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    Facility Layout: "The Physical Arrangement of Resources (Including People) in The Production Process."

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    Ajinkya Adhikari
    Facility layout refers to the physical arrangement of resources, including equipment and people, within a manufacturing or service facility. The goals of facility layout planning are to minimize delays, maintain flexibility, use space and labor effectively, and promote efficiency, quality and employee/customer satisfaction. There are different types of layouts including process layouts, which group similar resources together, and product layouts, which are designed to efficiently produce a specific product using specialized resources. The best layout depends on factors like the product, volume, and required processing speeds. Layouts must also be revised over time due to changes in demand, technology or products.

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    Facility Layout: "The Physical Arrangement of Resources (Including People) in The Production Process."

    Uploaded by

    Ajinkya Adhikari
    71 views21 pages
    Facility layout refers to the physical arrangement of resources, including equipment and people, within a manufacturing or service facility. The goals of facility layout planning are to minimize delays, maintain flexibility, use space and labor effectively, and promote efficiency, quality and employee/customer satisfaction. There are different types of layouts including process layouts, which group similar resources together, and product layouts, which are designed to efficiently produce a specific product using specialized resources. The best layout depends on factors like the product, volume, and required processing speeds. Layouts must also be revised over time due to changes in demand, technology or products.

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    Facility layout refers to the physical arrangement of resources, including equipment and people, within a manufacturing or service facility. The goals of facility layout planning are to minimize delays, maintain flexibility, use space and labor effectively, and promote efficiency, quality and employee/customer satisfaction. There are different types of layouts including process layouts, which group similar resources together, and product layouts, which are designed to efficiently produce a specific product using specialized resources. The best layout depends on factors like the product, volume, and required processing speeds. Layouts must also be revised over time due to changes in demand, technology or products.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    71 views21 pages

    Facility Layout: "The Physical Arrangement of Resources (Including People) in The Production Process."

    Uploaded by

    Ajinkya Adhikari
    Facility layout refers to the physical arrangement of resources, including equipment and people, within a manufacturing or service facility. The goals of facility layout planning are to minimize delays, maintain flexibility, use space and labor effectively, and promote efficiency, quality and employee/customer satisfaction. There are different types of layouts including process layouts, which group similar resources together, and product layouts, which are designed to efficiently produce a specific product using specialized resources. The best layout depends on factors like the product, volume, and required processing speeds. Layouts must also be revised over time due to changes in demand, technology or products.

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    of 21

    Facility Layout

    The physical arrangement of


    resources (including people) in
    the production process.

    What Is Layout
    Planning
    Layout planning is determining the
    best physical arrangement of
    resources within a facility

    9-3

    Facility layout refers to the specific arrangement


    of physical facilities. Facility-layout studies are
    necessary whenever:

    1. a new facility is constructed,


    2. there is a significant change in demand or
    throughput volume,
    3. a new good or service is introduced to the
    customer benefit package, or
    4. different processes, equipment, and/or
    technology are installed.

    Purposes of layout studies are to:

    minimize delays in production, materials handling


    and customer movement
    maintain flexibility
    use labor and space effectively
    promote high employee morale and customer
    satisfaction
    provide for good housekeeping and maintenance
    enhance sales as appropriate in manufacturing and
    service facilities

    Importance of Facility Layout

    Minimize delays in production, materials handling and


    customer movement

    Maintain flexibility

    Use labor and space effectively

    Promote high employee morale and customer


    satisfaction
    Provide for good housekeeping and maintenance
    Enhance sales as appropriate in manufacturing and
    service facilities

    Minimum Equipment Investment

    Improved quality control

    Revision of Layout
    1.

    Expansion

    2.

    Technological Advancement

    3.

    Increase in the output of the existing product


    Introduction of a new product in the same line &
    Diversification of the lines of activity
    Replacement of labour by machines
    Developments in fuel and energy
    Development in process
    Development in materials
    Improvement in product design
    Advancement in IT

    Improvement in the layout

    Types of Layouts

    Process layouts:

    Product layouts:

    Designed to produce a specific product efficiently

    Hybrid layouts:

    Group similar resources together

    Combine aspects of both process and product layouts

    Fixed-Position layouts:

    Product is two large to move; e.g. a building

    Process Layouts

    General purpose & flexible resources


    Lower capital intensity & automation
    Higher labor intensity
    Resources have greater flexibility
    Processing rates are slower
    Material handling costs are higher
    Scheduling resources & work flow is more
    complex
    Space requirements are higher

    Process Layout for a Machine


    Shop

    Product Layouts

    Specialized equipment
    High capital intensity & wide use of
    automation
    Processing rates are faster
    Material handling costs are lower
    Less space required for inventories
    Less volume or design flexibility

    Product Layout for Wine Manufacturer

    Assembly Line Layout

    Comparison of Product vs. Product Layouts


    Process Layouts

    Product Layouts

    Products:

    large #, different

    small # efficiently

    Resources:

    general purpose

    specialized

    Facilities:

    more labor intensive

    more capital intensive

    Flexibility:

    greater relative to market

    lower relative to market

    Processing
    Rates:

    slower

    faster

    Handling costs: high

    low

    Space requirements: higher

    lower

    Designing Process Layouts

    Step 1: Gather information:

    Step 2: Develop alternative block plans:

    Space needed, space available, importance of


    proximity between various units

    Using trial-and-error or decision support tools

    Step 3: Develop a detailed layout

    Consider exact sizes and shapes of departments


    and work centers including aisles and stairways
    Tools like drawings, 3-D models, and CAD
    software are available to facilitate this process

    Process Layout Steps

    Step 1: Gather information like space needed, from-to matrix,


    and REL Chart for Recovery First Sports Medicine Clinic (total
    space 3750 sq. ft.)
    A
    Radiology

    B
    Laboratory

    400 sq. ft.

    300 sq. ft.

    C
    Lobby &
    Waiting
    300 sq. ft.

    D
    Examining
    Rooms
    800 sq. ft.

    E
    Surgery &
    Recovery
    900 sq. ft.

    F
    Physical
    Therapy
    1050 sq. ft.

    Fixed Position Layout

    9-19

    Cellular Manufacturing Layout

    Machines are grouped into cells


    Cell function like a product layout within a large
    shop or process layout.
    Each cell in the CM layout is formed to produce a
    single parts family- a few parts, all with common
    characteristics.
    These relate to the grouping of equipment and
    include faster processing time, less material
    handling, less work-in-process inventory, and
    reduced setup time.
    Used when the operations system must handle a
    moderate variety of products in moderate volumes

    Cellular Layout
    Process (Functional) Layout

    Group (Cellular) Layout


    A cluster
    or cell

    T
    T
    M
    M

    T
    T
    M
    M

    T
    T
    D
    D

    CG
    SG
    D
    D

    Similar resources placed


    together

    CG

    SG

    SG

    CG

    CG

    D
    D

    SG

    Resources to produce similar


    products placed together

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