MAKING MODERN LIVING POSSIBLE

Output Filters Design Guide

VLT AutomationDrive FC 300
VLT AQUA Drive FC 200
VLT HVAC Drive FC 100

Contents

Output Filters Design Guide

Contents
1 How to Read this Design Guide
1.1.2 Abbreviations

2 Safety and Conformity

3
3
4

2.1 Safety Precautions

2.1.1 CE Conformity and Labelling

3 Introduction to Output Filters

3.1 Why use Output Filters

3.2 Protection of Motor Insulation

3.2.1 The Output Voltage

3.3 Reduction of Motor Acoustic Noise

3.4 Reduction of High Frequency Electromagnetic Noise in the Motor Cable

3.5 What are Bearing Currents and Shaft Voltages?

3.5.1 Mitigation of Premature Bearing Wear-Out

3.5.2 Measuring Electric Discharges in the Motor Bearings

3.6 Which Filter for which Purpose

10

3.6.1 du/dt Filters

10

3.6.2 Sine-wave Filters

12

3.6.3 High-Frequency Common-Mode Core Kits

14

4 Selection of Output Filters

15

4.1 How to Select the Correct Output Filter

15

4.1.1 Product Overview

15

4.1.2 HF-CM Selection

17

4.2 Electrical Data - du/dt Filters

18

4.3 Electrical Data - Sine-wave Filters

20

4.4 Sine-Wave Filters

25

4.4.1 du/dt Filters

26

4.4.2 Sine-Wave Foot Print Filter

27

5 How to Install

28

5.1 Mechanical Mounting

28

5.1.1 Safety Requirements for Mechanical Installation

28

5.1.2 Mounting

28

5.1.3 Earthing

29

5.1.4 Screening

29

5.2 Mechanical Dimensions

30

5.2.1 Sketches

30

6 How to Programme the Frequency Converter

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

38
1

Contents

Output Filters Design Guide

6.1.1 Parameter Settings for Operation with Sine-wave Filter

Index

38
39

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How to Read this Design Gui...

Output Filters Design Guide

1 1

1 How to Read this Design Guide

This Design Guide will introduce all aspects of output filters
for your VLT FC Series Drive; From choosing the right
output filter for the application to instructions about how to
install it and how to program the Frequency Converter.
Danfoss technical literature is also available online at
www.danfoss.com/BusinessAreas/DrivesSolutions/
Documentations/Technical+Documentation.

1.1.1 Symbols
Symbols used in this manual:

NOTE

Indicates something to be noted by the reader.

CAUTION
Indicates a general warning.

WARNING
Indicates a high-voltage warning.

Indicates default setting

1.1.2 Abbreviations
Alternating current

AC

American wire gauge

AWG

Ampere/AMP

Automatic Motor Adaptation

AMA

Current limit

ILIM

Degrees Celsius

Direct current

DC

Drive Dependent

D-TYPE

Electro Magnetic Compatibility

EMC

Electronic Thermal Relay

ETR

Drive

FC

Gram

Hertz

Hz

Kilohertz

kHz

Local Control Panel

LCP

Meter

Millihenry Inductance

mH

Milliampere

mA

Millisecond

ms

Minute

min

Motion Control Tool

MCT

Nanofarad

nF

Newton Meters

Nm

Nominal motor current

IM,N

Nominal motor frequency

fM,N

Nominal motor power

PM,N

Nominal motor voltage

UM,N

Parameter

par.

Protective Extra Low Voltage

PELV

Rated Inverter Output Current

IINV

Revolutions Per Minute

RPM

Second

Synchronous Motor Speed

ns

Torque limit

TLIM

Volts

IVLT,MAX

The maximum output current.

IVLT,N

The rated output current

supplied by the frequency
converter.

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Safety and Conformity

Output Filters Design Guide

2 Safety and Conformity

2 2

NOTE

Never attempt to repair a defect filter.

2.1 Safety Precautions

Equipment containing electrical components
may not be disposed of together with domestic
waste.
It must be separately collected with electrical
and electronic waste according to local and
currently valid legislation.

NOTE

The filters presented in this design guide are specially

designed and tested for Danfoss Drives frequency converters
(FC 102/202/301 and 302). Danfoss takes no resposibility for
the use of third party output filters.

NOTE

The phased out LC-filters that were developed for the

VLT5000 series and are not compatible with the VLT FCseries frequency converters.
However, the new filters are compatible with both FC-series
and VLT 5000-series

MCC 101/102
Design Guide

NOTE
2.1.1 CE Conformity and Labelling
What is CE Conformity and Labelling?
The purpose of CE labelling is to avoid technical trade
obstacles within EFTA and the EU. The EU has introduced the
CE label as a simple way of showing whether a product
complies with the relevant EU directives. The CE label says
nothing about the specifications or quality of the product.
The low-voltage directive (73/23/EEC)
Frequency converters must be CE labelled in accordance
with the low-voltage directive of January 1, 1997. The
directive applies to all electrical equipment and appliances
used in the 50 - 1000 V AC and the 75 - 1500 V DC voltage
ranges. Danfoss CE-labels in accordance with the directive
and issues a declaration of conformity upon request.

690V applications:
For motors not specially designed for frequency converter
operation or without double insulation, Danfoss highly
recommend the use of either du/dt or Sine-Wave filters.

NOTE

Sine-wave filters can be used at switching frequencies higher

than the nominal switching frequency, but should never be
used at switching frequencies with less than 20% lower than
the nominal switching frequency.

NOTE

du/dt filters, unlike Sine-wave filters, can be used at lower

switching frequency than the nominal switching frequency,
but higher switching frequency will cause the overheating of
the filter and should be avoided.

Warnings

CAUTION
When in use the filter surface temperature rises. DO NOT
touch the filter during operation.

WARNING
Never work on a filter in operation. Touching the electrical
parts may be fatal - even after the equipment has been
disconnected from the drive or motor.

CAUTION
Before servicing the filter, wait at least the voltage discharge
time stated in the Design Guide for the corresponding VLT
to avoid electrical shock hazard.

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Introduction to Output Filt...

Output Filters Design Guide

3 Introduction to Output Filters

3.1 Why use Output Filters
This chapter describes why and when to use Output Filters
with Danfoss Drives frequency converters. It is divided into
three sections:

Protection of Motor Insulation

Reduction of Motor Acoustic Noise
Reduction of High Frequency Electromagnetic
Noise in Motor Cable

3.2 Protection of Motor Insulation

3.2.1 The Output Voltage
The output voltage of the frequency converter is a series of
trapezoidal pulses with a variable width (pulse width
modulation) characterized by a pulse rise-time tr.

3 3

the motor cable (type, cross-section, length,

screened or unscreened, inductance and
capacitance)

the high frequency surge impendance of the motor

Because of the impedance mismatch between the cable

characteristic impedance and the motor surge impedance a
wave reflection occurs, causing a ringing voltage overshoot
at the motor terminals - see following illustration. The motor
surge impedance decreases with the increase of motor size
resulting in reduced mismatch with the cable impedance.
The lower reflection coefficient () reduces the wave
reflection and thereby the voltage overshoot.
In the case of parallel cables the cable characteristic
impedance is reduced, resulting in a higher reflection
coefficient higher overshoot. For more information please
see IEC61800-8.

When a transistor in the inverter switches, the voltage across

the motor terminal increases by a du/dt ratio that depends
on:

Illustration 3.1 Example of converter output voltage (dotted line) and motor terminal voltage after 200 meters of cable (solid line).

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3 3

Introduction to Output Filt...

Output Filters Design Guide

Typical values for the rise time and peak voltage UPEAK are
measured on the motor terminals between two phases.
Two different definitions for the risetime tr are used in
practice. The international IEC standards define the rise-time
as the time between 10 % to 90 % of the peak voltage Upeak.
The US National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)
defines the rise-time as the time between 10 % and 90 % of
the final, settled voltage, that is equal to the DC link voltage
UDC. See following illustrations.

The IEC and NEMA definitions of risetime tr

Illustration 3.2 IEC

To obtain approximate values for cable lengths and voltages

not mentioned below, use the following rules of thumb:
1.

Rise time increases with cable length.

2.

UPEAK = DC link voltage x (1+); represents the

reflection coefficient and typical values can be
found in table below
(DC link voltage = Mains voltage x 1.35).

3.

du/dt =
du/dt =

0.8 U PEAK

tr

0.8 U DC
tr ( NEMA )

(IEC)
Illustration 3.3 NEMA

(NEMA)

(For du/dt, rise time, Upeak values at different cable lengths

please consult the drive Design Guide)
Motor power [kW]

Zm []

<3.7

2000 - 5000

0.95

90

800

0.82

355

400

0.6

Table 3.1 Typical values for reflection coefficients (IEC61800-8).

Various standards and technical specifications present limits

of the admissible Upeak and tr for different motor types. Some
of the most used limit lines are shown in the figure below:

IEC60034-17 limit line for general purpose motors

when fed by frequency converters, 500V motors.

IEC60034-25 limit for converter rated motors:

curve A is for 500V motors and curve B is for 690V
motors.

NEMA MG1 Definite purpose Inverter Fed Motors.

If, in your application, the resulting Upeak and tr exceed the

limits that apply for the motor used, an output filter should
be used for protecting the motor insulation.

Illustration 3.4 Limit lines for Upeak and risetime tr.

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Introduction to Output Filt...

Output Filters Design Guide

3.3 Reduction of Motor Acoustic Noise

The acoustic noise generated by motors has three main
sources:
1.

The magnetic noise produced by the motor core,

through magnetostriction

2.

The noise produced by the motor bearings

3.

The noise produced by the motor ventilation

When a motor is fed by a frequency converter, the

pulsewidth modulated (PWM) voltage applied to the motor
causes additional magnetic noise at the switching frequency
and harmonics of the switching frequency (mainly the
double of the switching frequency). In some applications this
is not acceptable. In order to eliminate this additional
switching noise, a sine-wave filter should be used. This will
filter the pulse shaped voltage from the frequency converter
and provide a sinusoidal phase-to-phase voltage at the
motor terminals.

3.4 Reduction of High Frequency

Electromagnetic Noise in the Motor
Cable
When no filters are used, the ringing voltage overshoot that
occurs at the motor terminals is the main high-frequency
noise source. This can be seen in the figure below that shows
the correlation between the frequency of the voltage ringing
at the motor terminals and the spectrum of the highfrequency conducted interference in the motor cable.
Besides this noise component, there are also other noise
components such as:

The common-mode voltage between phases and

ground (at the switching frequency and its
harmonics) - high amplitude but low frequency.

High-frequency noise (above 10MHz) caused by

the switching of semiconductors - high frequency
but low amplitude.

Illustration 3.5 Correlation between the frequency of the ringing voltage overshoot and the spectrum of noise emissions.

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Introduction to Output Filt...

Output Filters Design Guide

When an output filter is installed following effect is achieved:

3 3

In the case of du/dt filters the frequency of the

ringing oscillation is reduced below 150kHz.

In the case of sine-wave filters the ringing

oscillation is completely eliminated and the motor
is fed by a sinusoidal phase-to-phase voltage.

Remember, that the other two noise components are still

present. The use of unshielded motor cables is possible, but
the layout of the installation should prevent noise coupling
between the unshielded motor cable and the mains line or
other sensitive cables (sensors, communication, etc.). This
can be achieved by cable segregation and placement of the
motor cable in a separate, continuous and grounded cable
tray.

3.5 What are Bearing Currents and Shaft

Voltages?
Fast switching transistors in the frequency converter
combined with an inherent common-mode voltage (voltage
between phases and ground) generate high-frequency
bearing currents and shaft voltages. While bearing currents
and shaft voltages can also occur in direct-on-line motors,
these phenomena are accentuated when the motor is fed
from a frequency converter. The majority of bearing
damages in motors fed by frequency converters are because
of vibrations, misalignment, excessive axial or radial loading,
improper lubrication, impurities in the grease. In some cases,
bearing damages are caused by bearing currents and shaft
voltages. The mechanism that causes bearing currents and
shaft voltages is quite intricate and beyond the scope of this
Design Guide. Basically, two main mechanisms can be
identified:

Capacitive coupling: the voltage across the bearing

is generated by parasitic capacitances in the motor.

Inductive coupling: caused by circulating currents

in the motor.

The grease film of a running bearing behaves like isolation.

The voltage across the bearing can cause a breakdown of the
grease film and produce a small electric discharge (a spark)
between the bearing balls and the running track. This
discharge produces a microscopic melting of the bearing ball
and running track metal and in time it causes the premature
wear-out of the bearing. This mechanism is called Electrical
Discharge Machining or EDM.

3.5.1 Mitigation of Premature Bearing WearOut

There are a number of measures that can be taken for
preventing premature wearing and damage of the bearings
(not all of them are applicable in all cases combinations
can be used). These measures aim either to provide a lowimpedance return path to the high-frequency currents or to
electrically isolate the motor shaft for preventing currents
through the bearings. Besides, there are also mechanical
related measures.
Measures to provide a low-impedance return path

Follow EMC installation rules strictly. A good highfrequency return path should be provided between
motor and frequency converter, for example by
using shielded cables.

Make sure that the motor is properly grounded and

the grounding has a low-impedance for highfrequency currents.

Provide a good high-frequency ground connection

between motor chassis and load.

Use shaft grounding brushes.

Measures that isolated the motor shaft from the load

Use isolated bearings (or at least one isolated

bearing at the non-driving end NDE).

Prevent shaft ground current by using isolated

couplings.

Mechanical measures

Make sure that the motor and load are properly

aligned.

Make sure the loading of the bearing (axial and

radial) is within the specifications.

Check the vibration level in the bearing.

Check the grease in the bearing and make sure the
bearing is correctly lubricated for the given
operating conditions.

One of the mitigation measures is to use filters. This can be

used in combination with other measures, such as those
presented above. High-frequency common-mode (HF-CM)
filters (core kits) are specially designed for reducing bearing
stress. Sine-wave filters also have a good effect. dU/dt filters
have less effect and it is recommended to use them in
combination with HF-CM cores.

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Output Filters Design Guide

3.5.2 Measuring Electric Discharges in the

Motor Bearings

9
12

50 - 200
MHz

Level in dBV

130BT119.10

The occurrence of electric discharges in the motor bearings

can be measured using an oscilloscope and a brush to pick
up the shaft voltage. This method is difficult and the
interpretation of the measured waveforms requires a deep
understanding of the bearing current phenomena. An easy
alternative is to use an electrical discharge detector
(130B8000). Such a device consists of a loop antenna that
receives signals in the frequency range of 50MHz 200MHz
and a counter. Each electric discharge produces an electromagnetic wave that is detected by the instrument and the
counter is incremented. If the counter displays a high
number of discharges it means that there are many
discharges occurring in the bearing and mitigation measures
have to be taken to prevent the early wear out of the
bearing. This instrument can be used for experimentally
determining the exact number of cores needed to reduce
bearing currents. Start with a set of 2 cores. If the discharges
are not eliminated, or drastically reduced, add more cores.

The number of cores presented in the table above is a

guiding value that should cover most applications with a
generous safety margin. If the cores are installed on the drive
terminals and you experiment core saturation because of
long motor cables (the cores have no effect on bearing
currents), check the correctness of the installation. If cores
keep saturating after the installation is made according to
EMC best practice, consider moving the cores to the motor
terminals.
130BB729.10

Introduction to Output Filt...

Frequency in Hz
Illustration 3.6 Mains line conducted noise, no filter.

Illustration 3.7 Mains line conducted noise, sine-wave filter.

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3 3

Introduction to Output Filt...

Output Filters Design Guide

3.6 Which Filter for which Purpose

The table below shows a comparison of du/dt and Sine-wave filter performance. It can be used to determine which filter to use
with your application.
Performance criteria

du/dt filters

Sine-wave filters

High-frequency common-mode filters

Motor insulation
stress

Up to 150 m cable (screened/

unscreened) complies with the
requirements of IEC60034-17
(general purpose motors). Above
this cable length the risk of double
pulsing (two time mains network
voltage) increases.

Provides a sinusoidal phase-to-phase

Does not reduce motor insulation stress
motor terminal voltage. Complies with
IEC-60034-17* and NEMA-MG1
requirements for general purpose
motors with cables up to 500m (1km for
VLT frame size D and above).

Motor bearing stress Slightly reduced, only in highpower motors.

Reduces bearing currents caused by

circulating currents. Does not reduce
common-mode currents (shaft
currents).

Reduces bearing stress by limiting

common-mode high-frequency
currents

EMC performance

Eliminates motor cable ringing.

Does not change the emission class.
Does not allow longer motor cables
as specified for the frequency
converters built-in RFI filter.

Eliminates motor cable ringing. Does

not change the emission class. Does not
allow longer motor cables as specified
for the frequency converters built-in
RFI filter.

Reduces high-frequency emissions

(above 1 MHz). Does not change the
emission class of the RFI filter. Does not
allow longer motor cables as specified
for the frequency converter.

Max. motor cable

length

100m ... 150 m

With guaranteed EMC performance:
150m screened.
Without guaranteed EMC
performance: 150m unscreened.

With guaranteed EMC performance:

150 m screened (frame size A, B, C), 300
150m screened and 300m unscreened. m screened (frame size D, E, F), 300 m
Without guaranteed EMC performance: unscreened
up to 500m (1km for VLT frame size D
and above)

Acoustic motor
switching noise

Does not eliminate acoustic

switching noise.

Eliminates acoustic switching noise

from the motor caused by magnetostriction.

Relative size

15-50% (depending on power size). 100%

5 - 15%

Voltage drop**

0.5%

none

4-10%

Does not eliminate acoustic switching

noise.

Table 3.2 Comparison of du/dt and sine-wave filters.

*) Not 690V.
**) See general specification for formula.

Advantages:

3.6.1 du/dt Filters

The du/dt filters consist of inductors and capacitors in a low
pass filter arrangement and their cut off frequency is above
the nominal switching frequency of the drive. The
inductance (L) and capacitance (C) values are shown in the
tables in the section Electrical Data - du/dt Filters in the
chapter Selection of Output Filters. Compared to Sine-wave
filters they have lower L and C values, thus they are cheaper
and smaller. With a du/dt filter the voltage wave form is still
pulse shaped but the current is sinusoidal - see following
illustrations.

Protects the motor against high du/dt values and

voltage peaks, hence prolongs the lifetime of the
motor

Allows the use of motors which are not specifically

designed for converter operation, for example in
retrofit applications

Features and benefits

du/dt filters reduce the voltage peaks and du/dt of the
pulses at the motor terminals. The du/dt filters reduce du/dt
to approx. 500V/s.

10

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Introduction to Output Filt...

Output Filters Design Guide

Application areas:
Danfoss recommends the use of du/dt filters in the following
applications:

Applications with frequent regenerative braking

Motors placed in aggressive environments or

running at high temperatures

Applications with risk of flash over

Applications with short motor cables (less than 15

meters)

690 V applications

Motors that are not rated for frequency converter

operation and not complying with IEC600034-25

3 3

Installations using old motors (retrofit) or general

purpose motors not complying with IEC 600034-25

Illustration 3.9 With du/dt filter

Upeak [kV]

130BB113.11

Voltage and current with and without du/dt filter:

50m dv/dt filter

150m dv/dt filter
15m dv/dt filter

rise time [s]

Illustration 3.8 Without filter

Illustration 3.10 Measured du/dt values (rise time and peak

voltages) with and without du/dt filter using 15m, 50m and 150m
cable lengths on a 400V, 37kW induction motor.

The du/dt value decreases with the motor cable length

whereas the peak voltage increases (see illustration above).
The Upeak value depends on the Udc from the drive and as
Udc increases during motor braking (generative) Upeak can
increase to values above the limits of IEC60034-17 and
thereby stress the motor insulation. Danfoss therefore
recommends du/dt filters in applications with frequent
braking. Furthermore the illustration above shows how the
Upeak increases with the cable length. As the cable length
increases, the cable capacitance rises and the cable behaves
like a low-pass filter. That means longer rise-time tr for longer
cables. Therefore it is recommended to use du/dt filters only
in applications with cable lengths up to 150 meters. Above
150m du/dt filters have no effect. If further reduction is
needed, use a sine-wave filter.

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Introduction to Output Filt...

Output Filters Design Guide

Filter features:

3 3

IP00 and IP20 enclosure in the entire power range

Possibility of connecting screened cables with

included decoupling plate

Compatible with all control principles including

flux and VVC+

Filters wall mounted up to 177A and floor mounted

above that size

Side by side mounting with the drive

Reduced size, weight and price compared to the
sine-wave filters

Illustration 3.11 525V - with and without du/dt filter

insulation and flash-over. Danfoss therefore recommends

du/dt filters in applications with motor cable lengths shorter
than 15m.

3.6.2 Sine-wave Filters

Sine-wave filters (are designed to) let only low frequencies
pass. High frequencies are consequently shunted away
which results in a sinusoidal phase to phase voltage
waveform and sinusoidal current waveforms. With the
sinusoidal waveforms the use of special frequency converter
motors with reinforced insulation is no longer needed. The
acoustic noise from the motor is also damped as a
consequence of the sinusoidal wave condition. The sinewave filter also reduces insulation stress and bearing
currents in the motor, thus leading to prolonged motor
lifetime and longer periods between services. Sine-wave
filters enable use of longer motor cables in applications
where the motor is installed far from the drive. As the filter
does not act between motor phases and ground, it does not
reduce leakage currents in the cables. Therefore the motor
cable length is limited - see table Comparison of du/dt and
sine-wave filters in section Which Filters for which Purpose
The Danfoss Drives Sine-wave filters are designed to operate
with the VLT FC Series Drives. They replace the LC-filter
product range and are backwards compatible with the VLT
5000-8000 Series Drives. They consist of inductors and
capacitors in a low-pass filter arrangement. The inductance
(L) and capacitance (C) values are shown in tables in the
section Electrical Data - Sine -wave Filters in the chapter
Selection of Output Filters.
Features and benefits
As described above, Sine-wave filters reduce motor
insulation stress and eliminate switching acoustic noise from
the motor. The motor losses are reduced because the motor
is fed with a sinusoidal voltage, as shown in illustration 525V
- with du/dt filter. Moreover, the filter eliminates the pulse
reflections in the motor cable thus reducing the losses in the
frequency converter.
Advantages:

Illustration 3.12 690V - with and du/dt filter

Source: Test of 690V 30kW VLT FC 302 with MCC 102 du/dt
filter
The illustrations above show how Upeak and rise time
behaves as a function of the motor cable length. In installations with short motor cables (below 5-10m) the rise time is
short which causes high du/dt values. The high du/dt can
cause a damaging high potential difference between the
windings in the motor which can lead to breakdown of the

12

Protects the motor against voltage peaks hence

prolongs the lifetime

Reduces the losses in the motor

Decreases electromagnetic emissions from motor

cables by eliminating high frequency ringing in the
cable

Eliminates acoustic switching noise from the motor

Reduces semiconductor losses in the drive with
long motor cables

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Introduction to Output Filt...

Output Filters Design Guide

Reduces electromagnetic interference from

unscreened motor cables

Reduces the bearing current thus prolonging the

lifetime of the motor

Voltage and current with and without Sine-wave filter:

Illustration 3.13 Without filter

Application areas:
Danfoss recommends the use of Sine-wave filters in the
following applications:

Applications where the acoustic switching noise

from the motor has to be eliminated

Retrofit installations with old motors with poor

insulation

Applications with frequent regenerative braking

and motors that do not comply with IEC60034-17

Applications where the motor is placed in

aggressive environments or running at high
temperatures

Applications with motor cables above 150m up to

300m (with both screened and unscreened cable).
The use of motor cables longer than 300m
depends on the specific application

Applications where the service interval on the

motor has to be increased

690V applications with general purpose motors

3 3

Step up applications or other applications where

the frequency converter feeds a transformer

Example of relative motor sound pressure level

measurements with and without Sine-wave filter

Illustration 3.14 With sine-wave filter

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Introduction to Output Filt...

Output Filters Design Guide

3 3

Features:

IP00 and IP20 enclosure in the entire power range

(IP23 for floor standing filters)

Compatible with all control principle including flux

and WC+

Side by side mount with drive up to 75A

Filters wall mounted up to 75A and floor mount

above

Parallel filter installation is possible with

applications in the high power range

Filter enclosure matching the drive enclosure

Possibility of connection unscreened and screened
cables with included decoupling plate

3.6.3 High-Frequency Common-Mode Core

Kits
High-frequency common-mode (HF-CM) core kits are one of
the mitigation measures to reduce bearing wear. However,
they should not be used as the sole mitigation measure.
Even when HF-CM cores are used, the EMC-correct installation rules must be followed. The HF-CM cores work by
reducing the high-frequency common-mode currents that
are associated with the electric discharges in the bearing.
They also reduce the high-frequency emissions from the
motor cable which can be used, for example, in applications
with unshielded motor cables.

14

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Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

4 Selection of Output Filters

4.1 How to Select the Correct Output Filter

An output filter is selected based on the nominal motor current. All filters are rated for 160% overload for 1 minute, every 10
minutes.

4.1.1 Product Overview

To simplify the Filter Selection Table below shows which Sine-wave filter to use with a specific drive. This is based on the 160%
overload for 1 minute every 10 minutes and is to be considered guideline.
Mains supply 3 x 240 to 500V
Rated filter
current at 50 Hz

Minimum
switching
frequency [kHz]

Maximum output
frequency [Hz] With
derating

Code number
IP20

Code number
IP00

Frequency converter size

2.5

120

130B2439

130B2404

4.5

120

130B2441

130B2406

120

130B2443

130B2408

10

120

130B2444

130B2409

P4K0

17

120

130B2446

130B2411

P2K2 - P4K0 P5K5 - P7K5 P5K5 - P7K5

24

100

130B2447

130B2412

P5K5

38

100

130B2448

130B2413

P7K5

48

100

130B2307

130B2281

P11K

P22K

P22K

62

100

130B2308

130B2282

P15K

P30K

P30K

P18K

P37K

P37K

200-240 V

380-440 V

441-500 V

PK25 - PK37 PK37 - PK75 PK37 - PK75

PK55

P1K1 - P1K5 P1K1 - P1K5

PK75 - P1K5 P2K2 - P3K0 P2K2 - P3K0

P11K

P4K0
P11K

P15K - P18K P15K - P18K

75

100

130B2309

130B2283

115

100

130B2310

130B2284

P22K - P30K P45K - P55K P55K - P75K

180

100

130B2311

130B2285

P37K - P45K P75K - P90K P90K - P110

260

100

130B2312

130B2286

P110 - P132

P132

410

100

130B2313

130B2287

P160 - P200

P160 - P200

480

100

130B2314

130B2288

P250

P250

660

70

130B2315

130B2289

P315 - P355

P315 - P355

750

70

130B2316

130B2290

P400

P400 - P450

880

70

130B2317

130B2291

P450 - P500

P500 - P560

1200

70

130B2318

130B2292

P560 - P630

P630 - P710

1500

70

2X 130B2317

2X 130B2291

P710 - P800

P800

Table 4.1 Filter Selection

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

15

4 4

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

Mains supply 3 x 525 to 600/ 690V

Rated filter
current at 50 Hz

Minimum
switching
frequency [kHz]

13
28

4 4

Maximum output
frequency [Hz] With
derating

Code number
IP20

Code number
IP00

70

130B2341

130B2321

PK75 - P7K5

100

130B2342

130B2322

P11K - P18K

45

100

130B2343

130B2323

P22K - P30K

P37K

76

100

130B2344

130B2324

P37K - P45K

P45K - P55K

115

100

130B2345

130B2325

P55K - P75K

P75K - P90K

165

70

130B2346

130B2326

P110 - P132

260

100

130B2347

130B2327

P160 - P200

303

70

130B2348

130B2329

P250

430

1.5

60

130B2370

130B2341

P315 - P400

530

1.5

100

130B2371

130B2342

P500

660

1.5

100

130B2381

130B2337

P560 - P630

765

1.5

60

130B2382

130B2338

P710

940

1.5

100

130B2383

130B2339

P800 - P900

1320

1.5

60

130B2384

130B2340

P1M0

Table 4.2 Filter Selection

Generally the output filters are designed for the nominal

switching frequency of the VLT FC-Series drives.

NOTE

Sine-wave filters can be used at switching frequencies higher

than the nominal switching frequency, but should never be
used at switching frequencies with less than 20% lower than
the nominal switching frequency.

NOTE

du/dt filters, unlike Sine-wave filters, can be used at lower

switching frequency than the nominal switching frequency,
but higher switching frequency will cause the overheating of
the filter and should be avoided.

16

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

Frequency converter size

525-600 V

525-690 V

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

CAUTION

4.1.2 HF-CM Selection

The cores can be installed at the frequency converters
output terminals (U, V, W) or in the motor terminal box.
When installed at the frequency converters terminals the
HF-CM kit reduces both bearing stress and high-frequency
electromagnetic interference from the motor cable. The
number of cores depends on the motor cable length and
frequency converter voltage and a selection table is shown
below:
Cable A- and Blength frame
[m]
T5
T7

C-frame

D-frame

E-frame + F

T5

T7

T5

T7

T5

T7

50

100

150

300

Check the core temperature during commissioning. A

temperature above 70C indicates saturation of the cores. If
this happens add more cores. If the cores still saturate it
means that the cable capacitance is too large because of: too
long cable, too many parallel cables, cable type with high
capacitance.
Applications with parallel cables
When parallel cables are used the total cable length has to
be considered. For example 2 x 100m cables are equivalent
with one 200 m cable. If many paralleled motors are used a
separate core kit should be installed for each individual
motor.
The ordering numbers for the core kits (2 cores/package) are
given in the following table.
Core dimension [mm]

Weight Packaging
dimension

[kg]

When installed in the motor terminal box the HF-CM kit

reduces only bearing stress and has no effect on the electromagnetic interference from the motor cable. Two cores is
sufficient in most cases, independent of the motor cable
length.

A and B 130B3257 60

43

40

25 22 0.25

130x100x
70

130B3258 102 69

61

28 37 1.6

190x100x
70

130B3259 189 143 126 80 37 2.45

235x190x
140

Danfoss provides the HF-CM cores in kits of two pieces/kit.

The cores are oval shaped for the ease of installation and are
available in four sizes: for A and B frames, for C frames, for D
frames, for E and F-frames. For F-frame drives one core kit
shall be installed at each inverter module terminals.
Mechanical mounting can be made with cable ties. There are
no special requirements regarding mechanical mounting.

E and F 130B3260 305 249 147 95 37 4.55

290x260x
110

Danfoss
part no.

[mm]

130BB728.10

VLT
frame
size

d
H

In normal operation the temperature is below 70C.

However, if the cores are saturated they can get hot, with
temperatures above 70C. Therefore it is important to use
the correct number of cores to avoid saturation. Saturation
can occur if the motor cable is too long, motor cables are
paralleled or high capacitance motor cables, not suitable for
frequency converter operation, are used. Always avoid motor
cables with sector-shaped cores. Use only cables with roundshaped cores.

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

17

4 4

18

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

745
800
880

450
500
560

355
400

90
110
132
160
200
250
315

11
15
18.5
22
30
37
55
75

525V operation requires a T7 drive

400
450
500

600
658

147
177
212
260
315
395
480

24
32
37.5
44
61
73
90
106

For derating with motor frequency consider 60 Hz rating=0.94 x 50Hz rating and 100Hz rating= 0.75 x 50Hz rating

630

315
355

75
90
110
132
160
200
250

11
15
18.5
22
30
37
45
55

3)

630

450

290

192

108

86

54

27

The filter enclosure is IP20 for wall-mounted filters and IP23 for floor-mounted filters

780

880

500

344

242

131

94

58

32

2)

590

658

303

315

443

160

177

480

105

80

106

90

40

678
730
780

540
590

130
160
190
240
303
361
443

21
27
34
40
52
65
80
105

250
300
315
400
450
500

160
200

75
90
110
132

7.5
11
15
18.5
30
37
45
55

360
395
429
523
596
659

253
303

113
137
162
201

14
19
23
28
43
54
65
87

441 - 500V 525 - 550V

kW A
kW
A

1)

130B2853
130B2854

130B2851
1302852

1302849
130B3850

130B2847
130B2848

130B2841
130B2842
130B2844
130B2845

130B2838
130B2839

44

380 - 440V
kW A

VLT power and current rating

315
355
400
500
560
630

110
132
160
200
250

11
15
18.5
22
30
37
45
55
75
90

344
380
410
500
570
630

131
155
192
242
290

13
18
22
27
34
41
52
62
83
108

551 - 690V
kW
A

850

550

398

315

205

145

130

37

Maximum
filter losses

4 4

130B2835
130B2836

Code number
Filter current rating at given voltage and motor frequency [A]2)
IP00/IP20(IP23)1)
380V @ 60Hz
460/480V @ 575/600V
690V
and 400/440V 60Hz and
@ 60Hz
@ 50Hz
@ 50Hz
500/525V @
50Hz3)

15

13

17

30

50

99

66

43

20

111 15

95

110 13.6

150 10

L
C
uH nF

Filter data

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

4.2 Electrical Data - du/dt Filters

du/dt Filter 3x380-500V IP00

1160 750

For derating with motor frequency consider 60Hz rating=0.94 x 50Hz rating and 100Hz rating= 0.75 x 50Hz rating

525V operation requires a T7 drive

3)

560

780

1000 1380 850

1100 1530 1000
500 730 500

800

2)

880

1460
1700
800

1260

The filter enclosure is IP20 for wall-mounted filters and IP23 for floor-mounted filters

500

800
1000
450

For F-frame drives, parallel filters shall be used, one filter for each inverter 710
module.

1108
1317
659

988

441 - 500V 525 - 550V

kW A
kW
A

380 - 440V
kW A

690V
@ 50Hz

380V @ 60Hz 460/480V @

and 400/440V 60Hz and
@ 50Hz
500/525V @
50Hz3

575/600V
@ 60Hz

VLT power and current size

Filter current rating at given voltage and motor frequency [A]2

1)

2 x 130B2849
2 x 130B2852

2 x 130B2851
2 x 1302852
or
3 x 130B2849
3 x 130B3850
2 x 130B2853
2 x 130B2854
or
3 x 130B2851
3 x 130B2852
3 x 130B2853
3 x 130B2854

Code number
IP00/IP20(IP23)1

1000
1200

900

1060
1260

945

551 - 690V
kW
A
W

Maximum
filter losses
L
uH

C
nF

Filter data

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

4 4

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

19

20

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

1Equivalent

130B2282
130B2308
130B2283
130B2309
130B2284
130B2310
130B2285
130B2311
130B2286
130B2312
*) 120Hz

71

109

171

247

75

115

180

260

18

13

7.5*

5*

3.5*

2*

195

135

86

56

46.5

36

28.5

STAR-connection value

59

62

45.5

48

156

36

17

130B2411
130B2446

9.5

38

10

130B2409
130B2444

7.5

23

130B2408
130B2443

2.5

24

4.5

130B2406
130B2441

130B2412
130B2447
130B2413
130B2448
130B2281
130B2307

2.5

Filter Current Rating

@ 50Hz @ 60Hz @ 100Hz
A
A
A

Switching
Frequency
kHz

74.8
88
115
143
170

22
30
37
45

59.4

46.2

30.8

24.2

10.6
12.5
16.7

18.5

15

11

7.5

5.5

2.2
3
3.7

45
55
75
90
110
132

37

30

90
106
147
177
212
260

73

61

44

32
37.5

15
18.5
22

24

13
16

10

11

5.5
7.5

55
75
90
110
132
160

37

30

22

15
18.5

11

5.5
7.5

80
105
130
160
190
240

65

52

40

27
34

21

11
14.5

8.2

VLT Power and Current Ratings

@ 200-240V
@ 380-440V
@ 441-500V
kW
A
kW
A
kW
A
0.37
1.3
0.37
1.1
0.25
1.8
0.55
1.8
0.55
1.6
0.37
2.4
0.75
2.4
0.75
2.1
1.1
3
1.1
3
0.55
3.5
1.5
4.1
1.5
3.4
0.75
4.6
1.1
6.6
2.2
5.6
2.2
4.8
1.5
7.5
3
7.2
3
6.3

450
500
650
680

350

300

270

160

150

90
100
125

65
65
75
80

50
60

@ 200-240V
W

460
500
600
700
820
900

350

310

270

170
180

150

110
125

95

70
80

Filter Losses
@ 380-440V
W
45
50
60
60
70

430
500
600
680
800
880

330

280

260

160
170

150

100
115

90

70
80

@ 441-500V
W
45
50
60
60
65

0.2

0.3

0.5

0.75

0.85

1.1

1.6

2.4

3.1

5.2

6.9

13

141

99

60

30

30

14.7

10

10

10

6.8

4.7

2.2

uF

mH
29

Cy-Value1

L-value

4 4

130B2404
130B2439

Code
Number
IP00/IP20

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

4.3 Electrical Data - Sine-wave Filters

Sine-wave Filter 3x380-500 V IP00/IP20

1Equivalent

STAR-connection value

Code
Filter Current Rating
Number
@ 50Hz @ 60Hz @ 100Hz
IP00/IP20
A
A
A
130B2287
410
390
308
130B2313
130B2288
480
456
360
130B2314
130B2289
660
627
495
130B2315
130B2290
750
712
562
130B2316
130B2291
880
836
660
130B2317
130B2292
1200
1140
900
130B2317
2x130B2291
1500
2X130B2317
2x130B2292
1700
2X130B2318
*) 120Hz
800
880
990
1120
1260
1460

450
500
560
630
710
800

1700

745

400

1000

600
658

315
355

480

250

1100

500
560
630
710
800
1000

450

355
400

315

1530

730
780
890
1050
1160
1380

678

540
590

443

VLT Power and Current Ratings

@ 200-240V
@ 380-440V
@ 441-500V
kW
A
kW
A
kW
A
160
315
200
303
200
395
250
361

Switching
Frequency
kHz
@ 200-240V
W

3400
3600
3600
3800

2900

2000
2100

1400

Filter Losses
@ 380-440V
W
1050
1200

3300
3400
3600
3800

2800

1900
2000

1350

@ 441-500V
W
1050
1100

Cy-Value1
uF
198
282
423
495
564
846

L-value
mH
0.13
0.11
0.14
0..2
0.11
0.075

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

Sine-wave Filter 3x380-500V IP00/IP20

4 4

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

21

22

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

1Equivalent

130B2326
130B2346
130B2327
130B2347
130B2329
130B2348

130B2323
130B2343
130B2324
130B2344
130B2325
130B2345

130B2322
130B2342

287

303

STAR-connection value

247

260

109

115

157

72

76

165

42.5

26.5

12.35

45

28

13

227

195

123

86

57

33.5

21

9.75

Filter Current Rating

Switching
@
@ 50Hz @ 60Hz
Frequency
100Hz
A
A
A
kHz

220

90
110
150
180

11
15
18.5
22
30
37
45
55
75

kW
0.75
1.1
1.5
2.2
3
4
5.5
7.5

290

131
155
192
242

18
22
27
34
41
52
62
83
100

A
1.7
2.4
2.7
4.1
5.2
6.4
9.5
11.5

@ 525-550V

200

90
110
132
160

30
37
45
55
75

kW

303

137
162
201
253

46
56
76
90
113

@ 525-600V

250

110
132
160
200

290

131
155
192
242

13
18
22
27
34
46
54
73
86
108

@ 690V

11
15
18.5
22
30
37
45
55
75
90

kW

VLT Power and Current Ratings

1600

1050
1150
1100
1250

360
450
500
800
850

@ 525-550V

1600

1000
1100
1050
1200

230
250
280
300
330
420
450
750
800

W
120
125
125
130
130
140
160
170

@ 525-600V

Filter losses

1600

1000
1100
1050
1200

180
230
250
280
300
360
450
500
750
850

@ 690V

4 4

130B2321
130B2341

Code
Number
IP00/IP20

0.5

0.6

0.9

1.3

3.4

5.5

11.7

mH

L-value

136

94

66

47

33

20

10

47

uF

Cy-Value1

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

Sine-wave Filter 3x525-690V IP00/IP20

1Equivalent

130B2241
130B2270
130B2242
130B2271
130B2337
130B2381
130B2338
130B2382
130B2339
130B2383
130B2340
130B2384

Code
Number
IP00/IP20

STAR-connection value

1250

726

765

1320

627

660

893

503

530

940

408

430

990

705

573

495

397

322

Filter Current Rating

@
@ 50Hz @ 60Hz
100Hz
A
A
A

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Switching
Frequenc
y
kHz

898
1060
1260

670
820
970

730

596
630

450
480
560

523

A
344
429

375

kW
260
300

@ 525-550V

670
750
850
1000

560

450
500

400

kW
250
315

939
1108
1317

763

596
659

523

A
360
429

@ 525-600V

986
898
1060
1317

730

570
630

500

A
344
410

@ 690V

800
900
1000
1200

710

560
630

500

kW
315
400

VLT Power and Current Ratings

3350
3400
4500
4700

3850

2800
2900

2500

W
1850
2100

@ 525-550V

4300
4600

3300

3800

2800
2850

2500

W
1800
2050

@ 525-600V

Filter losses

3350
3350
4300
4700

3800

2700
2850

2400

W
1800
2000

@ 690V

Cy-Value1
uF
272
340
408
476
612
816

L-value
mH
0.35
0.28
0.23
0.2
0.16
0.12

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

Sine-wave Filter 3x525-690V IP00/IP20

4 4

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

23

24

130B2543

17

17

13.6

Switching
Frequenc
@ 50Hz @ 60Hz @ 100Hz
y
A
A
A
kHz
10
10
8
5

Filter Current Rating

2.2
3
3.7

10.6
12.5
16.7
5.5
7.5

13
16

A
10

kW
4

kW

@ 380-440V

@ 200-240V

5.5
7.5

kW
4
11
14.5

A
8.2

@ 441-500V

VLT Power and Current Rating

100
100

@ 200-240V

100
100

W
60

@ 380-440V

Filter losses

100
100

W
60

@ 441-500V

4 4

130B2542

Code
Number

3.1
3.1

mH
5.3

L-value

2.04
2.04

uF
1.36

Cy-Value1

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

Sine-wave Foot Print Filter 3x200-500V IP20

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

4.4 Sine-Wave Filters

Surroundings:
Isolation class:
EIS 155
EIS 180
Max. allowed ambient temperature

2.5A up to 75A
115A up to 2300A
45C

Electrical data:
2.5kV / 1min.
AC and DC
1.6x rated current for 1 minute, every 10 minutes

Over voltage test [voltage/time]

Overload capacity
Voltage drop (phase to phase):
Sine- wave filter 500V:
2.5A
4.5A - 480A
660A- 1200A
Sine-wave filter 690V:
4.5A - 480A

40V
30V
50V
83V

Voltage rating

3 x 200-500V AC and 3 x 525-690V AC

Nominal current IN @ 50Hz

2,5 1200A for higher power, modules can be paralleled

Motor frequency

0-60Hz without derating. 100/120Hz with derating (only 500V up to 10A)

Ambient temperature

-25 to 45C side by side mount, without derating

Min. switching frequency

fmin 1,5kHz 5kHz, depending on filter type

Max. switching frequency

no limit

Overload capacity

160% for 60 sec. every 10 min.

Enclosure degree

IP00 and IP20 (IP23 all floor standing filters)

Approval

CE, UL and cUL(up to and including 115A), RoHS

The voltage drop can be calculated using this formula:

lout[%]
110%

ud = 2 f m L I

fm = output frequency
L = filter inductions
I = current

Temperature derating curve

current derating

100%

130BB068.11

Technical Specifications

90%
80%
70%
60%

45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ambient temperature [C]

Illustration 4.1 Filter Diagram

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

25

4 4

4 4

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

4.4.1 du/dt Filters

Technical Specifications
Voltage rating

3 x 200-690V

Nominal current @ 50Hz

up to 880A. F-frame current ratings are achieved by filter paralleling, one filter per inverter module.

Motor frequency derating

50Hz

Inominal

60Hz

0.94 x Inominal

100Hz

0.75 x Inominal

Minimum switching frequency

no limit

Maximum switching frequency

nominal switching frequency of the respective FC 102, 202 or 302

Overload capacity

160% for 60 seconds, every 10 min.

Enclosure degree

IP00, IP 20 for wall-mounted, IP23 for floor mounted. IP21/NEMA 1 available for wall-mounted using
separate kits.

Ambient temperature

-10 to +45C

Storage temperature

-25 to +60C

Transport temperature

-25 to +70C

Maximum ambient temperature (with

derating) Maximum altitude without
derating

55C

Maximum altitude without derating

1000m

Maximum altitude with derating

4000m

Derating with altitude

5%/1000m

MTBF

1481842 h

FIT

1,5 106 / h

Tolerance of the inductance

10%

Degree of pollution EN61800-5-1

II

Overvoltage category EN61800-5-1

III

Environmental Conditions Load

3K3

Environmental Conditions Storage

1K3

Environmental Conditions Transport

2K3

Noise level

< frequency converter

Approvals

CE (EN61558, VDE 0570), RoHS, cULus file E219022 (pending)

26

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

Selection of Output Filters

Output Filters Design Guide

4.4.2 Sine-Wave Foot Print Filter

Technical Specification
Voltage rating

3 x 200-500V AC

Nominal current IN @ 50Hz

10 17A

Motor frequency

0-60Hz without derating. 100/120Hz with derating (see derating curves below)

Ambient temperature

-25 to 45C side by side mount, without derating (see derating curves below)

Min. switching frequency

fmin 5kHz

Max. switching frequency

fmax 16kHz

Overload capacity

160% for 60 sec. every 10 min.

Enclosure degree

IP20

Approval

CE, RoHS

Illustration 4.2 Temperature derating

4 4

Illustration 4.3 Output frequency derating

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

27

Output Filters Design Guide

130BB726.10

5 How to Install

5.1 Mechanical Mounting

5.1.1 Safety Requirements for Mechanical
Installation

WARNING
Pay attention to the requirements that apply to integration
and field mounting kit. Observe the information in the list to
avoid serious damage or injury, especially when installing
large units.
The filter is cooled by natural convection.
To protect the unit from overheating it must be ensured that
the ambient temperature does not exceed the maximum
temperature stated for the filter. Locate the maximum
temperature in the paragraph Derating for Ambient
Temperature.
If the ambient temperature is in the range of 45C - 55C,
derating of the filter will become relevant.

PE

Illustration 5.1 Correct installation

130BB727.10

5 5

How to Install

5.1.2 Mounting

All wall mounted filters must be mounted vertically

with the terminals at the bottom.

Do not mount the filter close to other heating

elements or heat sensitive material (such as wood)

The filter can be side-mounted with the frequency

converter. There is no requirement for spacing
between the filter and frequency converter.

Top and bottom clearance is minimum 100mm

(200mm for foot print filters).

The surface temperature of IP20/23 units does not

exceed 70C.

The surface temperature of IP00 filters can exceed

70C and a hot surface warning label is placed on
the filter.

Illustration 5.2 Wrong installation. The PE should not go through

the core.

Mechanical installation of HF-CM

The HF-CM cores have an oval shape to allow easier installation. They should be placed around the three motor phases
(U, V and W). It is important to put all three motor phases
through the core, else the core will saturate. It is also
important not to put the PE or any grounding wires through
the core, else the core will loose its effect. In most
applications several cores have to be stacked.

The cores can vibrate due to the alternating magnetic field.

When close to the cables isolation or other parts, it is
possible that the vibration causes the wearing of the core or
cable isolation material. Use cable ties to secure the cores
and cable.

28

PE

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

How to Install

Output Filters Design Guide

5.1.3 Earthing
The filter must be earthed before switching the power on
(high leakage currents).
Common mode interferences are kept small by ensuring that
the current return path to the VLT has the lowest possible
impedance.

Choose the best earthing possibility (e.g. cabinet

mounting panel)

Use the enclosed (in accessory bag) protective

earth terminal to ensure the best possible earthing

Remove any paint present to ensure good electrical

contact

Ensure that the filter and frequency converter make

solid electrical contact (high frequency earthing)

The filter must be earthed before switching the

power on (high leakage currents)

unscreened cables are employed it should be

ensured that the installation minimizes the
possibility of cross-couplings with other cables
carrying sensitive signals. This can be achieved by
measures such as cable segregation and mounting
in earthed cable trays.

The cable screen must be solidly connected at both

ends to the chassis (e.g. housing of filter and
motor).

When IP00 filters are installed in cabinets and

screened cables are used, the screen of the motor
cable should be terminated at the cabinet cable
entry point.

All screen connections must exhibit the smallest

possible impedance, i.e. solid, large area
connections, both ends of screened cable.

For maximum cable length between VLT and

output filter:
Below 7.5kW: 2m
Between 7,5 - 90kW: 5-10m
Above 90kW: 10-15m

5.1.4 Screening
It is recommended to use screened cables to reduce the
radiation of electromagnetic noise into the environment and
prevent malfunctions in the installation.

Cable between the frequency converter output (U,

V, W) and filter input (U1, V1, W1) to be screened or
twisted.

Use preferably screened cables between the filter

output (U2, V2, W2) and the motor. When

NOTE

The cable between frequency converter and filter should be

kept as short as possible

NOTE

More than 10m is possible but Danfoss strongly discourge

such installations, due to the risk of increased EMI and
voltage spikes on the filter terminals.

Illustration 5.3 Wiring diagram

For F-frame drives parallel filters shall be used, one filter for
each inverter module.
The cables or bus bars between inverter and filter should
have the same length for each module.
The paralleling connection should be after the du/dt filter,
either at the filters' terminals or at the motor terminals.

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

29

5 5

How to Install

Output Filters Design Guide

5.2 Mechanical Dimensions

5.2.1 Sketches
Wall Mounted Sine-wave filters

Floor Mounted Sine-wave filters

5 5

Illustration 5.4 IP00 Wall mounted

Illustration 5.6 IP00 Floor mounted

Illustration 5.5 IP20 Wall mounted

Illustration 5.7 IP23 Floor mounted

30

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

Output Filters Design Guide

130BB524.10

How to Install

A
b

A
C

5 5

Illustration 5.8 IP20 Wall mounted foot print filters

Illustration 5.10 IP20 wall mounted

130BB523.10

Wall mounted du/du filters

Illustration 5.9 IP00 wall mounted

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

31

Output Filters Design Guide

130BB525.10

Floor mounted du/du filters

e
A

130BB526.10

Illustration 5.11 IP00 floor mounted

Illustration 5.14 L-shaped terminal kit 130B3138

(Only for du/dt filters)

e
B

24

130BB529.10

23
18

A
34

88

Illustration 5.12 IP23 floor mounted

13

16

130BB527.10

15

80

10

88

35

.5
62.5

25

12.5
23

34

Illustration 5.15 L-shaped terminal kit 130B3139

(Only for du/dt filters)

15

5 5

How to Install

30

Illustration 5.13 L-shaped terminal kit 130B3137

(Only for du/dt filters)

32

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

IP23

IP00

IP23

IP00

IP23

IP00

IP23

130B2848

130B2849

130B3850

130B2851

130B2852

1302853

130B2854

792

400

425

350

425

300

425

295
370
395
475
395
475
445
525
300

660.5

375

325

325

325

275

325

279
279
379
379
379
379
429
429
275

940

290

700

250

700

250

700

115
118
155
157
155
158
185
188
190

779

159

660

123

660

125

660

85
85
125
125
125
125
155
155
100

918

283

620

270

620

235

620

170
242
220
248
220
248
235
335
235

C
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.5

c
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13

11

11

13

11

13

11

13

6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
11

22

22

17

22

17

22

17

6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
22

182

72

78.5

47

67.5

36

64.5

4.6
6.3
12.7
16.2
22
25.5
27
30
33

kg

Weight

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

wall
wall
wall
wall
wall
wall
wall
wall
floor

Mounting

4 x M10

4 x M10

2 x M10

2 x M10

2 x M10

2 x M10

M10

16
16
50
50
50
50
95
95
M10

mm2
6
6
1
1
1
1
3/0
3/0

AWG

Wire cross section

For floor mounted filters, an optional terminal connection kit is available for the case of installation. Please see the L-shaped terminal kit sketches.
The kit is not included in the filter delivery and should be ordered separately.

1)

IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00

Enclosure Dimensions [mm]

IP00/
IP20(IP23)
130B2835
130B2836
130B2838
130B2839
130B2841
130B2842
130B2844
130B2845
130B2847

Code
number

30/22.1

30/22.1

30/22.1

130B313
8
130B313
9
130B313
9

Terminal L-shaped
screw
terminal
torque
kit1)
Nm/ft-Ib Partnum
ber
4/3
N/A
4/3
N/A
6/4.5
N/A
6/4.5
N/A
6/4.5
N/A
6/4.5
N/A
12/9
N/A
12/9
N/A
18/13.3 130B313
7
18/13.3 130B313
7
30/22.1 130B313
8
30/22.1 130B313
8
30/22.1 130B313
8

How to Install
Output Filters Design Guide

5.2.2 Physical Dimensions

5 5

33

34

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20
IP00
IP20

IP00
IP20
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23

130B2404
130B2439
130B2406
130B2441
130B2408
130B2443
130B2409
130B2444
130B2411
130B2446
130B2412
130B2447
130B2413
130B2448
130B2281
130B2307
130B2282
130B2308

130B2283
130B2309
130B2284
130B2310
130B2285
130B2311
130B2286
130B2312
130B2287
130B2313
130B2288
130B2314
130B2289
130B2315

500

580

530

610

330
670
450
940
450
940
480
940
600
1050
620
1290

570

430

430

400

400

290

580

412

430

610

312

257

268

330

257

268

257

190

200

268

190

200

430
500
524
650
536
650
560
650
630
760
683
800

170

170

170

150

150

130

90

90

75

75

380
460
235
610
445
610
330
610
310
720
435
760

135

125

125

120

120

90

70

70

60

60

Table 5.1 500V Sine-wave Filter - Physical dimensions

Enslosure

450
522
402
782
506
782
675
782
650
742
764
1152

260

260

260
259
258
260

260

205

12

12

12

12

12

205
206
205

205

205

19

19

19

19

19

11

11

11

13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11

6.5

6.5

6.5

4.5

4.5

26
15
26
15
26
15
25
15
26
15
26
15

20

20

20

6.5

6.5

6.5

kg

50
54
68
87
87
113
125
190
190
245
235
310
310
445

2.5
3.3
3.3
4.2
4.6
5.8
6.1
7.1
7.8
9.1
14.4
16.9
17.7
19.9
34
39
36
41

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

wall

wall

wall

wall

wall

wall

wall

wall

wall

wall

Wall/Floor

2xM12

2xM12

M12

M8
M10
M12
M10

M8

50

50

50

16

16

mm2

5/0

4/0

3/0

3/0

1 - 2/0

1 - 2/0

6 - 1/0

6 - 1/0

6 - 1/0

20 - 4

20 - 4

24 - 10

24 - 10

24 - 10

24 - 10

24 - 10

AWG

Max. wire cross section

5 5

Code number

500V Sine-wave Filter - Physical dimensions

Mounting
Measurements / Dimensions
Weight
direction

30/22.1

30/22.1

30/22.1

30/22.1

15/11.1
18/13.3

15/11.1

15/11.1

8/5.9

8/5.9

2/1.5

2/1.5

0.6/0.44

0.6/0.44

0.6/0.44

0.6/0.44

0.6/0.44

Nm/ft-lb

Terminal screw
torque

How to Install
Output Filters Design Guide

IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23

660
1290
760
1290
740
1290

690
690

610

610

a
680
800
682
800
682
800

B
370
760
380
760
360
760

b
684
1152
893
1152
936
1152

Measurements / Dimensions

Table 5.2 500V Sine-wave Filter - Physical dimensions

130B2290
130B2316
130B2291
130B2317
130B2292
130B2318

Code number Enclosure

d

e
13
11
13
11
13
11

f
26
15
26
15
25
15

470
605
640
810
680
815

kg

Weight

floor

floor

floor

Wall/Floor

Mounting direction

500V Sine-wave Filter - Physical dimensions

2xM12

2xM12

2xM12

mm2
Nm/ft-lb
30/22.1
30/22.1
30/22.1

6/0
6/0
For field wiring use cooper
bus bars only

Terminal screw
torque

AWG

Max. wire cross section

How to Install
Output Filters Design Guide

5 5

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

35

36

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

IP00
IP20
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23

IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23
IP00
IP23

130B2321
130B2341
130B2322
130B2342
130B2323
130B2343
130B2324
130B2344
130B2325
130B2345
130B2326
130B2346
130B2327
130B2347
130B2329
130B2348
130B2241
130B2270

130B2242
130B2271
130B2337
130B2381
130B2338
130B2382
130B2339
130B2383
130B2340
130B2384

680
1260
790
1290
900
1290
1140
1260
880
1304

270
670
310
670
360
670
430
670
480
910
550
910
540
1290
590
1290

430

800
800

660

640
638
640
418

630

540

490

500

430

380

310

260

220

412

650
800
677
790
684
800
584
800
740
860

410
500
410
500
410
500
400
500
490
650
540
650
660
800
680
800

150

620

350
760
365
764
430
760
453
760

760
505
760

610
295
610

240
460
320
460
320
460
280
460

120

794
1152
794
1152
884
1152
928
1152
1054
1302

368
522
378
522
440
522
478
522
542
782
493
782
641
1152
643
1152

260

C
12

Measurements / Dimensions

Table 5.3 690V Sine-wave filter - Physical Dimensions

Enclosure

19

13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11

13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11
13
11

26
15
26
15
26
15
26
15
26
15

26
15
26
15
26
15
25
15
26
15
26
15
26
15
26
15

430
610
540
675
540
670
700
775
1020
1020

14.5
16.7
30
55
45
70
75
105
120
150
165
220
220
285
228
370
330
550

kg

floor

2xM12

2xM12

2xM12

floor
floor

2xM12

2xM12

M12

M10

M10

M8

M8

M8

M8

M8

16

mm2

6/0

6/0

5/0 - 6/0

5/0

4/0 - 5/0

4/0 - 5/0

2/0 - 4/0

2/0 - 4/0

2 - 1/0

4-2

6-4

8-6

20 - 8

20 - 8

AWG

Max. wire cross section

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

floor

wall

wall/floor

Weight Mounting direction

690V Sine-wave filter - Physical Dimensions

5 5

Code
number

30/22.1

30/22.1

30/22.1

30/22.1

30/22.1

18/13.3

18/13.3

18/13.3

15/11.1

15/11.1

15/11.1

15/11.1

15/11.1

2/1.5

Nm/ft-lb

Terminal screw
torque

How to Install
Output Filters Design Guide

A2
A3

130B2542
130B2543

282
282

a
257
257

Table 5.4 Foot Print Sine-Wave Filter - Technical Data

Foot Print

Code Number
B
90
130

70
110

b
202
212

C
10
10

c
11
11

Foot Print Sine-Wave Filter - Technical Data

Dimensions
e
6
6

f
15
15

8
11.5

[kg]

Weight

Max. Wire Cross

Section
mm2
4
4

Mounting
Direction
wall
wall

How to Install
Output Filters Design Guide

5 5

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

37

6 6

How to Programme the Freque...

Output Filters Design Guide

6 How to Programme the Frequency Converter

The VLT switching frequency must be set to the

value specified for the individual filter. Please
consult the VLT Programming Guide for the
corresponding parameter values.

With an output filter installed only a reduced

Automatic Motor Adaption (AMA) can be used.

NOTE

du/dt filters, unlike Sine-wave filters, can be used at lower

switching frequency than the nominal switching frequency,
but higher switching frequency will cause the overheating of
the filter and should be avoided.

NOTE

Sine-wave filters can be used at switching frequencies higher

than the nominal switching frequency, but should never be
used at switching frequencies with less than 20% lower than
the nominal switching frequency.

6.1.1 Parameter Settings for Operation with Sine-wave Filter

Parameter no.

Name

Suggested setting

14-00

Switching Pattern

For Sine-wave filters choose SFAVM

14-01

Switching Frequency

Sine-wave: Choose value

du/dt: Choose max. value

14-55

Output Filter

Choose Sine-wave filter fixed

14-56

Capacitance Output Filter

Set the capacitance*

14-57

Inductance Output Filter

Set the inductance*

*) For FLUX control principle only. Values can be found in the chapter Selection of output filter section Electrical Data - du/dt Filters and section
Electrical Data - Sine-wave Filters

38

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

Index

Output Filters Design Guide

Index

Mounting

28

A
Abbreviations

Accessory Bag

29

Acoustic Noise

12

Aggressive Environments

11

C
Cable Length

10

Capacitance

10

Capacitors

10

NEMA
NEMA-MG1

6
10

P
Phase-to-phase

Pulse Reflections

12

Pulsewidth Modulated

CE Conformity and Labelling

Reflection Coefficient

5, 6

Common-mode Voltage

Regenerative Braking

11

Conducted Noise

Retrofit

11

Cut Off Frequency

10

RFI filter

10

Ringing Oscillation

D
Du/dt Ratio

S
Safety Requirements For Mechanical Installation

E
Earthing
Electromagnetic

Screened Cables
29
5, 7

Sinusoidal
Step Up Applications

28
29
7, 8
13

Electromagnetic Emissions

12

EMC

10

EMC performance

10

The Low-voltage Directive (73/23/eec)

Tr

F
Flash Over

11

U
Upeak

G
General Purpose Motors
General Warning

11
3

V
Voltage Drop

10

Voltage Peaks

10

Harmonics

High Frequency

Wave Reflection

High-frequency Noise

High-voltage Warning

I
IEC

IEC 600034-25

11

IEC60034-17

10

IEC-60034-17*

10

Impedance

Inductance

10

Inductors

10

Insulation
Insulation Stress

5
10

L
LC-filter

12

M
Magnetostriction

Maximum Cable Length

29

Motor Bearing Stress

10

Motor Cable

MG.90.N4.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark

39

www.danfoss.com/drives

130R0457

MG90N402

*MG90N402*

Rev. 2010-05-03