Gramatica Engleza Esential

VERBUL - CONJUGAREA VERBELOR AUXILIARE
Verbele auxiliare be, have, do se utilizeaza in formarea timpurilor verbale, a formelor negative si
interogative.
Ex.:He is planning to get married soon.
I haven't seen Peter since last night.
Be, ca auxiliar, este folosit pentru a forma aspectul continuu, in combinatie cu participiul prezent.
Ex.:He is living in Germany.
Be, mpreuna cu participiul trecut formeaza diateza pasiva

Ex.:These cars are made in Japan.
Have in combinatie cu participiul trecut formeaza timpurile perfecte.

Ex.:I have changed my mind.
I wish you had met Guy.
Prezentul perfect continuu, trecutul perfect continuu sunt formate cu ambele auxiliare be si have:
Ex.:He has been working very hard recently.
She did not know how long she had been lying there.
Be si have se folosesc de asemenea ca auxiliare pentru a forma propozitii negative si interogative cu

timpurile continue si perfecte.
Ex.:He isn't going.
Hasn't she seen it yet?
Auxiliarul do se foloseste pentru a forma negativul si interogativul prezentului sau trecutului simplu.
Ex.:He doesn't think he can come to the party.
Do you like her new haircut?
Auxiliarul do se poate folosi cu verbe principale: do, have.
Ex.:He didn't do his homework.
He doesn't have any money.
In propozitii afirmative, dose foloseste doar pentru evidentiere sau contrast.
Ex.: I do feel sorry for Roger.
Varsta in limba engleza se exprima cu verbul to be(a fi) si nu cu to have(a avea):
How old are you?(hau uld ar iu )= Ce varsta aveti?/ Cati ani ai?
I am _____ years old. (ai m ____ irz uld)= Eu am.ani.
Ex:. I am 43 years old.[irz uld]
He is 32 years old.
Katy is 5 years old.
Mr. Carter is 55 years old.
1
Nu se foloseste niciodata auxiliarul do cu verbul to be.

Singura exceptie este imperativul:
Don't be stupid!
Do be a god boy and sit still!
TOBE=AFI
AJUTA LA CREAREA FORMEI CONTINUE A VERBELOR
AM/IS/ARE + VB-ING
PRESENTSIMPLEPRESENTCONTINUOUS
Arma ve Interroga ve
Nega ve
Arma ve
Interroga ve
Nega ve
Am
Am I?
Am not
Am being
Am I being?
Am not being
YOU
Are
Are you?
Are not
Are being
HE,SHE,IT
Is
Is he/she/it?
Is not
Is being
WE
Are
Are we?
Are not
Are being
THEY
Are
Are they?
Are not
Are being
Are you
being?
Is he/she/it
being?
Are we being?
Are not being
Are they
being?
Are not being
Is not being
Are not being
Verbul to have in engleza are sensul de baza a avea.

Se foloseste si in diverse expresii, precum have a shower (a face dus), have lunch (a lua pranzul), have a
break (a lua o pauza), etc.
De asemeni, se foloseste si ca verb auxiliar la formarea timpurilor Present Perfect Simple si Present Perfect
Continuous:
I have seen this film recently = Am vazut acest film recent.
Conjugarea verbului to have ca verb predicativ cu sensul de a avea este usor diferita de conjugarea verbului
auxiliar to have, ca parte din Present Perfect.
Conjugarea verbului to have = a avea si varianta informala have got.
TOHAVE=AAVEA
AJUTA LA FORMAREA PERFECTULUI VERBELOR
PRESENTSIMPLE
Nega ve
Have
Do I have?
I do not have
YOU
Have
HE,SHE,IT
Has
WE
Have
THEY
have
Do you
have?
Does
he/she/it
have?
Do we have?
Do they
have?
PRESENTCONTINUOUS
Nega ve
Am having
Am I having? Am not having
You do not
have
Does not
have
Are having
Do not have
Are having
Do not have
Are having
Is having
Are you
having?
Is he/she/it
having?
Are not having
Are we
having?
Are they
having?
Are not having
Is not having
Are not having
Nu
folosimauxiliarulDOlaformainteroga vasaunega vapentruconjugarealuiTOHAVEatuncicand:
Tohaveestefolositlaformarea mpurilorperfecte
CandTOHAVEexprimaposesiuneasauapartenenta
CandverbulTOHAVEpoatefiinlocuitcuverbulTOBE
HAVEGOT=AAVEA(CUSENSULDEADETINE,AFIINPROPRIETATEAA)
I
YOU
HE,SHE,IT
WE
THEY
PRESENTSIMPLE
Nega ve
Have got
Have I got?
Havent got
Have got
Have you
Havent got
got?
Hasnt got
Has got
Has
he/she/it
got?
Have got
Have we
Havent got
got?
Have got
Have they
Havent got
got?
PRESENTCONTINUOUS
Nega ve
Todo=aface
AJUTALACREAREAINTEROGATIVULUISINEGATIVULUI
VERBELOR
DO/DOES+VB
DO/DOESNOT+VB
PRESENTSIMPLE
Interroga ve
Nega ve
Do I do?
Do not do
PRESENTCONTINUOUS
Nega ve
Am doing
Am I doing?
Am not doing
Arma ve
Do
YOU
Do
Do you do?
Do not do
Are doing
HE,SHE,IT
Does
Does not do
Is doing
WE
Do
Does you
do?
Do we do?
Do not do
Are doing
THEY
do
Do they do?
Do not do
Are doing
Are you
doing?
Is he/he/it
doing?
Are we
doing?
Are they
doing?
Are not doing

Is not doing
Are not doing
Are not doing
Verbecarenuauformacon nuainlb.Engleza.
1. Verbele de perceptie
to feel, to hear, to notice, to see, to smell, to taste
ex: I see a red car.
TOTUSI, daca actiunea e una voluntara, una constienta se poate folosi aspectul continuu:
What are you seeing ? (se presupune ca persoana care vede ceva realizeaza o actiune voluntara; de exemplu: se
uita cu binoclu, s-a urcat pe ceva sa vada mai departe, etc)
DE ASEMENEA, daca sensul verbului nu mai este cel de baza, iar se poate folosi forma continua:
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I am seeing my dentist on Wednesday. (sensul nu mai e de a vedea ci de a fi consultat, de a se duce la)
2. Verbele care exprima activitati mentale

to agree, to believe, to distrust, to imagine, to doubt, to remember, to understand, to suppose, to
recognize, to forget, to think, to mean
NOTA: Daca se foloseste forma continua apare o modificare de sens:
I am thinking. (nu se spune si ce gandesc.)
3. Verbe care exprima dorinta

to wish, to want, to intend, to desire
ex: I wish to go there.
4. Verbe care exprima sentimente, atitudini, trairi emotionale

to love, to like, to dislike, to detest, to prefer, to abhor, to adore, to hate
ex.: I like it.
5. verbele modale
can, may, must, ought to
ex.: I can do it.
6. Verbe care exprima posesia

to posses, to owe, to belong to, to own, to keep, to hold
ex.: I keep it for me.
7. Alte verbe care nu pot avea forma continua

to expect, to suffice, to differ, to appear, to contain, to deserve
ex.: This movie appears to be interesting.
5
Homework
Conjuga urmatoareleverbe:
To watch =
To drive =
To write =
To think =
To go =
To understand =
To learn =
To eat =
To live =
To want =
PRESENTSIMPLE
Arma ve
Interroga ve
PRESENTCONTINUOUS
Nega ve
Arma ve
Interroga ve
Nega ve
YOU
HE,SHE,IT
WE
THEY
PRESENTSIMPLE
Arma ve
Interroga ve
PRESENTCONTINUOUS
Nega ve
YOU
HE,SHE,IT
WE
THEY
Arma ve
Interroga ve
Nega ve
PRESENTSIMPLE
Arma ve
Interroga
ve
PRESENTCONTINUOUS
Nega ve
Arma ve
Interroga v
e
Nega ve
YOU
HE,SHE,IT
WE
THEY
PRESENTSIMPLE
Arma ve
Interroga
ve
YOU
HE,SHE,IT
WE
THEY
PRESENTCONTINUOUS
Nega ve
Arma ve
Interroga v
e
Nega ve

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VERBUL - CONJUGAREA VERBELOR AUXILIARE

Be, mpreuna cu participiul trecut formeaza diateza pasiva

Have in combinatie cu participiul trecut formeaza timpurile perfecte.

Be si have se folosesc de asemenea ca auxiliare pentru a forma propozitii negative si interogative cu

Nu se foloseste niciodata auxiliarul do cu verbul to be.

Are not being

Are not being

Verbul to have in engleza are sensul de baza a avea.

Conjugarea verbului to have = a avea si varianta informala have got.

Are not having

Are not having

Are not having

Are not doing

I am seeing my dentist on Wednesday. (sensul nu mai e de a vedea ci de a fi consultat, de a se duce la)

2. Verbele care exprima activitati mentale

3. Verbe care exprima dorinta

4. Verbe care exprima sentimente, atitudini, trairi emotionale

6. Verbe care exprima posesia

7. Alte verbe care nu pot avea forma continua

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