Department of Civil Engineering \ Transportation

Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment

The National University of Malaysia
Semester II - Session 2015/2016

Task 7 \ ITS Deployment

Urban Traffic Management System

Name Student
Ameer Abdul Adheem Hussein
P81466

Lecturer
PROF. DATO' IR. DR RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH BIN
O.K. RAHMAT
Dr. MUHAMAD NAZRI BIN BORHAN

Task 7:
Supposed Kuala Lumpur will host the Football World Cup in 2026. The city will
be flogged by many people from all over the world and traffic demand is
expected to jump tremendously. In addition the traffic pattern will be far
different the exiting pattern and can be fluctuated abruptly. You are required to
give solution by proposing a new design and new architecture to replace the
existing urban traffic control system and use the system to influence shift from
private cars to public transport .
Your proposed system must include:
-

Third generation traffic control architecture.

Fully distributed processing system.
Public transport and active transport priority.
Advanced sensor such as video sensors.
Advanced travellers information system that includes public transport and
advanced GPS utilization.

Solution \\

Introduction:
Supposing that Kuala Lumpur will host the Football World Cup in 2026, this
event known as a planned special event, so a planned special event is a
public activity with scheduled time, location and duration that may impact the
normal operation of the surface transportation system due to increased travel
demand and/or reduced capacity attributed to event staging, So this situation
is complex because it involves a wide range of ministries, agencies,
professional organizations, and private companies in KL and those institutions
must contend with the transportation implications of hosting planned special
events. Events can be large or small; they can be scheduled only once or
repeat on a regular basis. All planned special events present challenges to
host communities. ITS, which include equipment to sense current traffic
conditions, to control traffic flow and to inform travelers of what to expect, as
well as centers to bring all these functions together, can help agencies meet
these challenges. And the transportation officials interviewed found that the
use of ITS helps to ease the congestion and frustration that accompany many
planned special events.

Kuala Lumpur intelligent urban traffic Control System

Plans at the 2026 football world cup event:
Kuala Lumpur's goal for planned special events management is to provide for
safe, convenient access to and from events while also providing an
acceptable level of service for other transportation system users. To achieve
this goal, the county uses an advanced traffic management system, the hub of
which is the Kuala Lumpurs traffic management center (TMC).

The TMC is the central location for monitoring and controlling traffic and
sharing information about transportation conditions in and around special
events (football world cup 2026). As part of the public safety communications
center, the TMC enables representatives from police, fire, 9-1-1, and the
emergency operations center to be co-located at the facility. Planned special
events are operated out of the TMC, which also oversees central
communications for Ride-On, Montgomery County's transit service.
Periodically, the command center functions for a special event will be moved
to a satellite location where ITS equipment within the event's vicinity are
remotely monitored and controlled, leaving the TMC to manage the rest of the
county's transportation system. ITS technologies that are used for operations
management at the TMC include.
Portable dynamic message signs: These portable signs are
deployed to strategic locations on arterial and local roads in advance of a
special event. Figure in down shows one of the signs in use during a
planned special event in Jalan Bukit Bintang - Kuala Lumpur. Messages
are pre-programmed, but may be changed in real time as conditions
warrant. The signs may be moved to different locations as needed during
an event, an advantage over permanent dynamic message signs.
Computerized traffic signal system: traffic staff uses this system
extensively in special event operations to accommodate unusual traffic
demands at local intersections and corridors. Transportation management
technicians in the Kuala Lumpur TMC or at a remote command post
actively make timing plan changes as conditions change.
Vehicle detection systems: when these systems are operated within
a special event area, they provide the TMC with insights into traffic flow.
The computerized signal system is capable of responding to inputs from
the detection system and modifying signal timing to alleviate congestion.
Regional Integrated Transportation Information System (RITIS): The
RITIS collects, consolidates, and disseminates TMC data from Seremban,
Ipoh, and Kota kinabalu. This information is available to public agencies
and to the traveling public, enabling all parties to learn about incidents or
other transportation issues that may affect trips in the Kuala Lumpur (area
of planned special event) and react accordingly.

In the meantime there is a new intelligent traffic light system will be applied in
Kuala Lumpur that expected to reduce gridlock in KUALA LUMPUR, a new
traffic management system called Traffic Sens would be implemented early
next year to provide a smoother traffic flow in various parts just outside the city
center, It was developed locally by Traffic Sens systems (M) Sdn Bhd, a
company given a government grant of RM1.8mil to research and develop the
system. The Traffic Sens system will be up and running after its integration
with DBKLs existing automated traffic management system in 62 locations
throughout Kuala Lumpur city center by April next year.
The company's managing director Datuk Tan Boon Hock mentioned that the
system has software that acquires and learn the traffic flow where it is
deployed and adjusts the traffic flow accordingly; it can be likened to having a
traffic policeman permanently stationed at each traffic light.
Through the Traffic Sens intelligent learning system, the stationary cop
would also be constantly communicating with other policemen to direct
oncoming traffic. With the development of smart-traffic management system,
traffic light timers that are being used presently to control the city's vehicle flow
are a thing of the past.

How to develop the system In order to suit the event:

The artificial intelligence that we developed for the traffic lights is able to
detect the volume of vehicles during peak hours and synchronize with its
peers to provide smooth flow, The Traffic Sens system is independent as it
has an early warning system that is hooked up to the traffic management
center via 3G mobile network. If there is a faulty light in the array of Traffic
Sens system, it will dispatch a warning via SMS to the command center. The
operators can tackle this immediately to prevent disruption in the traffic
management system where the Traffic Sens is deployed.
In downtown Toronto, Canada, the system was installed at 59 intersections
and the results showed a reduction in the average intersection delay ranging
from 27% to 39% and travel-time savings of 15% and 26% along the busiest
routes.
A spokesperson from Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) said they were in the
process of finalizing the details of the system. Currently, the hardware has
been installed in stages at certain traffic light junctions, but the system has yet
to go online. He said Traffic Sens. would enhance the existing Itaka and Scat
traffic light system used in some parts of the city.

One of the reasons why the Traffic Sens system was selected by DBKL was
the fact that it was locally developed; ministry of transportation in Malaysia
knows the importance of getting information out to travelers who may not be
familiar with local roads, or who have not attended a particular event
previously. To this end, so it uses a comprehensive set of traveler information
tools to assist motorists with information about their trips to and from the
venues that host planned special events.

These tools include the following:

Cable TV: During special events, the TMC offers a cable TV program that
provides audio from the traveler's advisory radio system, scrolling text with
traffic and incident information, and video feeds from traffic cameras. This
same type of show is used daily and for peak traffic periods seven days a
week .
Travelers advisory radio system: Twelve (12) transmitters are
placed throughout the Kuala Lumpur and simulcast travel information is
recorded by transportation management technicians in the Kuala Lumpur
TMC. The information includes any conditions related to a special event
that need to be relayed to the public .
Internet: Travel conditions are regularly updated on the Internet to
provide up-to-the-minute conditions for the entire transportation system in
general and special event conditions in specific. In the case of events that
have large attendance, such as our case (football world cup 2026),
Malaysian ministry of transportation typically creates customized pages
specifically for those events. Smaller events, however, are covered on the
agency's current incidents .
Media sharing: The TMC regularly shares information with the
broadcast media, and the media have access to the TMCs traffic camera
system.

My proposed system includes:

1- Third generation traffic control architecture:
Physically the system consists of four basic components, namely the
Smart Camera sensor for collecting traffic data, the Intelligent Controller
for controlling traffic flows at an individual intersection, the Intelligent
Coordinator for coordinating the timing of an individual controller with its
neigh our and the Smart Traffic Advisor. The Smart Advisor is an Expert
System that gives advice to the city traffic manager to disperse congested
traffic as quickly as possible.
A good communication system is very crucial in an urban traffic control for
the following purposes:
1) Synchronization of controller timer at each intersection for offset
implementation.
2) Exchange of traffic data between controllers.
3) Malfunction reporting from each controller to the control room .
4) Incident reporting to the control room.

2- Fully distributed processing system:

Wireless communication is a cornerstone of future Intelligent Transport
Systems (ITS). Many ITS applications require the dissemination of
information with a rapid and direct communication, which can be achieved
by ad hoc networking.Geo Networking is a network-layer protocol for
mobile ad hoc communication based on wireless technology, such asTSG5. It provides communication in mobile environments without the need
for a coordinating infrastructure.Geo Networking utilizes geographical
positions for dissemination of information and transport of data packets. It
offers communication over multiple wireless hops, where nodes in the
network forward data packets on behalf of each other to extend the
communication range. Originally proposed for general mobile ad hoc
networks, variants of Geo Networking have been proposed for other
network types, such as vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), mesh
networks and wireless
Sensor networks Therefore, Geo Networking can also be regarded as a
family of network protocols based on the usage of geographical positions
for addressing and transport of data packets in different types of networks.

3- Public transport and active transport priority:

A decent public transport system is taking into account the network effect'.
This is an interconnecting train, tram and bus system, where timetables
and exchanges correspond and interlock permitting 'anyplace to-anyplace'
traverse a city. It also has a system of public transport lines where the
structure is simple and the timetable is steady, making it easy for the
people to learn and comprehend it. While public transport critics regularly
assert that public transport just works in populaces with high thickness, the
confirmation indicates something else. Case in point, Toronto, Vancouver
and Zurich all have regions with lower densities than Melbourne, yet
quality public transport systems have been effectively acquainted with
these urban communities.

Public transport in Kuala Lumpur

4- Advanced sensor such as video sensors:

Traffic safety analysis has often been undertaken using historical collision
data. However, there are well-recognized availability and quality problems
associated with collision data. In addition, the use of collision records for
safety analysis is reactive: a significant number of collisions have to be
recorded before action is taken. Therefore, the observation of traffic
conflicts has been advocated as a complementary approach to analyze
traffic safety. However, incomplete conceptualization and the cost of
training observers and collecting conflict data have been factors inhibiting
extensive application of the technique. The goal of this research is to
develop a method for automated road safety analysis using video sensors
in order to address the problem of a dependency on the deteriorating
collision data. The method will automate the extraction of traffic conflicts
from video sensors data. This should address the main shortcomings of
the traffic conflict technique. This paper describes comprehensive system
for traffic conflict detection in video data. The system is composed of a
feature-based vehicle tracking algorithm adapted for intersections and a
traffic conflict detection method based on the clustering of vehicle
trajectories. The clustering uses a K-means approach with Hidden Markov
Models and a simple heuristic to find the number of clusters automatically.
Traffic conflicts can then be detected by identifying and adapting pairs of
models of conflicting trajectories. The technique is demonstrated on real
world video sequences of traffic conflicts.

5- Advanced travelers information system that includes

public transport and advanced GPS utilization:
Traveler information systems provide the transportation-system user with
information regarding one or more modes of transportation. This
information can be provided pre-trip or in-route. The user may access the
information at home, work, a transportation center, wayside stops, on
board the vehicle, or through various technologies while traveling.
Information that may be provided to the users is grouped into three
categories: General Information. The user is provided with information on
available transportation services in the region. Information that may be
identified includes transit services, bus or rail, taxi services, major
roadways, attractions, and other such information on operating agencies,
telephones numbers, and automated linking to agencies home pages.
Schedule Information. The user is provided with a time table/itinerary for a
given trip. Information may include details about the route, fare, schedules,
transfer requirements, bus stop locations, and maps. Operational
information. The user is provided with real-time status of the transportation
system or services. In the case of a transit agency, the patrons may obtain
information regarding expected arrival/departure times, delays, passenger
loading, and congestion so that the user may an informed decision with
regard to their trip and available alternatives. Pre-trip information may be
used to plan the mode of travel and/or best route. The pre-trip information
may be accessed through the use of:

Cable television.
Radio broadcasts.
Personal computers.
Personal communication devices.
Telephone.
Information kiosks.

Conclusion:
The use of ITS helps to ease the congestion and frustration that accompany
many planned special events. ITS offer benefits to all types of agencies that
host planned special events, from large urban areas that host special events
throughout the year to small rural areas that host only one or two events
annually. Transportation officials in localities around the country have
recognized the important role ITS technologies play in the success of their
planned special events. Many of these individuals also recognize that without
these technologies, managing the transportation needs of both event
attendees and local citizens would be a much more challenging proposition. A
key component to a successful event is not only the integration of different
traffic management system components and technologies, but also the
integration of the stakeholders themselves into a coordinated and cohesive
team. Without a well-established line of communication and a strong sense of
coordination among transportation agencies, law enforcement and public
safety agencies, emergency responders, event planners, the media, and
interested local parties, ITS technologies are simply expensive tools sitting in
a toolbox. No matter the type of event or its size, the most important element
is having a well-prepared plan and executing it with the full cooperation of all
of the organizations involved.