100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428 Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel,
Heat Resistant, for General Application1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 297/A 297M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ments of Specification A 781/A 781M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements of this specification and Specification A 781/ A 781M, this specification shall prevail.
1. Scope 1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium and ironchromium-nickel alloy castings for heat-resistant service. The grades covered by this specification are general purpose alloys and no attempt has been made to include heat-resisting alloys used for special production application.
4. Ordering Information 4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate the following: 4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number or drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the casting drawing), 4.1.2 Grade of steel, 4.1.3 Options in the specification, and 4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired including the standards of acceptance.
NOTE 1For heat-resisting alloys used for special product application,
reference should be made to SpecificationA 351/A 351M, A 217/A 217M, and A 447/A 447M.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
5. Process 5.1 Alloys shall be made by the following processes: electric-arc, electric-induction, or other approved processes.
2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: A 217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for PressureContaining Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service2 A 351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, AusteniticFerritic (Duplex), for PressureContaining Parts2 A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products3 A 447/A447M Specification for Steel Castings, ChromiumNickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service2 A 781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use2
6. Heat Treatment 6.1 Castings for heat-resistant service may be shipped in the as-cast condition without heat treatment. If heat treatment is required, the treatment shall be established by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser and shall be so specified in the inquiry, contract, or order. 7. Chemical Composition 7.1 Alloys shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. 8. Repair by Welding 8.1 The composition of the deposited weld metal shall be similar to the composition of the casting. All weld repairs shall be subjected to the same inspection standards as the casting. 8.2 Castings with major weld repairs shall be heat treated in accordance with Section 6. 8.3 Weld repairs shall be considered major when the depth of the cavity after preparation for repair exceeds 20 % of the actual wall thickness, or 1 in. [25 mm], whichever is smaller, or when the extent of the cavity exceeds approximately 10 in.2[65 cm2]. 8.3.1 When Supplementary Requirement S7 is specified on the purchase order, or inquiry, major weld repairs shall be
3. General Conditions for Delivery
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A 781/A 781M, including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the general require1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18 on Castings. Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1997. Published October 1998. Originally published as A 297 46 T. Last previous edition A 297/A 297M 89. 2 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02. 3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
A 297/A 297M TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements Composition, % Grade
Castings having a specified molybdenum range agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser may also be furnished under these specifications.
subject to the prior approval of the purchaser.
8.4 All other weld repairs shall be considered minor and
may be made at the discretion of the manufacturer without
prior approval of the purchaser.
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS The following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order. A list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included in Specification A 781/A 781M. Those which are ordinarily considered suitable for use with this specification are given below. Others enumerated in A 781/A 781M may be used with this specification upon agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser. TABLE S9.1 Tensile Requirements
S1. Magnetic Particle Examination
S2. Radiographic Examination S3. Liquid Penetrant Examination S4. Ultrasonic Examination S5. Examination of Weld Preparation S6. Certification S7. Prior Approval of Major Weld Repairs S8. Marking S9. Tension Test S9.1 One tension test shall be made from material representing each heat. The bar from which the test specimen is taken shall be heat treated in production furnaces to the same procedure as the castings it represents. The results shall conform to the requirements specified in Table S9.1. S9.2 Test bars shall be poured in separately cast keel blocks similar to Fig. 3 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370 of Fig.1 of Specification A 447/A 447M. S9.3 Tension test specimens may be cut from heat-treated castings; or from as-cast castings if no heat treatment is specified for the castings, instead of from test bars when agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. S9.4 Test specimens shall be machined to the form and dimensions of the standard round 2-in. [50-mm] gage length specimen shown in Fig. 6 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370 and shall be tested in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
A When ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in this specification, the gage length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4 to 1.
S9.5 If the results of the mechanical tests for any heat do not conform to the requirements specified, the castings may be re-heat treated and re-tested, but may not be solution treated or re-austenitized more than twice. S9.6 If any test specimen shows defective machining or develops flaws, it may be discarded and another specimen substituted from the same heat.
A 297/A 297M The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
