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    THATCHING of ROOF WITH Fire Retardent Treatment

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    Nandini S
    The document provides specifications for making thatch roofs used in rural and slum areas fire retardant and durable. It details different types of thatch materials used - reed, palmyrah leaves, coconut leaves, rice paddy. It describes the bamboo frame and laying of thatch. It specifies materials needed for fire retardant treatment like bitumen, cut-back, soil, mud, wheat straw. It provides measurements for typical thatch roofs. The methodology specifies applying a bitumen stabilized mud plaster on top and bottom surfaces of different thatch types to make them fire retardant and water repellent.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    THATCHING of ROOF WITH Fire Retardent Treatment

    Uploaded by

    Nandini S
    44 views8 pages
    The document provides specifications for making thatch roofs used in rural and slum areas fire retardant and durable. It details different types of thatch materials used - reed, palmyrah leaves, coconut leaves, rice paddy. It describes the bamboo frame and laying of thatch. It specifies materials needed for fire retardant treatment like bitumen, cut-back, soil, mud, wheat straw. It provides measurements for typical thatch roofs. The methodology specifies applying a bitumen stabilized mud plaster on top and bottom surfaces of different thatch types to make them fire retardant and water repellent.

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    The document provides specifications for making thatch roofs used in rural and slum areas fire retardant and durable. It details different types of thatch materials used - reed, palmyrah leaves, coconut leaves, rice paddy. It describes the bamboo frame and laying of thatch. It specifies materials needed for fire retardant treatment like bitumen, cut-back, soil, mud, wheat straw. It provides measurements for typical thatch roofs. The methodology specifies applying a bitumen stabilized mud plaster on top and bottom surfaces of different thatch types to make them fire retardant and water repellent.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views8 pages

    THATCHING of ROOF WITH Fire Retardent Treatment

    Uploaded by

    Nandini S
    The document provides specifications for making thatch roofs used in rural and slum areas fire retardant and durable. It details different types of thatch materials used - reed, palmyrah leaves, coconut leaves, rice paddy. It describes the bamboo frame and laying of thatch. It specifies materials needed for fire retardant treatment like bitumen, cut-back, soil, mud, wheat straw. It provides measurements for typical thatch roofs. The methodology specifies applying a bitumen stabilized mud plaster on top and bottom surfaces of different thatch types to make them fire retardant and water repellent.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

    Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
    information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
    in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
    and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
    to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
    education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
    timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.
    1 +, 1 +

    01 ' 5

    The Right to Information, The Right to Live

    Step Out From the Old to the New

    Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

    Jawaharlal Nehru

    IS 12506 (1988): Code of Practice for Improved Thatching of


    Roof with Rot and Fire Retardant Treatment [CED 13:
    Building Construction Practices including Painting,
    Varnishing and Allied Finishing]

    ! $ ' +-
    Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

    Invent a New India Using Knowledge

    ! > 0 B

    BharthariNtiatakam

    Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen

    IS : 12506 5 1988
    ( Reaffirmed 2005 )

    Indian Stan&rd
    *-\

    b
    4

    -*

    CODEOFPRACTICEFOR
    IMPROVEDTHATCHINGOFROOFWITH
    ROTANDFIRERETARDANT-TREATMENT
    UDC

    69112 : 692415 : 69981

    ..

    -.

    _:

    ..

    @ Copyright 1989

    BUREAU
    MANAK

    Gr 2

    OF
    BHAVAN,

    INDIAN

    STANDARDS

    9 BAHADUR
    SHAH
    NEW DELHI 110002

    ZAFAR

    MARG

    May 1989

    IS : 12506 - 1988

    Indian Standard
    CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
    IMPROVED THATCHING OF ROOF WITH
    ROT -AND FIRE RETARDANT TREATMENT
    0. FOR
    0.1 This Indian Standard
    was adopted
    by the
    Bureau
    of Indian
    Standards
    on 4 November
    1988, after the draft finalized
    by the Building
    Construction
    Practices Sectional Committee
    had
    been approved
    by the Civil Engineering
    Division
    Council.
    0.2 Thatch roof is made of highly combustible
    and easily ignitable
    materials.
    In rural
    and
    Fire
    slum area, majority
    of people live in huts.
    occurs very often in huts.
    It spreads very fast
    and conflagration
    results
    engulfing
    the entire
    village causing loss ofand injury to human lives
    The thatch
    and cattle and damage to property,
    is exposed to rain,
    sun and nature
    and thus
    deteriorates
    fast and lasts only for one to two
    years.
    The main thatch
    materials
    are reeds
    (Phoons
    ), palmyrah,
    coconut,
    rice
    paddy,
    available in Northern,
    Southern,
    Eastern,
    and
    Western regions cf the country.
    Fire risk and
    fire hazard is present throughout
    the rural and
    slum areas. Fire retardant
    treatment
    for render-

    EWORD
    ing thatch
    fire retardant
    of fire
    *
    _--is a m:asLIre
    protection
    and to reduce the tire hazard
    in rural
    and slum houses. The provisions
    of the standard
    are largely
    based
    on data furnished
    by the
    Central Building Research Institute,
    Roorkee.
    0.3 This code of practice has been prepared
    to
    satisfy the need for laying down specific requirement
    for various
    types of thatch
    roofs
    of
    different
    materials to make them fire retardant
    and durable.
    0.4 For the purpose
    of deciding
    whether
    a
    particular
    requirement
    of this standard
    is complied with, the final value, observed OCR
    calculated,
    expressing
    the result of a test or analysis,
    shall
    be rounded off in accordance
    with IS : 2 - 1960.*
    The number of significant
    places retained in the
    rounded off value should be the same as that of
    the specified value in this standard.
    *Rules for rounding off numerical values

    fire prevention,
    dant treatment.

    1. SCOPE

    1.1 This code covers essentially


    of making rot and fire retardant
    and slum areas.

    the technology
    thatches for rural

    fire precautions,

    ( revised).

    and

    2.9 Fire Retardant


    - A substance
    applied to the material to increase
    to destruction
    by fire.

    fire

    retar-

    or treatment
    its resistance

    2. TERMINOLOGY
    2.1 Cut-Back
    kerosene oil.

    A mixtue

    2.2 Fire - A process


    ed by heat or smoke
    tion of these.

    of

    bitumen

    and

    of combustion
    characterizor flame or any combina-

    2.10 Fire
    Weather --Fire
    weather
    includes
    consideration
    of temperature,
    humidity,
    and
    other factors.
    2.11 Flame Propagation
    - A term relating
    to
    the spread of flame from layer to layer independently of the source of ignition.

    2.3 Fire Brand - Glowing or flaming


    materials
    raised by strong convective
    currents and carried
    by high winds under some conditions.

    2.12 Flame Retardant


    - A substance
    or treatment
    applied
    to a material
    to decrease
    its
    tendency
    to propagate
    flame across the surface.

    2.4 Fire
    Loss Material
    damage
    caused
    directly by fire expressed in monetary
    terms.

    2.13 -Flame Spread


    over a surface.

    2.14 Flammable
    flame.

    Capable

    2.5 Fire Growth - The development


    from ignition to the point of maximum

    of a fire
    severity.

    2.6 Fire Hazard - Start and spread


    of a fire
    which might endanger
    lives or property.
    2.7 Fire
    Prevention
    Covers
    precautionary
    activities aimed at stopping the outbreak
    of fire
    and reducing
    losses of life and property
    and
    reduction
    of fire hazards.
    2.8 Fire Protection
    - The practice
    life and property loss by fire, fire

    of reducing
    control
    and

    The propagation
    of

    2.15 Glowing
    Combustion
    oxidation
    of a solid surface.
    2.16 Ignition

    A process

    2.17 Incandescence
    glowing with heat.

    2.18 Incombustible

    burning
    -

    flame
    with

    Incandescent

    initiating

    Made

    of

    luminous

    Non-combustible.

    combustion.
    by heat or

    !S : 12506- 1988
    2.19 Self-Extinguishing

    5. MATERIALS
    THATCHES

    - Incapable of undergoing sustained combustion after the removal of


    external source of heat.

    5.1 Reed/Roof ( P%oons ) Thatch


    .L.2 Thatch Area -9.3 m2.

    2.20 Smouldering - A process of combustion


    without flame but usually with incandescence.

    5.3 Average Thickness - 75 mm of thatch plus


    25 mm mud plaster on top surface and 10 mm
    on the bottom surface.
    5.4 Reed (Phoons ) - 130 bundles ( each bundle
    500 g and one metre long).
    5.5 Bamboo - 20 numbers ( Dia of each 50 mm
    and 33 m long ).
    5.6 SUTLZ - One kg MOONJ of ( 15 kg >.
    5.7 Mud Bitumenized - 034 cubic metre.
    5.8 Wheat Straw - 234 kg.
    5.9 Bhind ( SARKANDA ) - 3 bundles ( each
    bundle about 400 mm thick and 300 mm long ).

    3. DESCRIPTION

    3.1 The thatch roof is generally mounted on


    mud wall keeping a slope of 30. The bamboo
    frame is prepared by approximately
    50 mm
    diameter sticks, placed across each other about
    300 mm apart and tied with SUTLZ or any other
    thin strong string, or nailed. Lay and fix the
    reeds
    (phoons)/palmyrah
    leaves/coconut/rice
    paddy on the frame as close as possible in such
    a way that a thickness of 100 & 10 mm of the
    thatch may be obtained. The thatch is projected
    at least 300 to 450 mm outside the mud wall or
    supporting structure.
    The thatch is tied with
    the structure at different point to hold it firmly.
    T-o make that thatch fire retardant and waterrepellent, the top and bottom surfaces are to be
    plastered with bitumen stabilized mud.
    4. MATERIALS FOR FIRE RETARDANT
    TREAI MENT OF IHATCHES

    FOR ALL TYPES OF

    4.1 Bitumen - Homogeneous bitummen of SO/


    100 grade shall be used.
    (SOjlOO) is
    4.2 Cut-Back - Molten bitumen
    mixed with kerosene oil in the proportion of
    5 : 1. The mixture is stirred constantly till all the
    ingredients are mixed thoroughly and homogenously. For 18 kg cut-back, mix 15 kg melted
    bitumen (hot) into a container having 3 litres
    kerosene oil with constant stirring till hit mixes
    completely.
    25 to
    4.3 Soil - It shall have approximately
    35 percent clay content (KUCHHA pond soil).
    4.4 Mud - Mix 18 kg wheat straw or rice
    paddy (cut to 50 mm length approx) with every
    028 cubic mctre of soil and keep it wet for a
    week and knead daily. This ensures rotting of
    the BHUSA/paddy
    straw and increases its
    workability.
    4.5 Bitumen Stabilized Mud - For 028 cubic
    metre of mud, add 18 kg ( 4 percent ) cut-back
    and mix thoroughly
    by turning over the mud
    with spade and knead till a homogenous mixture
    is obtained.
    NOTE- No black spots of unmixed cut-back are

    6. PALMYRAH LEAVES THATCH


    6.1 Average Thickness - 75 mm of thatch plus
    25 mm bitumenized mud plaster on top surface
    and 10 mm on the bottom surface.
    6.2 Palmyrah Leaves - 90 numbers.
    6.3 Bamboo - 20 numbers ( 33 m and
    dia ).
    6.4 SUTLI - I.5 kg.

    50 mm

    6.5 Mud Bitumenized - 034 cubic metre.


    6.6 Wheat Straw - 24 kg
    7. COCONUT

    LEAVES T-HATCH

    -7.1 Thatch Roof Area -

    93 ma.

    7.2 Average Thickness - 25 mm of thatch plus


    25 mm mud plaster on top surface and 10 mm
    on the bottom surface.
    7.3 Coconut
    numbers.
    7 4 Bamboos

    Leaves

    ( Cad jan

    - 20 numbers

    Leaves ) -

    65

    ( 33 m long and

    2; mm dia ).
    7.5 SuTLZ-

    1 kg.

    7.6 Mud-Bitumenized

    034 cubic metre.

    7.7 Wheat Straw - 24 kg.


    7.8 Wooden Pole long.

    One, 100 mm dia and 33 m

    left in mud.

    8. RICE PADDY THATCH

    Cow dung and soil are mixed


    4.6 GOBRZtogether in nronortion of 1 : 1 with sufficient
    water to make a thin slurry. Bitumen cut-back
    is mixed at the rate of 64 kg per cubic metre.
    -u---

    4.7 Water Proof Solution ( 1 : 2 ) - One part


    of hot mohen bitumen is added into 2 parts Of
    kerosene oil and stirring continued
    till the
    homopenous solution is obtained.

    8.1 Thatch Roof Area - 93 m2.


    8.2 Average Thickness _ 150 mm of thatch plus
    25 mm mud plaster on top surface and 10 mm
    On the bottom surface*
    8.3 Rice Paddy _ 136 bundles ( each bundle is
    of 1 kg ).
    8.4 Bamboo 250 mm dia )

    4.8 Lime Wash - -4 lime wash dispersion made


    in water mixed with animal glue and ultramarine
    blue for whitening.

    8.5 SUTLZ 2

    23 numbers
    .

    1 kg.

    ( 33 m long and

    IS : 12506 - 1983
    8.6 Mud-Bitumenized

    8.7 Wheat Straw -

    24 kg.

    8.8 Wooden Pole -

    One, 100 mm dia and 33 m

    long.
    9. METHODOLOGY
    OF MAKING THATCH
    FIRE RETARDANT AND WATER
    REPELLENT
    9.1 A bitumen

    stabilized mud plaster applied on


    both the top and the bottom surface, S-10 mm
    thick, on the thatch made of palmyrah, coconut,
    reeds, rice paddy.
    On top surface, bitumen
    stablized mud plaster is applied in two stages.
    In the first stage, 10 mm thick mud plaster is
    applied and allowed to dry. In the second
    stage, 10 mm thick mud plaster is applied on
    dried mud plastered thatch and allow to dry.
    A GUBRZ ( one part of soil + one part of fresh
    GOBAR + cut-back ) is applied on both sides
    of the thatch and allowed to dry. On top dried
    surface, a water proofing
    solution
    ( 1 part
    bitumen i- 2 parts kerosene oil ) is applied with
    brush. Finally, two coats of either a lime wash
    mixed with animal glue or simple GOBRf
    may
    be applied in order to give a better appearance.
    Thus, thatch prepared becomes fire retardant
    and water repellent.
    9.2 Addition of -bitumen
    resistant and durable.
    10. FIRE PERFORMANCE

    makes

    thatch

    Flame - A steel rod of 6 mm


    diameter and 450 mm long is taken and at one
    end, about 10 g of cotton waste tied and soaked
    in 22 ml kerosene oil. This is ignited with the
    help of a match stick.
    10.5 Fire Retardant - Ignition source is ignited
    with pilot flame from one end to the other and
    stop clock started immediately.
    10.6 Both specimen thatches ( untreated
    and
    treated) are exposed to flame simultaneously.
    The height of the flame of ignition source is
    between 120 to 150 mm.
    10.7 Untreated thatch is ignited immediately
    and flame spreads on the top surface of thatch
    within 45-50 seconds and bursts into flames completely. The flame height is raised to about 2 m
    ( The untreated thatch generally collapses within
    85 to 90 seconds ).
    10.8 Fire retardant thatch is also exposed for
    the same period, that is, 90 seconds with the
    same intensitv of heat and flame. This ignition
    source is continued up to 3 minutes. It becomes
    incombustible if there is no ignition, no smouldering, no surface spread of flame and remains
    self extinguished.

    10.4 Pilot

    034 cubic metre.

    rot

    TEST OF

    THATCHES
    10.1 The specimen of treated thatch of dimension 1200 x 1 200 X 100 mm prepared as des-

    cribed in 3.1 and mounted on the stand in such


    a way that slope of thatch shall be 30.
    10.2 Untreated Thatch -A
    speciment of untreated thatch ofsize 1 200 X 1 200 X 100 mm mountled on the same stand keeping the slope 30
    along with treated thatch in exactly the same
    geometry.
    10.3 Ignition Source for Thatches - An angle
    iron of size 50 X 50 X 2 400 mm long is
    placed in a horizontal
    direction in V-shape
    just below the thatches ( untreated and treated )
    at 50 mm distance.
    The cotton waste or absorbant cotton, 90 + 1 g, is kept and spreaded
    uniformly inside V-shape angle iron. Kerosene
    oil 400 ml is used to imbue the cotton waste by
    polyethylene wash bottle.

    11. DURABILITY
    THATCH

    OF FlRE RETARDANT

    11.1 Fire retardant and water repellent thatches


    of reeds, palmyrah leaves, coconut leaves, and
    rice paddy become durable up to 8 to 10 years
    instead of general one year to two year life.
    11.2 Fire retardant thatches are not affected by
    strong winds, rains and natural weathering.
    11.3 It becomes rot resistant.
    12. FIRE PREVENTION
    FIRE RETARDANT

    MEASURES
    THATCH

    FOR

    12.1 Height of the thatch shall be 21 m .from


    the ground at the slopping end of the thatch.
    12.2 Materials, such as, leaves, sticks, bushes,
    cow dung cakes, creepers, etc, shall not b: kept
    on the fire retardant thatch.
    12.3 Thatch shall not be allowed to sag.
    12.4 Stones and brick-bats, etc, shall not be
    thrown on the thatch.
    12.5 If any crack or mud plaster peels off, it
    shall be repaired immediately.

    BUREAU OF IND~IAN STANDARDS


    Headquartersr
    Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,
    Telephones : 3310131, 3311375

    NEW DELHI

    110902

    Telegrams : Manaksanstha
    (Common to all Offices)

    Telephone

    Regional Offices?
    Central

    : Manak

    Bhavan,

    9 Bahadur

    *Eastern:

    l/14

    Northern

    : SC0 445-446,

    Southern

    : C.I.T. Campus,

    twestern:

    Shah Zafar Marg,

    C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V.I.P. Road, Maniktola,

    Manakalaya,

    Sector 35-C, CHANDIGARH


    MADRAS

    E9 MIDC,

    3310131,

    NEW DELHI 110002


    CALCUTTA

    362499

    700054

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    Andheri

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    ( East ), BOMBAY

    412519,

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    Branch Offices!
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    Gangotri

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    Plot No. 82/83,

    Shaikh

    5th Floor, Bhadbhada

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    Patliputra

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    Nagar, KANPUR
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    302005

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    800013
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    ) :

    Pushpanjali,
    1st Floor, 205A West High~Court
    Square, NAGPUR 440010
    Institution

    384955,

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    53627

    GUWAHATI

    P.O., ~Palyam, TRIVANDRUM

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    380001

    Building,

    Road, Shankar

    d]

    Nagar
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    -,

    c
    *Sales Office in Calcutta ia at 6 Chowrlnghea

    Approach,

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