constant Volume

Molar Specific Heat

Kinetic Theory of Gases