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Basic Equipment: Agilent

This document discusses tools used for testing automotive electrical units, including both analog and digital multimeters. It describes common measurement tools like voltmeters, ohmmeters, ammeters, as well as more complex tools like multimeters, oscilloscopes, and signal generators. It provides details on how analog multimeters and digital multimeters differ in their display and sampling of electrical values.

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Aryan Kumar
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57 views4 pages

Basic Equipment: Agilent

This document discusses tools used for testing automotive electrical units, including both analog and digital multimeters. It describes common measurement tools like voltmeters, ohmmeters, ammeters, as well as more complex tools like multimeters, oscilloscopes, and signal generators. It provides details on how analog multimeters and digital multimeters differ in their display and sampling of electrical values.

Uploaded by

Aryan Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Aim-Study of special tools apparatus including digital and analog

multimeter used for testing automotive electrical units


TheoryBasic equipment

Agilent commercial digital voltmeter checking a prototype


The following items are used for basic measurement of voltages, currents,
and components in the circuit under test.

Voltmeter (Measures voltage)

Ohmmeter (Measures resistance)

Ammeter, e.g. Galvanometer or Milliameter (Measures current)

Multimeter e.g., VOM (Volt-Ohm-Milliameter) or DMM (Digital


Multimeter) (Measures all of the above)

The following are used for stimulus of the circuit under test:

Power supplies

Signal generator

Digital pattern generator

Pulse generator

The following analyze the response of the circuit under test:

Oscilloscope (Displays voltage as it changes over time)

Frequency counter (Measures frequency)

Voltmeter- A voltmeter can be used to measure the voltage (or potential


difference) between two points in a system; often a common reference
potential such as the ground of the system is used as one of the points.
Voltage can be caused by static electric fields, by electric current through
a magnetic field, by time-varying magnetic fields, or some combination of
these three.

Ohmmeter-An ohmmeter is an electrical instrument that


measures electrical resistance, the opposition to an electric current. Microohmmeters (microhmmeter or microohmmeter) make low resistance
measurements. Megohmmeters (aka megaohmmeter or in the case of a
trademarked device Megger) measure large values of resistance. The unit
of measurement for resistance is ohms ().
Ammeter-An ammeter is a measuring instrument used to measure
the electric current in a circuit. Electric currents are measured
in amperes (A), hence the name. Instruments used to measure smaller
currents, in the milliampere or microampere range, are designated
asmilliammeters or microammeters. Early ammeters were laboratory
instruments which relied on the Earth's magnetic field for operation
.Multimeter- A multimeter or a multitester, also known as a VOM (VoltOhm meter), is an electronic measuring instrument that combines several
measurement functions in one unit. A typical multimeter would include
basic features such as the ability to measure voltage, current,
andresistance. Analog multimeters use a microammeter whose pointer
moves over a scale calibrated for all the different measurements that can
be made. Digital multimeters (DMM, DVOM) display the measured value
in numerals, and may also display a bar of a length proportional to the
quantity being measured. Digital multimeters are now far more common
but analog multimeters are still preferable in some cases, for example
when monitoring a rapidly varying value.

Digital- The resolution of a multimeter is often specified in the number of


decimal digits resolved and displayed. If the most significant digit cannot
take all values from 0 to 9 is often termed a fractional digit. For example,
a multimeter which can read up to 19999 (plus an embedded decimal
point) is said to read 4 digits.

By convention, if the most significant digit can be either 0 or 1, it is


termed a half-digit; if it can take higher values without reaching 9 (often 3
or 5), it may be called three-quarters of a digit. A 5 digit multimeter
would display one "half digit" that could only display 0 or 1, followed by
five digits taking all values from 0 to 9.[5] Such a meter could show positive
or negative values from 0 to 199,999. A 3 digit meter can display a
quantity from 0 to 3,999 or 5,999, depending on the manufacturer.
Analog- Analog meters are older and still preferred by many engineers.
One reason for this is that analog meters are more sensitive to what is
happening in the circuit that is being measured. A digital multimeter
samples the quantity being measured at a particular time and displays it.
Analog multimeters sample a quantity as it is happening. If there are
slight changes in DC voltage, the needle of an analog multimeter will track
them -- the needle moves -- while digital multimeters often miss them
Analog multimeters can sometimes be difficult to read because they
display data as a needle moving along a scalethis can be a benefit
because the display of increased voltage (or resistance and so forth) is
tangible, but can be hard for those unfamiliar with the scale. Like their
digital counterparts, analog multimeters can measure a range of different
electrical outputs, such as voltage, current, and resistanceas done with
digital multimeters, a function must be selected and a corresponding
range must be set. However, the way analog multimeters operate is
fundamentally different than how digital multimeters operate.

Parts of a Multimeter

A multimeter is has three parts:

Display

Selection Knob

Ports

The display usually has four digits and the ability to display a negative
sign. A few multimeters have illuminated displays for better viewing in low
light situations.
The selection knob allows the user to set the multimeter to read
different things such as milliamps (mA) of current, voltage (V) and
resistance ().

Questions
Q1. Explain the use of multimeter.

Q2. explain the use of ammeter, voltmeter, multimeter.

Q3. How will you check the continuity of wiring harness.

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