Chapter 22 - Kinetic and potential energy
Q.I) Multiple choice questions. Tick the correct answer from the options given below.
1. The diagram shows a man diving into water. (0625_s04_qp_1 - 10)
Which form of energy is increasing as he falls?
A. chemical
B. gravitational
C. kinetic
D. strain
2. If
A.
B.
C.
D.
velocity reduces to half of its original velocity, then kinetic energy,
increases by two times of its original kinetic energy
reduces to half of its original kinetic energy
increases by four times of its original kinetic energy
reduces to one-fourth of its original kinetic energy
3. If you increase _________ and __________ then you will increase the objects
amount of potential energy.
A. mass, acceleration
B. mass, speed
C. mass, height
D. mass, velocity
4. How can you increase the potential energy of a diver in the Olympics?
A. go to a lower diving board
B. go to a higher diving board
C. jump
D. work out and loose weight
5. A cyclist travels down a hill from rest at point X without pedalling.
The cyclist applies his brakes and the cycle stops at point Y. (0625_w06_qp_110)
Which energy changes have taken place between X and Y?
A. kinetic internal (heat) gravitational potential
B. kinetic gravitational potential internal (heat)
C. gravitational potential internal (heat) kinetic
D. gravitational potential kinetic internal (heat)
Q.II) Answer the following.
1.
Fig. 1.1 shows the descent of a sky-diver from a stationary balloon. (0625_s13_qp_31
-3)
Fig. 1.1 (not to scale)
The sky-diver steps from the balloon at a height of 2000 m and accelerates downwards.
His speed is 52 m / s at a height of 500 m.
He then opens his parachute. From 400 m to ground level, he falls at constant speed.
(a) The total mass of the sky-diver and his equipment is 92 kg.
(i) Calculate, for the sky-diver,
I. the loss of gravitational potential energy in the fall from 2000 m to 500 m,
loss of gravitational potential energy = ..........................................
II. the kinetic energy at the height of 500 m.
kinetic energy = .................................................
(ii) The kinetic energy at 500 m is not equal to the loss of gravitational potential
energy.
Explain why there is a difference in the values.
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2. A childs toy launches a model parachutist of mass 0.40 kg vertically upwards. The
model parachutist reaches a maximum height of 8.5 m. (0625_w13_qp_33 4)
(a) Calculate
(i) the gravitational potential energy gained by the model parachutist,
energy = .................................................
(ii) the minimum possible speed with which the model parachutist was launched.
speed = .................................................
(b) In practice, the launch speed must be greater than the value calculated in (a)(ii).
Explain why.
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(c) As the model parachutist returns to the ground, it loses gravitational potential
energy.
Explain what happens to this energy as the model parachutist falls through the air at
constant speed.
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3. Fig. 3.1 shows water falling over a dam. (0625_w06_qp_3 3)
Fig. 3.1
(a) The vertical height that the water falls is 7.0 m.
Calculate the potential energy lost by 1.0 kg of water during the fall.
potential energy = ........................
(b) Assuming all this potential energy loss is changed to kinetic energy of the water,
calculate the speed of the water, in the vertical direction, at the end of the fall.
speed = ........................
(c) The vertical speed of the water is less than that calculated in (b). Suggest one
reason for this.
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