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Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSBSC) (Continuation) : Non-Linear Modulators

1) The document discusses different techniques for double sideband suppressed carrier (DSBSC) modulation that do not require multipliers. These include using non-linear devices or switching modulators. 2) Non-linear devices can generate the desired signal of the message signal multiplied by the carrier signal through their non-linear output characteristics when fed the carrier and message signals. 3) Switching modulators, like a diode bridge or ring modulator, multiply the message signal with a square wave carrier to generate the DSBSC signal, which can then be filtered from the other frequencies.

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30 views4 pages

Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSBSC) (Continuation) : Non-Linear Modulators

1) The document discusses different techniques for double sideband suppressed carrier (DSBSC) modulation that do not require multipliers. These include using non-linear devices or switching modulators. 2) Non-linear devices can generate the desired signal of the message signal multiplied by the carrier signal through their non-linear output characteristics when fed the carrier and message signals. 3) Switching modulators, like a diode bridge or ring modulator, multiply the message signal with a square wave carrier to generate the DSBSC signal, which can then be filtered from the other frequencies.

Uploaded by

Md.Arifur Rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EE 370

Chapter IV: Amplitude Modulation

Lecture 10

Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSBSC) (Continuation)


The modulation and demodulation technique discussed last lecture require the existence
of high quality multipliers (usually called mixers in communication applications). The
use of multipliers is generally undesirable for reasons that are beyond the scope of this
course. So, we need to find DSBSC modulation techniques that do not depend on
multipliers.
To avoid the use of multipliers, several multiplier-less methods exist.
NonLinear Modulators
In the following block diagram for DSBSC modulation, the message signal m(t) with a
BW of 2B rad/s and the carrier signal c(t) = cos(Ct) are not multiplied, but are added
the upper path and subtracted in the lower path.

The signals x1(t) and x2(t) therefore are


x1 (t ) = c(t ) + m(t ) = cos( C t ) + m(t )
x1 (t ) = c(t ) m(t ) = cos( C t ) m(t )

These signals are passed through two exactly similar nonlinear devices that have scale
there input signals and add it to a scaled version of the square of their input signals.
y1 (t ) = a[cos(C t ) + m(t )] + b[cos(C t ) + m(t )]

= a cos(C t ) + am(t ) + bm 2 (t ) + 2bm(t ) cos(C t ) + b cos 2 (C t )


= am(t ) + bm 2 (t ) + 2bm(t ) cos(C t ) + a cos(C t ) +
123 123 1442443 14243
Undesired

Undesired

Desired

Undesired

b
2
{

Undesired

b
+ cos(2C t )
2 4243
1
Undesired

y2 (t ) = a[cos(C t ) m(t )] + b[cos(C t ) m(t )]

= a cos(C t ) am(t ) + bm 2 (t ) 2bm(t ) cos(C t ) + b cos 2 (C t )


= am(t ) + bm 2 (t ) 2bm(t ) cos(C t ) + a cos(C t ) +
123 123 1442443 14243
Undesired

So,

Undesired

Desired

Undesired

b
2
{

Undesired

b
+ cos(2C t )
2 4243
1
Undesired

EE 370

Chapter IV: Amplitude Modulation

Lecture 10

z (t ) = y1 (t ) y2 (t )
= 2am(t ) + 4bm(t ) cos(C t )
123 1442443
Undesired

Desired

The sum (or actually the different) of the outputs of the two nonlinear devices contains
two terms that can be described as follows:

2am(t )

is the original message signal. This is an UNDESIRED


BASEBAND signal with bandwidth BW = 2B rad/s.

4bm(t ) cos(C t )

is the message signal multiplied by the carrier. This is the


DESIRED signal with frequency centered around C.

It is obvious that since the desired signal 2bm(t ) cos(C t ) occurs around C , we can
use a BPF with a passband region centered around C and BW = 4B rad/s (or 2B Hz)
to allow this signal and reject the first component 2am(t).
Notes:
Many nonlinear devices exist such as transistors and diodes. These devices
operate nonlinearly around their biasing regions. The nonlinearity of these
devices may be in the form of an exponential relationship that can be
approximated as a square relation for signals with low amplitudes in specific
operation regions of these devices.
The modulation system shown above can be used for demodulation too. Just
replace the BPF with a LPF of BW = 4B rad/s and feed the carrier signal to one
input and the DSBSC modulated signal to the other input. (Exercise: show that the
output of that system is a scaled version of the message signal)
The following block diagram is a simpler DSBSC modulator, where the non
linear device has a = 0 (Exercise: verify that this system is able to do DSBSC
modulation). However, this system can be used for demodulation only if the
magnitude of the message signal is significantly small such that the square of that
signal is much lower (and therefore can be ignored) than the magnitude of the
message signal.

EE 370

Chapter IV: Amplitude Modulation

Lecture 10

Switching Modulators

Another type of DSBSC modulator/demodulators is switching modulation. The idea of


switching modulation is the other carriers such as square waves can be used instead of
sinusoidal waves to modulate the message signal. Since a square wave can be represented
in terms of a sum of sinusoids with fundamental frequency o equal to the frequency of
the square wave. So, if a message signal is modulated using a square wave with
frequency equal to the desired carrier frequency C and then this modulated signal is
filtered using a BPF centered at C with bandwidth twice the bandwidth of the message
signal, the resulting signal is a DSBSC signal.
The square wave modulation can be performed using one of many configurations:
Diodebridge and Ring Modulator:
A typical configuration of diodebridge modulator is shown below, where c(t) =
cos(Ct).

When c(t) < 0, all diodes are turned off and therefore, the circuit simplifies to
the following

Therefore, the current of the message source m(t) passes through the 1 resistor
and creates a voltage across the resistor that is equal to m(t) Volts. However,

EE 370

Chapter IV: Amplitude Modulation


Lecture 10
when c(t) > 0, all diodes become forwardbiased (they become like conductors),
and therefore the circuit simplifies to

So, all current of the message source passes through the short circuit and no
current passes through the resistor. This leaves the voltage across the resistor to be
zero.
Hence, the signal at the input of the BPF is equal to the message signal when the
carrier is negative and equal to zero when the carrier is positive. This is simply
like multiplying the message signal with a square wave that has a frequency equal
to the carrier frequency. The BPF removes the DC term and all higher harmonics
of this signal resulting in a DSBSC signal at its output.
This circuit can also be used for demodulating the DSBSC signal by feeding this
signal in place of the message signal and replacing the BPF with a LPF.
The ring modulator works in a similar way except that it results in having a
bipolar square wave multiplied by the message signal (see page 159 of your
textbook for details).

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