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    Semi Micro Qualitative Analysis of Simple Inorganic Salt

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    Anand Babu
    The document describes the qualitative analysis of an unknown inorganic salt through a series of preliminary and confirmatory tests. The preliminary tests identified the acid radical as sulfate (SO4-2) based on its reactions with barium chloride and lead acetate solutions. The basic radical was found to be magnesium (Mg+2) as confirmed by the formation of a white crystalline precipitate with ammonium phosphate. Through these reactions, the unknown salt was identified as magnesium sulfate (MgSO4).

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    Semi Micro Qualitative Analysis of Simple Inorganic Salt

    Uploaded by

    Anand Babu
    5K views14 pages
    The document describes the qualitative analysis of an unknown inorganic salt through a series of preliminary and confirmatory tests. The preliminary tests identified the acid radical as sulfate (SO4-2) based on its reactions with barium chloride and lead acetate solutions. The basic radical was found to be magnesium (Mg+2) as confirmed by the formation of a white crystalline precipitate with ammonium phosphate. Through these reactions, the unknown salt was identified as magnesium sulfate (MgSO4).

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    SEMI MICRO QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE INORGANIC SALT.docx

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    The document describes the qualitative analysis of an unknown inorganic salt through a series of preliminary and confirmatory tests. The preliminary tests identified the acid radical as sulfate (SO4-2) based on its reactions with barium chloride and lead acetate solutions. The basic radical was found to be magnesium (Mg+2) as confirmed by the formation of a white crystalline precipitate with ammonium phosphate. Through these reactions, the unknown salt was identified as magnesium sulfate (MgSO4).

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    5K views14 pages

    Semi Micro Qualitative Analysis of Simple Inorganic Salt

    Uploaded by

    Anand Babu
    The document describes the qualitative analysis of an unknown inorganic salt through a series of preliminary and confirmatory tests. The preliminary tests identified the acid radical as sulfate (SO4-2) based on its reactions with barium chloride and lead acetate solutions. The basic radical was found to be magnesium (Mg+2) as confirmed by the formation of a white crystalline precipitate with ammonium phosphate. Through these reactions, the unknown salt was identified as magnesium sulfate (MgSO4).

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 14

    SEMI MICRO QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE

    INORGANIC SALT
    I. PRELIMINARY TEST
    OBSERVATION

    1.

    INFERENCE

    EXPERIMENT
    Colour and
    appearance :

    2. Solubility:

    A pinch of the salt is


    shaken with test
    tube of water

    a. soluble

    a. S.S. prepared in
    water

    b. insoluble
    b. S.S prepared in
    dil.HCl

    II. IDENTIFICATION OF ACID RADICAL


    Reactions of group-I acid
    radical
    OBSERVATION
    3.

    EXPERIMENT
    Salt + dil. H2SO4
    Pass the gas through
    lime water.

    INFERENCE

    Brisk effervescence ,
    a colorless gas is
    evolved.
    -

    Lime water turns


    milky.

    Carbonate ion (CO3 2)


    is present and
    confirmed

    Reactions of group-II acid


    radical
    4. Salt + Conc. H2S O4
    in a dry test tube.

    a. vigorous reaction ,a
    colorless gas which
    gives dense white
    fumes with a glass rod
    dipped NH4OH shown
    near the mouth of the
    T.T
    b. reddish brown
    vapours are evolved

    a. Chloride ion (Cl- ) is


    present

    b. Bromide ion (Br- ) is


    present

    5.

    To the above solution


    add copper turnings
    and heat

    c. Violet vapours are


    evolved.

    c. Iodide ion is
    present.

    Reddish brown fumes


    are evolved and the
    solution turns blue.

    nitrate ion (NO3-)is


    present

    Confirmatory test for Cl-

    , Br- , I-

    (Silver nitrate test)


    6.

    S.S + dil.HNO3 +
    AgNO3

    a. curdy white ppt


    soluble in excess of
    NH4OH
    b. pale yellow ppt
    sparingly soluble in
    excess of NH4OH
    c. yellow ppt insoluble
    in excess of NH4OH

    confirmed

    b. Br-

    confirmed

    a. Cl

    c. I-

    confirmed

    Confirmatory test for Cl- (Chromyl


    chloride test)
    7.

    Salt+ potassium
    dichromate solid +
    Conc. H2SO4 + heat
    Pass the gas that is
    evolved through
    NaOH solution.
    The solution is
    acidified with acetic
    acid and add lead
    acetate solution .

    8.

    Orange red vapours


    Solution become
    Yellow

    Cl-

    confirmed

    Yellow ppt

    Confirmatory test for NO3- (Brown ring test)


    S.S+ freshly prepared A brown ring is formed Nitrate ion (NO3-)
    Fe SO4 solution+ Con.
    H2SO4 along the sides
    of the test tube

    at the junction of two


    liquids

    confirmed

    Reactions of group-III acid


    radical

    OBSERVATION
    9.

    EXPERIMENT
    Test for Sulphate:
    S.S + BaCl2 solution.

    A white ppt insoluble


    in dil.HCl even on
    heating

    INFERENCE
    SO4

    -2

    present

    Confirmatory test for Sulphate


    ion
    10
    .

    Lead acetate test:


    S.S + acetic acid +
    lead acetate solution.

    White ppt

    SO4 2confirmed

    The acid radical was found to


    be

    III. IDENTIFICATION OF BASIC RADICAL


    Reactions of group zero basic
    radical
    OBSERVATION

    INFERENCE

    EXPERIMENT
    11
    .

    Test for NH4 ion:


    Salt + NaOH solution
    + boil

    A pungent smelling
    gas which gives dense
    white fumes glass rod

    NH4

    ion is present

    with a glass rod


    dipped in Conc.HCl is
    evolved

    Confirmatory test for NH4+ ion


    12
    .

    Nesslers reagent
    test:
    S.S + Nesslers
    reagent

    Reddish brown ppt

    NH4

    ion is confirmed

    Preparation of Salt solution: A concentrated solution of the given salt is


    prepared by dissolving it in..

    Group-I GroupII
    S.S +
    dil.HCl

    No ppt
    Pb+2
    absent

    S.S +
    dil.HCl+
    H2S(g)

    No ppt
    Cu+2
    absent

    Group-III

    Group separation chart


    Group-IV
    Group-V Group-VI

    S.S +
    NH4Cl(s)+
    NH4OH (Ex)

    S.S +
    NH4Cl(s)+
    NH4OH (Ex)
    + H2S(g)

    S.S +
    NH4Cl(s)+
    NH4OH
    (Ex) +
    (NH4)2CO3

    No
    common
    group
    reagent

    Gelatinous
    white ppt
    Al+3 present

    Greyish
    white ppt
    Zn+2 present
    Buff ppt
    Mn+2 present
    Black ppt

    White ppt

    Mg+2 may
    be
    present

    Ba+2 / Sr+2/
    Ca+2
    present

    Ni+2 / Co+2

    No ppt
    Al+3 absent

    present
    No ppt
    +2

    No ppt
    +2

    Zn / Mn /
    Ni+2 / Co+2

    Ba+2 / Sr+2/
    Ca+2

    absent

    absent

    Reactions of group-III basic


    radical
    OBSERVATION
    13
    .

    EXPERIMENT
    S.S + NH4OH solution
    drop by drop to
    excess.

    White gelatinous ppt


    insoluble in excess.

    INFERENCE
    Al+3 present

    Confirmatory test for Al+3


    14
    .

    S.S + NaOH solution


    drop by drop to
    excess.

    White gelatinous ppt


    which is soluble in
    excess NaOH.
    Al+3 confirmed

    To the above solution


    add NH4Cl(s) and
    warm.

    White gelatinous ppt


    reappears.

    Reactions of group-IV basic radical


    15

    S.S + NaOH solution


    drop by drop.

    a. white ppt soluble in


    excess

    a. Zn+2 present
    b. Mn+2 present

    b. white ppt insoluble


    in excess of NaOH
    turns brown on
    exposure to air

    Confirmatory test for Zn +2


    16
    .

    S.S+ potassium
    Pale green ppt
    ferrocyanide solution.

    Zn+2 confirmed

    Confirmatory test for Mn+2


    17
    .

    S.S+ PbO2 (s)+ Con.


    HNO3 boil, cool and
    dilute with water

    Supernatant solution
    turns pink in colour

    Mn+2 confirmed

    Confirmatory test for Co+2


    18
    .

    S.S+ NH4OH
    solution+ acetic acid

    Yellow ppt

    Co+2 confirmed

    solution + crystals of
    potassium nitrite.
    warm.

    Confirmatory test for Ni+2


    19
    .

    S.S+ NaOH + few


    drops of dimethyl
    glyoxime

    Bright red ppt

    Ni+2 confirmed

    Reactions of group-V basic


    radical
    OBSERVATION
    20
    .

    EXPERIMENT
    S.S+ acetic acid+
    potassium chromate
    solution.

    Yellow ppt.

    INFERENCE
    Ba+2 present.

    Confirmatory test for Ba+2


    21
    .

    22
    .

    Salt + Conc.HCl
    .make a paste with
    glass rod and then
    introduced it into the
    flame.
    S.S + ammonium
    Sulphate solution.

    Apple green colour is


    imparted to the flame.

    white ppt

    Ba+2 confirmed.

    Sr+2 present

    Confirmatory test for Sr+2


    23
    .

    24
    .

    Salt + Conc.HCl
    .make a paste with
    glass rod and then
    introduced it into the
    flame
    S.S+ NH4OH
    solution+ ammonium
    oxalate solution.

    Crimson red colour is


    imparted to the flame

    Sr+2 confirmed

    White ppt

    Ca+2 present

    Confirmatory test for Ca+2


    25
    .

    Salt + Conc.HCl
    .make a paste with

    Brick red colour is


    imparted to the flame

    Ca+2 confirmed

    glass rod and then


    introduced it into the
    flame

    Reactions of group-VI basic


    radical
    26
    .

    S.S + NH4Cl(s)+
    NH4OH (Ex)
    +ammonium
    phosphate (scratch
    the inner side of the
    test tube with a glass
    rod)

    Result:

    White crystalline ppt

    Mg+2 present and


    confirmed

    The acid radical was found to be.

    The basic radical was found to be


    The salt is

    -2

    SCO3

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