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    Concepts of Shotcrete Technology PDF

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    Sritam Swapnadarshi
    This paper presents an overview of shotcrete technology and its applications. Shotcrete is concrete that is pneumatically projected at high velocity onto a surface. It undergoes compaction during placement, unlike conventional concrete. There are two main types of shotcrete - dry process, where dry or semi-wet materials are conveyed through a hose, and wet process, where all ingredients including water are mixed and pumped. Shotcrete is commonly used for tunnel lining, dome construction, and repair of structures due to its ability to be applied to any surface. It provides better finishes and bonding than conventional concrete.

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    Concepts of Shotcrete Technology PDF

    Uploaded by

    Sritam Swapnadarshi
    2K views8 pages
    This paper presents an overview of shotcrete technology and its applications. Shotcrete is concrete that is pneumatically projected at high velocity onto a surface. It undergoes compaction during placement, unlike conventional concrete. There are two main types of shotcrete - dry process, where dry or semi-wet materials are conveyed through a hose, and wet process, where all ingredients including water are mixed and pumped. Shotcrete is commonly used for tunnel lining, dome construction, and repair of structures due to its ability to be applied to any surface. It provides better finishes and bonding than conventional concrete.

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    CONCEPTS OF SHOTCRETE TECHNOLOGY.pdf

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    This paper presents an overview of shotcrete technology and its applications. Shotcrete is concrete that is pneumatically projected at high velocity onto a surface. It undergoes compaction during placement, unlike conventional concrete. There are two main types of shotcrete - dry process, where dry or semi-wet materials are conveyed through a hose, and wet process, where all ingredients including water are mixed and pumped. Shotcrete is commonly used for tunnel lining, dome construction, and repair of structures due to its ability to be applied to any surface. It provides better finishes and bonding than conventional concrete.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views8 pages

    Concepts of Shotcrete Technology PDF

    Uploaded by

    Sritam Swapnadarshi
    This paper presents an overview of shotcrete technology and its applications. Shotcrete is concrete that is pneumatically projected at high velocity onto a surface. It undergoes compaction during placement, unlike conventional concrete. There are two main types of shotcrete - dry process, where dry or semi-wet materials are conveyed through a hose, and wet process, where all ingredients including water are mixed and pumped. Shotcrete is commonly used for tunnel lining, dome construction, and repair of structures due to its ability to be applied to any surface. It provides better finishes and bonding than conventional concrete.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    D.M.S.S.V.H.

    College of Engineering
    Machilipatnam

    A PAPER PRESENTATION
    ON

    CONCEPTS OF SHOTCRETE TECHNOLOGY


    BY

    K.HARINADH
    II/IV B.TECH (CIVIL)
    Cell: 9985457977
    E-mail: [email protected]

    CH.PRASANTH,
    II/IV B.TECH (CIVIL)
    Cell: 9866976721

    ABSTRACT:
    Shotcrete is the sprayed concrete, which was first used in Pennsylvania, USA in
    1907 by Dr.Aneley. The technology is improving giving us enhanced comforts and the
    task is completed with a greater economy in terms of both time and investment. This
    innovative technology of shotcrete was introduced to make the work easier and
    immediate where any alterations are to be made or any architectural effects are to be
    enhanced.

    INTRODUCTION: Shortcreting has proved to be the best method for construction of curved surfaces.
    Domes are now much easier to construct with the advent of shotcrete technology. Tunnel
    linings are also becoming easy with this technology. Not only are these but there a wide
    range of applications where this technology has been a leading one.
    This technical paper includes the concept of shotcrete and how it differs from
    conventional concrete. It also enumerates the different types of process involved in
    shotcreting i.e. dry mix process and wet mix process. Advantages of shotcrete and its
    applications in various fields like tunneling, canals, buildings etc. are specified in detail.
    This paper presents an overview of shotcreteing technology along with its applications.

    DEFINITION OF SHOTCRETE:Shotcrete is a mortar or high performance concrete conveyed through a hose and
    pneumatically projected at high velocity onto a backing surface. It is the force of this
    spraying action that leads to compaction of the concrete or mortar which then forms
    layers of concrete to the required thickness. Shotcreting has been an acceptable way of
    placing cementitious material in a variety of applications.
    Usually patented polypropylene fibers are included in the shotcrete which
    increases the cohesive nature of the shotcrete through mechanically binding the
    cementitious materials together. This mechanism reduces the rebound waste that occurs
    through the shotcreting process and these fibers also resist plastic shrinkage and cracking
    through their ability to enhance the early stage tensile strength of concrete.
    Shotcrete also gives better surface finishes and reduces surface tearing on nonlinear sections. Cementitious material containing the poly propylene fibers resist cycles
    of freezing and thawing and also reduces the chances of water and chemical penetrations.

    SHOTCRETE VERSUS CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE:Unlike conventional concrete, which is first placed and then compacted in the
    second operation, shotcrete undergoes placement and compaction at the same time due to
    the force with which it is projected from the nozzle.
    Shotcrete is more dense, homogeneous, strong, and waterproof than is possible to
    obtain by any other process. For most bridges original concrete will require additional
    repair long before shotcrete needs repair and it suffers little detoriations.
    Shotcrete is not placed or contained by forms. It can be impacted onto any type or
    shape of surface, including vertical or overhead areas. It forms an excellent bond with the
    substrate and can be given a variety of surface finishes.

    CLASSIFICATIONS OF SHOTCRETE:
    There are two classifications of shotcrete namely1. Dry process

    2. Wet process

    They are discussed below.


    DRY PROCESS - AN OVERVIEW:Working of dry process proceeds as per the following steps:
    Step1: Pre blended, dry or semi-dampened materials are placed into shotcrete equipment
    and metered into a hose.
    Step2: Compressed air conveys materials at high velocity to the nozzle where the water is
    added.
    Step3: Then the material is consolidated on receiving surface by high impact velocity.
    The dry process can be used for any shotcreting applications from the smallest
    patching and sealing works to largest projects like tunnel linings, pools, canal linings or
    reservoirs. The maximum production achievable with dry process equipment ranges from
    10-12 yards per hour of dry mix depending on the conditions. To achieve ultimate
    capacity it is necessary to use 2-2.5 hose and larger compressors. Most applications
    have production rates of 2-6 cubic yards per hour of mix. Patching and sealing are done
    at even low rates by employing 1-1.5 hoses.
    In dry process rebound and over spray should be considered.
    ADVANTAGES OF DRY PROCESS: Easy start up, shutdown and clean up.
    Control of materials is on site.
    Nozzle man can be up to 1000ft horizontally or 500ft vertically from the gun.

    WET PROCESS - AN OVERVIEW:Working of wet process proceeds as per the following steps:
    Step1: All ingredients, including water, are thoroughly mixed and introduced into the
    shotcrete equipment.
    Step 2: Wet material is pumped to the nozzle where compressed air is introduced to
    provide high velocity for placement and consolidation of the material onto the receiving
    surface.
    Step 3: Mostly wet-process shotcreting is done with premixed mortar or small aggregate
    concrete. The mix design and consistency of supply are very important in order to
    provide a mix with the workability or plasticity to be pumped through a small-diameter
    hose.
    Sand gradation is the same as for the dry process and for coarse aggregate
    mixes; 20-30 percent of 3/8" aggregate is added. Cement content will vary according to
    the aggregate gradation and surface area. However, most mixes contain approximately
    700 pounds or more of cement.

    ADVANTAGES OF WET PROCESS: Little or no formwork is required.


    Cost effective method for placing concrete.
    Ideal for irregular surface applications
    Allows for easier material handling in areas with difficult access

    APPLICATIONS OF SHOTCRETE: Shotcrete finds a major application in tunneling. Tunnel lining is made much
    easy by this process.

    Rehabilitation of subway tunnels


    Shotcrete technology proved to be more efficient and easy for the construction
    of domed roofs.

    Domes

    Arch culverts and highway culverts are other major applications of shotcrete.

    Highway culvert repair and arch culvert

    CONCLUSION:The use of Shotcrete to build new concrete structures as well as to restore and
    repair existing structures is well known and documented and it is perhaps the most
    diverse method available for concrete construction. The use of this innovative technology
    is increasing day by day and procedures for its proper performance are well developed
    and high quality work is regularly obtained.

    REFERENCES:
    1. www.adfil.com
    2. www.commercialshotcrete.com
    3. www.allentownequipment.com

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