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Example 1: Equation Relating A, B, and C For A Hyperbola Evaluate Squares. Solve For B

The document contains 4 examples of writing equations of and graphing hyperbolas. Each example provides the steps to: 1) Determine the center, vertices, and asymptotes of the hyperbola from its equation. 2) Write the equation in standard form using the relationships between a, b, and c. 3) Graph the hyperbola by plotting the vertices and drawing the curve within the region bounded by the asymptotes.

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55 views3 pages

Example 1: Equation Relating A, B, and C For A Hyperbola Evaluate Squares. Solve For B

The document contains 4 examples of writing equations of and graphing hyperbolas. Each example provides the steps to: 1) Determine the center, vertices, and asymptotes of the hyperbola from its equation. 2) Write the equation in standard form using the relationships between a, b, and c. 3) Graph the hyperbola by plotting the vertices and drawing the curve within the region bounded by the asymptotes.

Uploaded by

dpool2002
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 85

Example 1

Write an Equation for a Graph


Write an equation for the hyperbola shown at
the right.
The center is the midpoint of the segment
connecting the vertices, or (0, 0).
The value of a is the distance from the center to
a vertex, or 2 units. The value of c is the distance
from the center to a focus, or 3 units.

c 2 = a2 + b2
32 = 22 + b2
9 = 4 + b2
5 = b2

Equation relating a, b, and c for a hyperbola


c = 3, a = 2
Evaluate squares.
Solve for b2.

Since the transverse axis is horizontal, the equation is of the form


a2 and b2. An equation of the hyperbola is

x
a

2
2

y
b

2
2

= 1. Substitute the values for

= 1.

Example 2

Write an Equation Given the Vertices and Conjugate Axis


Write an equation for a hyperbola with vertices at (0, 8) and (0, 8) with conjugate axis of length 10
units.
The conjugate axis is a segment of length 2b units that is perpendicular to the transverse axis at the center.
Since 2b = 10, b = 5.

The transverse axis is a segment of length 2a whose endpoint are the vertices of the hyperbola. Since the
distance between (0, 8) and (0, 8) is 16 units, 2a = 16, and a = 8.
Since the vertices are (0, 8) and (0, 8), the center is (0, 0) and the axis is vertical. The equation of the
hyperbola is of the form
y

64

25

= 1.

y
a

2
2

x
b

2
2

= 1. Substitute the values for a2 and b2. An equation of the hyperbola is

Example 3

Graph an Equation in Standard From


Find the coordinates of the vertices and foci and the equations of the asymptotes for the hyperbola
with equation

( y + 4)2
9

( x 1) 2

= 1. Then graph the hyperbola.

36

The center of this hyperbola is at (1, 4). According to the equation a2 = 9 and b2 = 36, so a = 3 and b = 6.
The coordinates of the vertices are (1, 1) and (1, 7).
c 2 = a2 + b2
c 2 = 32 + 62
c2 = 9 + 36
c2 = 45
c = 45 or 3 5

Equation relating a, b, and c for a hyperbola


a = 3, b = 6
Evaluate squares.
Solve for c2.
Take the square root of each side.

The foci are at (1, 4 + 3 5 ) and (1, 4 3 5 ).


a

The equations of the asymptotes are y k = (x h) or y + 4 = (x 1).


Draw a 12unit by 6unit rectangle. The
asymptotes contain the diagonals of the rectangle.
Graph the vertices. Use the asymptotes as a guide
to draw the hyperbola that passes through the
vertices. The graph does not intersect the
asymptotes.

Example 4

Graph an Equation Not in Standard Form


Find the coordinates of the vertices and foci and the equations of the asymptotes for the hyperbola
with equation 9y2 25x2 + 18y + 50x 241 = 0. Then graph the hyperbola.
Complete the square for each variable to write this equation in standard form.

Original equation
9y2 25x2 + 18y + 50x 241 = 0
9(y2 + 2y + ) 25(x2 2x + ) = 241 + 9( ) 25( ) Complete the squares.
9(y2 + 2y + 1) 25(x2 2x + 1) = 241 + 9(1) 25(1)
Write the trinomials as perfect squares.
9(y + 1)2 25(x 1)2 = 225

( y + 1)2
25

( x 1)2
9

=1

The center of this hyperbola is at (1, 1).


According to the equation, a2 = 25 and b2 = 9, so a
= 5 and b = 3. Using the relationship between a, b,
and c for a hyperbola, c2 = 25 + 9 = 34, and c =
34 . The coordinates of the vertices are (1, 4) and
(1, 6) and the foci are at (1, 1 34 ) and (1, 1
+ 34 ). The equations of the asymptotes are y k
a

= (x h) or y + 1 = (x 1).
Draw a 6unit by 10unit rectangle. The
asymptotes contain the diagonals of the rectangle.
Graph the vertices and use the asymptotes as a
guide to draw the hyperbola that passes through
the vertices. The graph does not intersect the
asymptotes.

Divide each side by 225.

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