4 Channel Relay Controller Board

User Guide

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Rev 8

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4 Channel Relay Controller Board User Guide

Introduction
Numato Lab's 4 Channel Controller Board is a smart choice for controlling higher current loads from
your micro controller development board or a PC parallel port. This board has four on-board relays
which can switch up to 10A. All relay terminals (C, NC, NO) are accessible through screw terminals
which makes wiring up the board very easy. The relays are driven by popular darlington array
ULN2003. Relay coil is rated for 12VDC.
Some of the possible uses of this module include
Home Automation
Lighting Control
Garden Equipment Control
Industrial Automation
Test Fixtures
DIY and Hobby
This module has four on board relays and associated drivers capable of controlling a large number of
devices including lamps, motors, locks etc...

Features
1. Very compact and easy to wire up.
2. Connects directly to TTL devices (Microcontrollers, Arduino etc..).
3. Four Relays with three pin screw terminals for easy connectivity.

4 Channel Relay Controller Board User Guide

How to use the module

The following section describes how to use this module.

Components/Tools required
Along with the module, you may need the items in the list below for easy and fast installation.

1. 12V DC supply.
2. Medium size screw driver.

Connection Details
IMPORTANT Please exercise utmost caution while working with electrical mains or other
high voltages. Failure to comply with safety regulations may result in injury and or death.

Connection Diagram

Above image shows basic connection diagram that can be used in most of the situations. The
connection diagram is same for both AC and DC loads. Please make sure to use a freewheeling diode
or snubber circuit if the load is inductive. More details about using inductive loads is available
elsewhere in this document. It is important to make sure that the wires used to connect loads are
sufficiently rated to handle expected load current. Exercise caution while working with high voltages.
The following sections identify individual connections in detail.

4 Channel Relay Controller Board User Guide

Relay Contacts
All contacts on each relay is available externally on screw terminals for easy user access. The relays are
rated for AC and DC supply voltages. Please see the electrical parameter table for more details. Each
relay has three contacts(C, NO and NC). C is the common terminal and is
used in both normally open and normally closed positions. The contacts NC
and C will be connected when the relay is turned off and will be
disconnected when relay is turned on. And vice versa, the contacts C and
NO will be disconnected when relay is turned off and will be connected
when the relay is turned on. Table below summarizes possible relay contact
positions.
Relay State Connection between NC and C Connection between NO and C
OFF

Close

Open

ON

Open

Close

DC Power Supply
This module uses +12V supply for the relay coils. The +12V supply for the relay coils is not optional
and the relay will not switch without this supply. Any off the shelf 12V DC power supply can be used
for this purpose. Make sure to connect the power supply in correct polarity. Connect the positive
terminal of the power supply to the +12 terminal on the module. Connect negative terminal of the
power supply to GND terminal of the module. Connecting power supply incorrectly can cause damage
to the module and/or other devices.

Triggering Relay
The relays on the board can be either turned on by using micro controller or DC power supply with a
series resistor 2.2K ohm. The triggering pins are marked as RL0 to RL3 respectively.
Trigger In

Relay

RL0

Relay 0

RL1

Relay 1

RL2

Relay 2

RL3

Relay 3

4 Channel Relay Controller Board User Guide

Additional Information
Using relay modules with inductive loads
It is important to take additional care when using relays with inductive loads. An inductive load is
pretty much anything that has a coil and works
based on magnetic principles like Motors, Solenoids
and transformers. Inductive loads produce back emf
when the magnitude of the load current changes.
The back emf can be in the order of tens or even
hundreds of voltage (See this Wikipedia article
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterelectromotive_force). This effect is most severe
when power is disconnected from inductive load
because the rate of change of current is maximum at
that point. Even though the back emf lives only for a
very short time (a few milliseconds) it can cause
sparks between the relay contacts and can deteriorate the contact quality over time and reduce the
life span for the relays considerably.
So it is important to take countermeasures to suppress the back emf to acceptable levels to protect
relay contacts. Usually this requires connecting electronic devices in parallel with the load such that
they absorb the high voltage components generated by the load. For solenoids, connecting a diode
(fast switching diode is recommended) in parallel to the load (in reverse direction to the load current)
is very effective. A diode used for this purpose is usually called a freewheeling diode. Please see the
diagram on the right for connection details.
A capacitor with proper rating is recommended for protecting the relay contacts when a motor is used
as load. The capacitor should be rated enough to withstand the back emf that is generated by the
motor. Please see the diagram below for connection details

Please note that the relay modules are NOT shipped with back emf suppression devices pre-installed.

4 Channel Relay Controller Board User Guide

The exact kind of suppression device and the parameters of the selected device can vary depending
on the load itself. Some of the parameters that affects the suppression device selection are the
inductance of the load, power supply voltage, load current, physical size/structure of the load etc.. It
is obvious that it is impossible for us to predict these parameters and design required back emf
suppression device and incorporate that on the board. So we believe this is a task best left to the
module user. There is an excellent article on designing back emf suppression on Wikipedia at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyback_diode

4 Channel Relay Controller Board User Guide

Technical Specifications
Parameter *

Value

Unit

Basic Specifications
Number of relays

Relay Specifications
Nominal relay coil voltage

12

Nominal coil power consumption (per relay)

360

mW

Relay contact material

Silver Alloy

Contact rating

1A: 10A 240VAC/

12A 120VAC
1C: 7A 240VAC/ 10A
120VAC

Maximum switching voltage

250VAC/ 30VDC

Maximum switching current

15

Maximum switching power

2770VA/ 240W

Contact resistance (initial)

100 Min at 6VDC 1A m

Life expectancy (Electrical)

100,000

Operations

Life expectancy (Mechanical)

10,000,000

Operations

Nominal insulation resistance

100 Min at 500VDC M

Maximum switching on response time

10

mS

Maximum switching off response time

mS

*
*

All parameters considered nominal. Numato Systems Pvt Ltd reserve the right to modify products without notice.
http://kyotarelays.com/datasheets/KT%20603.pdf

4 Channel Relay Controller Board User Guide

FAQ
Q. I need a customized version of this product, can Numato do the customization for me?
A. Yes, we can definitely do customization but there may be minimum order requirements depending on the level of
customization required. Please write to [email protected] for a quote.
Q. Where can I buy this product?
A. All Numato products can be ordered directly from our web store http://www.numato.com. We accept major credit
cards and Paypal and ship to almost all countries with a few exceptions. We do have distributors in many countries where
you can place your order. Please find the current list of distributors at http://numato.com/distrib.

Physical Dimensions

Schematics
See next page.

4 Channel Relay Controller Board User Guide

LED0
2

VRELAY

1
2
3

K1

NC
C
NO

K4

NC
C
NO

RL0

2K2
R3

D3

LED1
2

VRELAY

RELAY 0

COM

2
LED2
2

B
5

D1

RL2

0.1MFD

B
C

GND
C7

IC2

RELAY 1

1
2
3

K2

NC
C
NO

K3

NC
C
NO

P2

+12V
B

1 VRELAY

RL0
RL1
RL2
RL3
GND

P1

16
15
14
13
12
11
10

2K2
R5

GND

1
2
3
4
5

O1
O2
O3
O4
O5
O6
O7

VRELAY

PWR_FLAG

I1
I2
I3
I4
I5
I6
I7

1
2
3

VRELAY

ULN2003
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

RL1

2K2
R4

D4

LED3
2

VRELAY

RELAY 2

1
2
3

RL3

2K2
R2

D2

RELAY 3
C

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Numato Lab
File: 4ChannelRelayContollerBoard.sch
Sheet: /
Title: 4ChannelRelayContollerBoard
Size: A4
Date: 25 jun 2014
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Rev:
Id: 1/1
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