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CHAP TWO Worked Example Engineering Mecha-I

1. The document contains solutions to multiple physics problems involving forces and moments. It calculates components of forces, magnitudes of resultant forces, and moments of forces about various points. 2. Methods used include resolving forces into horizontal and vertical components, applying trigonometric relationships to determine force magnitudes and angles, and using the principle of moments to calculate torques. 3. Diagrams are provided with each problem showing force orientations and dimensions to determine moment arms.

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258 views12 pages

CHAP TWO Worked Example Engineering Mecha-I

1. The document contains solutions to multiple physics problems involving forces and moments. It calculates components of forces, magnitudes of resultant forces, and moments of forces about various points. 2. Methods used include resolving forces into horizontal and vertical components, applying trigonometric relationships to determine force magnitudes and angles, and using the principle of moments to calculate torques. 3. Diagrams are provided with each problem showing force orientations and dimensions to determine moment arms.

Uploaded by

nvnrev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

A man pull with force of 300 N on a rope attached to a building as shown in fig, what are the
horizontal and vertical components of the force exerted by the rope at point A.

6m
a
300N

Solution:
tanb =6/8=0.75, b=tan-1(0.75)=36.870

a=900-36.870=53.130 possible to use both bor a

Fx=Fcos36.870=300N cos36.870= 300sin 53.130


Fy= -Fsin36.870 =-300N sin36.870=-300N cos53.130
2. The cable AB prevents bar OA from rotating clockwise about the pivot O. If the cable tension
750N, determine the n- and t-components of this force acting on point A of the bar.

AB2 = 1.22 + 1.52 -2*1.2*1.5 cos1200 =2.34m


sina/1.2 = sin 1200/2.34 , a=26.30
Tn=Tsin a=750sin 26.30 =333 N

Tt = -Tcosa =-750cos26.30 = -672 N

3.In the design of a control mechanism, it is determined that rod AB transmits a 260-N force P to
the crank BC.Determine the x and y scalar components of P
P=260 N

Solution:
Hypotenuse=

52 +122

=13

Px=- P cos 210=-260(12/13)= -240 N

Py=-Psin210 -260(5/13)= - 100 N

4.Determine the resultant R of the two forces shown by a) applying the parallelogram rule for
vector addition b) summing scalar components.

Solution:
Laws of cosines:
R2=6002+4002 -2*600*400cos 600= 529N
Laws of sines:
529/sin600 =600/sin a , a=79.10

b) Rx=SFx= 600cos 600 -400= -100 N

Ry=SFy = 600sin 600+0= 520 N


SO, R= -100i +520 j N

5.

6.If the equal tension T in the pulley cable are 400 N, express in vector notation the force R
exerted on the pulley by the two tensions. Determine the magnitude of R.

Solution:
RX= SFX=400+400cos600=600 N

RY=SFY=400sin600=346 N
R = 600 i +346 j
R= 6002 + 3462

=693 N

7. Determine the resultant of the three forces below.

Solution:
F x = 350 cos 25 o + 800 cos 70o - 600 cos 60o
= 317.2 + 273.6 - 300 = 290.8 N
F y = 350 sin 25 o + 800 sin 70o + 600 sin 60o
= 147.9 + 751 + 519.6 = 1419.3 N
i.e. F = 290.8 N i + 1419.3 N j
Resultant, F

290.82 1419.32 1449 N

tan 1
F = 1449 N

1419.3
78.4 0
290.8
78.4 o

8.The two structural members, one of which is in tension and the other in compression, exert the
indicated forces on joint O. Determine the magnitude of the resultant R of the two forces and the
angle which R makes with the positive x-axis.(exercise)

9.A force F of magnitude 40N is applied to the gear. Determine the moment of F about point O.

Solution:

10.A 200 N force acts on the bracket as shown determine the moment of force about A
(principle of moment)

Given F=200N = 45o


Required MA =?
Solution Resolve the force into components F1 am F2
F1= F cos ,F1=200 cosine 45o =141.42N.
F2= F sin , F2 = 200 sin 45o= 2.468N.
We know that MA = 0
MA = moment produce due to component F1+ moment produce due to component F2.
=F1 x r1+ F2 x r2.
Let us consider that clock wise moment is + ve.
+ MA = F1 x r1+ F2 x r2
= - 141.42 x 0.1 + 2.468 x (0.1 +0.1)
= - 13.648 N
= 13 .648 N anti clock wise.
11. Determine the moment of couple acting on the moment shown (COUPLE)

Given
F1=200 N, L1=4m F2=200 N , L2 = 2m.
Required Moment of couple = M =?
Working Formula M = F x r.
Solution
Put the values in working formula
M= (-F1xL1) + (-F2 xL2)
= (-200N x4m) + (-200Nx2m)
=-800N.m -400N.m
=-1200N.m
= 1200N.m CW
12. Determine the moment of couple acting on the moment shown.

Given F1=F2 =90lb F3 = F4 = 120lb.


Required Moment of couple = M=?
Solution The moment of couple can be determined at any point for example at A, B or D.
Let us take the moment about point B
MB = F R.
+
= -F1 x r1 F2 x r2.
= - 90(3) 120 (1)
= - 390 lb ft
Result MB = MA=MD =390 lb .ft counter clock wise.
Moment of couple (M) = 390 lb.ft counter clockwise (CCW)
13. For each case illustrated in Fig. below, determine the moment of the force about point O.
Solution (scalar analysis)
The line of action of each force is extended as a dashed line in order to establish the moment arm
d. Also illustrated is the tendency of rotation of the member as caused by the force. Furthermore,
the orbit of the force about O is shown as a colored curl. Assuming clockwise positive

Thus,
Fig.a
Fig b
Fig c
Fig.d
Fig e

MO = (100 N)(2 m) = 200 N. m CW


MO = (50 N)(0.75 m) = 37.5 N.m.CW
MO = (40 lb)(4 ft + 2 cos 30ft) = 229 lb.ftb CW
MO = (60 lb)(1 sin 45ft) = 42.4 lb.ft CCW
MO = (7 kN)(4 m - 1 m) = 21.0 kN.m. CCW

14. Determine the resultant moment of the four forces acting on the rod shown in Fig. below
about point O .

SOLUTION
Assuming that positive moments act in the +k direction, i.e., counterclockwise, we have
+ (MR)O = _Fd;
(MR)O = -50 N(2 m) + 60 N(0) + 20 N(3 sin 300 m) -40 N(4 m + 3 cos 300m)
(MR)O = -334 N. m = 334 N.m CW
For this calculation, note how the moment-arm distances for the 20-N and 40-N forces are
established from the extended (dashed) lines of action of each of these forces.
15. Determine the moment produced by the force F in Fig. tree shown below a about point O .
Express the result as a Cartesian vector.
Solution
As shown in Fig. b , either rA or rB can be used to determine the moment about point O . These
position vectors are rA = {12k} m and rB = {4i + 12j} m
Force F expressed as a Cartesian vector is

Thus

OR

NOTE: As shown in Fig. b , MO acts perpendicular to the plane that contains F, rA, and rB . Had
this problem been worked using MO = Fd, notice the difficulty that would arise in obtaining the
moment arm
16.Two forces act on the rod shown in Fig. a . Determine the resultant moment they create about
the flange at O . Express the result as a Cartesian vector.

Solution
Position vectors are directed from point O to each force as shown in Fig. b . These vectors are
17. Determine the moment of the force in Fig. below a about point O .(PINCIPLE OF MOMENT)

Solution i
The moment arm d in Fig. a can be found from trigonometry.
d = (3 m) sin 750 = 2.898 m
Thus,

MO = Fd = (5 kN)(2.898 m) = 14.5 kN. m


Since the force tends to rotate or orbit clockwise about point O , the moment is directed into the
page.
Solution ii
The x and y components of the force are indicated in Fig. b . Considering counterclockwise
moments as positive, and applying the principle of moments, we have
+ MO = -Fxdy - Fydx
= -(5 cos 450KN)(3 sin 300m) - (5 sin 450 KN)(3 cos 300m)= -14.5 KN. m = 14.5 KN.m
Solution iii
The x and y axes can be set parallel and perpendicular to the rods axis as shown in Fig. c . Here
Fx produces no moment about point O since its line of action passes through this point.
Therefore,
+ MO = -Fy dx
= -(5 sin 750kN)(3 m) = -14.5 kN.m = 14.5 kN.m CW
18. Force F acts at the end of the angle bracket in Fig a . Determine the moment of the force
about point(p .m)

Solution i (scalar analysis)


The force is resolved into its x and y components, Fig. b , then
+ MO = 400 sin 300N(0.2 m) - 400 cos 300 N(0.4 m) = -98.6 N.m = 98.6 N.m
or
MO = {-98.6k} N.m
Solution ii (vector analysis)
Using a Cartesian vector approach, the force and position vectors, Fig. c , are r = {0.4i - 0.2j} m
F = {400 sin 300i - 400 cos 300 j} N = {200.0i - 346.4j} N
The moment is therefore

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