Scribd
Upload
97 views2 pages

Elec102P Part I: Problem Sheet 3: C V DT DV R DT V D L

(1) The differential equation describing the voltage across a capacitor in a closed RLC circuit is derived. The general solution for lightly damped oscillations is written, showing the oscillation frequency and decay time constant. (2) Design specifications are given for an RLC circuit with impedance of 50Ω and Q-factor of 100 at 1krad/s resonant frequency. Expressions are derived for the current and voltages on a phasor diagram when driven by a 1V source at resonance. (3) Expressions are derived for the currents in each component of an RLC circuit in parallel with an AC voltage source. Resonant frequency and impedance properties are determined.

Uploaded by

profitmaker_2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
97 views2 pages

Elec102P Part I: Problem Sheet 3: C V DT DV R DT V D L

(1) The differential equation describing the voltage across a capacitor in a closed RLC circuit is derived. The general solution for lightly damped oscillations is written, showing the oscillation frequency and decay time constant. (2) Design specifications are given for an RLC circuit with impedance of 50Ω and Q-factor of 100 at 1krad/s resonant frequency. Expressions are derived for the current and voltages on a phasor diagram when driven by a 1V source at resonance. (3) Expressions are derived for the currents in each component of an RLC circuit in parallel with an AC voltage source. Resonant frequency and impedance properties are determined.

Uploaded by

profitmaker_2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

ELEC102P PART I: PROBLEM SHEET 3

Question 1
(i)

You have a resistor R, inductor L, capacitor C and a switch in a closed loop. The
capacitor initially has charge Q0 for t < 0 with the switch open. If the switch is then
closed at t = 0, show that the subsequent voltage vc(t) across the capacitor satisfies the
differential equation:
L

d 2v c
dt

(ii)

dv c v c

0
dt
C

If the system oscillates with lightly damped oscillations write down the general solution.
Show the system oscillates at frequency f = (1/2[(1/LC)-R2/4L2]1/2. Show that the
characteristic decay time (or time constant) for the exponential decay is = 2L/R.

(iii) What are the boundary conditions on vc and dvc/dt at t = 0? [Hint: for the second
condition, consider what happens to the 2nd derivative in the above equation if there is
any discontinuity (jump) in dvc/dt.]
(iv) Use the boundary conditions in (iii) to determine the unknown parameters in the general
solution and hence sketch vc(t).
(v)

Instead of letting it oscillate, you wish to optimise this system so that it settles as
quickly as possible after changes are made. If L = 0.1 mH and C = 1F what resistor R
would you need?

Question 2
(i)

Design a series LCR circuit that has an impedance of 50 at a resonant frequency of


0 = 1 krad/s, and a Q-factor of 100. Calculate the bandwidth of this circuit (i.e.,
between the power points).

(ii)

The circuit is driven by an ideal ac voltage source with peak amplitude of 1 V at


0 = 1 krad/s. Derive an expressions for the current, and the voltages across the resistor,
inductor and capacitor. Sketch the current and these voltages on a phasor diagram.

(iii) How could you use this circuit as a voltage amplifier? (Hint: look at your answer to ii.)
Do you suppose it can give power amplification?
(iv) How could you use the circuit as a bandpass filter with 0dB gain in the middle of the
pass band? (Hint: again look at your answer to ii.)
(v)

In the simplest crystal radios an LCR circuit connected to an antenna is used as a


resonant detector. It can be tuned to the carrier frequency of different radio stations by
using a variable capacitor to adjust the resonant frequency. But why would it be a good
idea to omit the resistor altogether, and to try and minimise the resistance of the wire
used to wind the inductor coil?

Question 3
An inductor L, capacitor C and resistor R are connected in parallel to an ideal ac voltage
source v(t) = V0exp(jt).
(i) Derive expressions for the current in each component.
(ii) If the condition for parallel resonance is defined in the same way as for the series case,
i.e, XL = XC, determine the resonant frequency 0. What happens to the total
impedance Z, the total admittance Y and the magnitude of the total current in this case?
(iii) Sketch phasor diagrams showing the current in each component and the applied
voltage at resonance, and at frequencies above and below resonance.
(iv) Sketch separate curves of the magnitude and phase of the total current versus
frequency. What kind of filter could this be useful for?
(v)

What would a plot of the magnitude of the voltage across circuit versus frequency look
like if you replaced the voltage source by an ideal current source?

Question 4
The voltage output vout of a linear network of passive components satisfies
d 2v out
dt 2

dv out
6v out v in (t )
dt

where vin is the input signal.


(i)

If vin = 20cos t, show the general solution is vout = Ae-2t + Be-3t + 2cost + 2sint where A
and B are constants. Determine these constants if vout(0) = 5 and vout(0) = -30.

(ii)

Determine the unit step response of this system. (Note the boundary conditions are
then vout(0) = 0 and vout (0) = 0.)

(iii)

From your answer to (ii) determine the unit impulse response of this system.

(iv)

Use the unit impulse response to find the output of the system if vin = e-t for t >0.
Sketch the input and output voltages on the same time axis. (Note for this
straightforward case you could also get to this result by the same method as (i)).

You might also like