52

A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

4
Coding and Decoding Tests
In any aptitude test coding and decoding type of items are very common. This is the type of Analytical
Aptitude Test. Codes are generally used in the defence services and also by intelligence agencies for
communication and secret messages from one place to another. The codes are usually prepared on some
basic principles, by which the receiver of the code messages decipher it in order to get the real message.
Coding and decoding tests are very common in selection tests. These tests assess the candidates ability to
decipher the law that codes a particular message and break the code to reveal the message and thereby
judge the ability of observation and analytical aptitude of the candidate. There may be several categories of
coding, which are as follows:

A. LETTER CODING
The letters of the alphabet are generally used in the coding system. Each letter of a word to be coded is
substituted by any other letter of the alphabet. Depending upon the rules used in encoding, letter coding
may be of the following types:
I. Random coding or coding without any specific pattern. II.
Specific pattern coding. This is of four types which are:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Forward sequence pattern

Backward sequence pattern
Skipped sequence pattern
Reverse order pattern

TYPE 1: RANDOM CODING (WITHOUT ANY SPECIFIC PATTERN)

Examples:
Directions for Questions 1-5:
A particular code has been used to rewrite a given word. Using the same rule of coding you have to either
code or decode the given word or code (as the case may be) and find out which one of the answer choice
(marked A, B, C and D) is correct.

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A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

Questions:
1. In a certain code the word BOMBAY is written as XTCXZD. Using the same code what should be the
code for the word BOY?
(A) XTC
(B) XZD
(C) XTD
(D) XTZ
2. Using the same rule of coding as in question 1, what should be the word for the code CZD?
(A) BAY
(B) MAY
(C) BOM
(D) MOB
3. In a certain code the word COLOURED is written as XDPDNAQZ. Using the same rule of coding
what should be the code for the word ORDER?
(A) DAZQA (B) DAQZA
(C) ADZQA
(D) DAZAQ
4. Using the same rule of coding as in question 3, what should be the code for the word LOUD?
(A) PDQZ (B) DPNZ
(C) ADZN
(D) PDNZ
5. Using the same rule of coding as in question 3, what should be the word for the code ANPQ?
(A) LORE (B) DOOR
(C) RULE
(D) CODE
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) Each coded letter for the word is B(X), O(T), M(C), B(X), A(Z), Y(D),
similarly for B(X), O(T), Y(D) = XTD = (C)
2. (B) Here, C(M), Z(A), D(Y) = MAY
3. (A) Here C(X), O(D), L(P), O(D), U(N), R(A), E(Q), D(Z). So,
O(D), R(A), D(Z), E(Q), R(A) = DAZQA = (A)
4. (D) L(P), O(D), U(N), D(Z) = PDNZ = (D).
5. (C) A(R), N(U), P(L), Q(E) = RULE = (C).
TYPE 2: CODING WITH A SPECIFIC PATTERN
Here the letters are allotted an artificial value but in a specific pattern, which may be forward, backward or
skipped, as follows.
a. Forward Sequence Pattern:
Here each letter is coded by the next in alphabetic sequence.
Example:
If SUBMIT is coded as TVCNJU, what should be the code for the word NEVER?
(A) OFWSF
(B) OFWFS
(C) MFWSF
(D) OFSFW.
Answer and Explanation:
Answer is (B). i.e. OFWFS.
Here, S becomes T, U becomes V, B becomes C, M becomes N, I becomes J and T becomes U.
Similarly N = O, E = F, V = W, E = F, R = S.
b. Backward Sequence Pattern:
Here each letter is coded either by its previous letter in the alphabet or in backward alphabetic order, e.g., A
= Z, B = Y, C = X etc.
Examples:
1. If COME is coded as BNLD, what should be the code for the word TRADE?
(A) PQBCD
(B) SQZCD
(C) RPYBC
(D) SPZCD
2.

If ZEAL is coded as AVZO, what should be the code of HIGH? (A) SRTS (B)
RSTR (C) TRST (D) STRS Answers and Explanations:

Coding and Decoding Tests

54

1.

(B) Here each letter is coded with exactly its previous letter in the alphabet , e.g., T = S, R = Q, A =
Z, D = C and E = D, i.e., SQZCD = B.

2.

(A) Here, the coding is done in backward alphabetic order, e.g., A = Z, B = Y, C = X and so on. So,
H = S, I = R, G = T, i.e. SRTS = A.

c. Skipped Sequence Pattern:

Here, the coding is done by skipping of letters. This skipping may be either forward or backward.
Examples:
1. If JOIN is coded as MRLQ, what should be the code of BEAT?
(A) EDHW (B) DGCV
(C) EHDW
(D) CFBU
2. If MILK is coded as IEHG, what should be the code for the word BORN?
(A) ZMPL (B) XKNJ
(C) FSVR
(D) YLOK
Answers and Explanations:
1. (C) Here the codes are formed by skipping two letters forward, i.e., J(KL)M, O(PQ)R, I(JK)L,
N(OP)Q. So, B(CD)E, E(FG)H, A(BC)D, T(UV)W.
2. (B) Here the codes are formed by skipping three letters backward, i.e. I(JKL)M, E(FGH)I, H(IJK)L,
G(HIJ)K. Hence X(YZA)B, K(LMN)O, N(OPQ)R, J(KLM)N.
d. Reverse Order Pattern:
Here the coding is done by simple reversing the letters of the word to be coded.
Examples:
1. In a certain code the word ROAST is written as TSAOR. Using the same pattern what should be the
code for the word CHINA?
(A) DIJOB (B) BGHMZ
(C) ANHIC
(D) ANIHC
2. In a certain code the GIVEN is written as NEVIG. Using the same pattern what should be the word
for the code ECART?
(A) DELHI (B) TRACE
(C) LOTUS
(D) THORN
Answers and Explanations:
1. (D)
Just reversing the letters of the word CHINA.
2. (B)
Here also by reversing the letters of the code ECART, we get TRACE.
TYPE 2: CODING WITH NUMBERS
Sometimes coding is done by using numbers, i.e., the letters of the word to be coded are allotted a
numerical value. Depending upon the rules used in encoding, coding with numbers may be of the following
types:
I. Random numbering or numbering without a specific pattern.
II. Numbering with a specific pattern. This is of three types, which are:
(i)
(ii)
(c)
(d)

Coding according to the position number of letters.

Coding with skipping of position number of letters.
Backward sequence numbering.
Random sequence numbering.

I. Random numbering:
Here, coding is done by replacing each letter of a word with a unique number.

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A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

Example:
In a certain code, the word CALCUTTA is written as 53759883. What should be the code for the word
ACTUAL ?
(A) 385937
(B) 358937
(C) 358793
(D) 358973.
Answers and Explanation:
1. (B) Here each letter of the word CALCUTTA is replaced by a unique number and all the letters of the
word ACTUAL are included in the word CALCUTTA. So the code will be A=3, C=5, T=8,
U=9, A=3, L=7, or 358937=(B).
II. Numbering with a specific pattern:
Here, the letters are allotted an artificial numbers but in a specific pattern with are as follows: a. Coding
according to the position number letter in the alphabet:
Here coding is done by replacing each letter of a word with the position number of that letter in the
alphabet.
Examples:
1. In a certain code, the word BEG is written as 257. What should be the code for the wordCACHE?
(A) 31385 (B) 38135
(C) 31358
(D) 35183.
2. If BAKE is coded as 2-1-11-5, what should be the code for the word LADY?
(A) 25-4-1-12
(B) 10-1-4-25
(C) 12-1-4-24
(D) 12-1-4-25.
Answers and Explanations:
1. (A) Here the letters are coded according to their position numbers in the alphabet, i.e. A=1, B=2,
C=3, etc. Hence, C=3, A=1, C=3, H=8, E=5, or 31385=(A).
2. (D)
Here, also each letter is coded according to its actual position number in the alphabet,
i.e., forward sequence numbering.
b. Coding with skipping of position numbers of letters:
Here coding is done by skipping forward one or more than one number from its original position numbers
in the alphabet.
Example:
If BED is coded as 476, what should be the word for the code 839?
(A) BAG
(B) DEB
(C) FAG
(D) FAD.
Answer and Explanation:
1. (C) Here each letter is coded by skipping one number forward from its original position in the alphabet,
i.e., B=2(3)4, E=5(6)7, D=4(5)6. So, 8(7)6=F, 3(2)1=A, 9(8)7=G=FAG=(C).
TYPE 4: BACKWARD SEQUENCE NUMBERING
Here for coding, the letters are allotted numbers from the reverse side maintaining the alphabetic sequence
in the reverse direction, i.e., A=26, B=25, C=24 and so on.
Example:
If QUICK is coded as 10-6-18-24-16, what should be the code for the word GOAT?
(A) 20-12-25-7
(B) 15-12-24-20
(C) 20-12-26-7
(D) 20-11-26-7.
Answer:
(C) Here, G=20, O=12, A=26, T=7, or 20-12-26-7 = C.

Coding and Decoding Tests

56

TYPE 5: RANDOM SEQUENCE NUMBERING

In this process of coding, any number, taken randomly, allotted to the starting alphabet, keeping letters in
their normal alphabetic sequence.
Examples:
1. If DARK is coded as 7-4-21-14, what should be the code for the word ABLE?
(A) 4-5-16-8(B) 4-5-15-8
(C) 4-5-12-8
(D) 1-2-12-5.
2. If CABLE is coded as 8-6-7-17-10, what should be the code for the word BACK?
(A) 5-4-8-14(B) 6-5-7-15
(C) 2-1-3-11
(D) 7-6-8-16.
Answers and Explanations:
1. (B)
Here the letter A is allotted the number 4 and subsequent scheme follows, i.e., B=5,
C=6, D=7, etc. So, for ABLE it would be 4-5-15-8=(B).
2. (D)
Here the letter A is allotted the number 6. So, B=7, A=6, C=8, K=16 or 7-6-8-16=(D).

PRACTICE TEST
Directions for Questions 1-30:
A particular code has been used to rewrite a given word. Using the same rule of coding you have to either
code or decode the given word or code (as the case may be) and find out which one of the answer choice
(marked A, B, C and D) is correct.
6. If the word COLOURED is coded as
Questions:
XDPDNAQZ, what should be the code for
1. If the word COLOURED is coded as
the word LOUDER?
XDPDNAQZ, what should be the code for
(A) PDNXQA
(B) PDNZAQ
the word ORDER?
(C)
DPDNZQ
(D) PDNZQA
(A) DAQZA(B) ADZQA
7.
If
the
word
CONNECTION
is coded as
(C) DAZQA
(D) DAZAQ
PBDDRXAQBD,
what
should
be the word
2. If the word BEAST is written as FIEWX,
for
the
code
DBAQXR?
what should be the code for the word GIRL?
(A) NATION
(B) TONITE
(A) KMVP (B) KNVP
(C) NOTICE
(D) NOTION
(C) LIRG
(D) LMVP
8. If the wordBEAUTIFUL is written as
3. If the word COME is coded AMKC, what
DGCWVKHWN, what should be the code
should be the word for the code BCJFG?
for the word HANDSOME? (A) JCPFUQOG
(A) DRILL (B) DOZEN
(B) JPUOQGCF
(C) DELHI
(D) DENSE
(C) IBOETPNF
(D) JCPFUOQG
4. If the word SUBMIT, is coded as
9.
If
the
word
VILLAGE
is coded as
TVCNJU, what should be the code for the
ZPXXMRQ, what should be the code for the
word NEVER?
word LEAVE?
(A) OFWSF (B) MFWSF (C) MFWFS (D)
(A) XQPZQ (B) XZQMQ (C) XQMZQ(D)
OFWFS
XQZMQ.
5. If the word ELECTRICITY is written as
10.
If
the
word AMMONIA is coded as
57542184829, what should be the code for
DPPRQLD,
what should be the word for the
the word TIER?
code
FKORULQH?
(A) 2815
(B) 2851
(A) CONVENER
(B) CHLORINE
(C) 2185
(D) 2581
(C) CONVERGE
(D) ELECTRON

57

11. If the word HUNDRED, is coded as

FSLBPCB, what should be the code for the
word PRESIDENT?
(A) NPCQGBCLR (B) PQNCGBCLR
(C) NPQCGBCLR
(D) NPQCBGCLR
12. If the word AEROPLANE is coded as
CGTQRNCPG, what should be the word for
the code FGVGTOKPGF?
(A) DISHONESTY (B) SUFFICIENT
(C) COMPLETELY
(D) DETERMINED
13. If the word HORSE is coded as ESROH,
what should be the code for the word
TRAVEL?
(A) LEVART
(B) VARTEL
(C) LEARVT
(D) LEARTV
14. If the word TEMPLE is coded as ELPMET,
what should be the word for the code
EEVEL?
(A) FLOOD (B) LEVEE
(C) LEVEL
(D) BREAD
15. If the word LAND is coded as OZMW,
what should be code for the word EARTH?
(A) VIZGS (B) VIGAZ
(C) VZIGS
(D) VIZAG
16. If the word TENOR is coded as RONET,
what should be the code for the word
CHAINED?
(A) BGZHMDC
(B) DIBJOFE
(C) DNIEAHC
(D) DENIAHC
17. If the word HOTEL is coded as 12345, what
should be the code for the word LOTH?
(A) 5231
(B) 3521
(C) 1234
(D) 5321
18. If the word LITTLE is coded as 639962 and
BARK is coded as 8754, then what should
be the code for the word BETTER?
(A) 829945 (B) 829925
(C) 839935
(D) 859952
19. Using the same code as in question 18, what
should be the code for the word TABLE?
(A) 98762 (B) 89762
(C) 78962
(D) 97862
20. If WATER is coded as 23-1-20-5-18, what
should be the code for the word FOOD?
(A) 7-15-15-4
(B) 6-15-15-4
(C) 6-17-17-4
(D) 6-16-16-4

A Handbook of Verbal Reasoning

21. Using the same code as in question 20, what

Answers and Explanations:
1.
(C)
Here O=D, R=A, D=Z, E=Q,
R=A. should be the code for the word
BALLAD? (A) 2-1-12-12-1-4 (B) 1-2-12-12-1-4
(C) 2-1-11-11-1-4
(D) 2-1-12-12-2-4
22. If SEA is coded as 21-7-3, what should be the
code for the word CINEMA? (A) 3-1-14-513-1 (B) 4-2-15-6-14-2
(C) 5-11-16-7-15-3 (D) 5-16-11-7-15-3
23. If CHURCH is coded as 1-6-19-16-1-6,
what should be the code for the word
BODY?
(A) 2-15-4-25
(B) 3-16-5-26
(C) 26-13-2-23
(D) 26-13-2-24
24. If EAR is coded as 22-26-9, what should be
the code for the word COW?
(A) 3-15-23
(B) 24-12-4
(C) 25-13-3 (D) 4-12-24
25. If DOG is coded as 23-12-20, what should
be the word for the code 25-12-26-7?
(A) GOAT
(B) BIRD
(C) HAND (D) BOAT
26. If CLOCK is coded as 25-16-13-25-17,
what should be the code for the word
WATCH?
(A) 5-1-8-25-20
(B) 5-26-7-24-19
(C) 23-1-20-3-8
(D) 6-2-9-26-21
27. If BANK is coded as 24-25-12-15, what
should be the word for the code 22-21-24176?
(A) MONEY
(B) DEBTS
(C) DEBIT (D) RUPEE
28. If SCHOOL is coded as 22-6-11-18-18-15,
what should be the code for the word
TEACHER?
(A) 23-8-3-6-11-8-22
(B) 23-8-4-6-11-8-23
(C) 23-8-4-6-11-8-21 (D) 20-5-1-3-8-5-18
29. If HAND is coded as 9-2-15-5, what should
be the word for the code 13-6-8?
(A) ARM
(B) LEG
(C) FIT
(D) BEG

Coding and Decoding Tests

30. If BUS is coded as 6-25-23, what should be

the code for the word TRAM? (A) 24-22-517 (B) 23-21-4-16

58

(C) 20-18-1-13

(D) 7-9-26-14

2.
(A)
Skipping 3 letters forward (skipped sequence pattern).
3.
(C) Backward sequence pattern.
4.
(D) Forward sequence pattern.
5.
(B) Coded by unique numbers.
6.
(D) Coded by unique letters, i.e., L=P, O=D, U=N, D=Z, E=Q, R=A.
7.
(C) Coded by unique letters.
8.
(A) Skipped sequence pattern, skipping one letter forward.
9.
(C) Coded by unique letters.
10. (B) Skipping two letters forward.
11.
(A) Skipping one letter backward.
12. (D) Skipping one letter forward.
13. (A) Reverse order pattern.
14. (B) Reverse order pattern.
15. (C) Backward sequence pattern.
16. (D) Reverse order pattern.
17. (A) Coded by unique numbers.
18. (B) Coded by unique numbers.
19. (D) Coded by unique numbers.
20. (B) Coded according to their position number in the alphabet.
21. (A) Coded according to their position number in the alphabet.
22. (C) Skipping one number forward from its original position.
23. (C) Skipping one number backward.
24. (B) Backward sequence numbering.
25. (D) Backward sequence numbering.
26. (A) Backward sequence numbering, shifting one position number forward.
27. (C) Backward sequence numbering, shifting one position number backward.
28. (C) Random sequence numbering, taking A=4, B=5, C=6, and so on.
29. (B) Random sequence numbering, taking A=2, B=3, etc.
30. (A) Random sequence numbering, taking A=5, B=6, etc.
There may be certain other types of coding/decoding which are given below.
TYPE 6: CODING BY COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
Directions:
Here two columns of letters are presented consisting of a few rows; letters of column I are given in capitals
and that of column-II in small letters. Each small letter in Column II stands for some capital letter in
Column I of the same row. However the small letters in Column II are not arranged in the same order as
their corresponding letter in Column I. The code is the same for all items in Column I. Compare the
columns and decode the underlined letters in Column I, from the same row of choices provided by the side
of Column II.
Questions:
Column-I
1. H N T B Z
2. C T N Z B
3. D N B Z C
4. O H N T Z

vbhntn
t h n w vw
x h v t wv
tbhin h

Column-II
t
v
x
b

b
h
t
n

(A)
v
t
w
i

(B)
h
n
h
t

(C)

(D)

(E)

5. T Z O B K n i v e t i
e
v
n
t
Answers and Explanations:
1. C, 2. A, 3. B, 4. D, 5. B.
Here, for decoding all the five questions are to be compared. If we see questions 1 and 2, we find that
letters N, T, B, Z are common in both the questions in Column I, similarly the code letters v, h, n, t are also
common for questions 1 and 2. So, the code for H = b given in alternative C and code for C = w given in
alternative A.
Similarly from questions 2 and 3, where C, N, B, Z are common in Column I and t, h, v and w are
common in Column II correspondingly and the only number left, uncommon in Column -II against
Question-3 is x which should be D, given alternative B.
Similarly, in questions 1 and 4, we find H, N, T, Z are common in Column-I and t, b, h, n are common in
Column-II. So, O =i, given in alternative D.
Similarly, we can find T, Z, O, B common in other questions. So, the code for K is e, given in
alternative B.
Questions:
If, nad lad zad means children like fun;
zad Jad kad means we like ice creams; Jad tad
nad means children want ice creams.
6. What is the code for the word children?
(A) lad
(B) nad
(C) zad
(D) tad.
7. What does Jad means?
(A) children
(B) fun
(C) like
(D) ice creams.
Answers and Explanations:
6. (B) From the first and third propositions the code word nad is common, which should be
children.
7. (D) From proposition two and three; we find ice creams and the code Jad common. So, Jad
means ice creams.
TYPE 7: CODING WITH SOME RULE
In this pattern of coding certain rules are followed in coding the letters of a word which can be cleared by
the following examples:
Examples:
8. If in a certain code JOHN is written as, KNIM, what should be the code for the word BOYS?
(A) CPZT (B) ANXR
(C) CNZR
(D) APXT.
9. If DELHI is coded as CFKIH, what should be the word for the code JBMQTS?
(A) BOMBAY
(B) BHOPAL
(C) NAGPUR
(D) KANPUR.
Answers and Explanations:
8. (C) Here each odd letter is coded with the following letter and even letter, with the preceding letter in
the alphabetic order, e.g. B=C, O=N, Y=Z, S=R, or CNZR=(C).
9. (D) Here odd letters are coded with preceding letters and even letters with the following letters in the
alphabetic order, e.g. J=K, B=A, M=N, Q=P, T=U, S=R, or KANPUR=(D).
Examples:
10. If FATHER IS CODED AS FBTIES, what should be the code for the word SISTER?
(A) SJSUES
(B) TJTUFS
(C) SHSSEQ
(D) SKSVET

11. If MOTHER is coded as TOMREH, what should be the code for the word NEPHEW? (A)
HPENWE (B) PENWEH (C) ENHPWE (D) WEHPEN
Answers and Explanations:
10. (A) Here, not all the letters of the word are coded, only the even letters of the word are coded with
the following letters in the alphabetic order, e.g., S, I=J, S, T=U, E, R=S, or SJSUES.
11. (B)
Here, coding is done simply by reversing the first three letters, followed by the next three
letters, e.g., NEP=PEN and HEW=WEH, or PENWEH=(B).
TYPE 8: CODING WITH SOME MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS WITH THE POSITION
NUMBER OF THE LETTERS
Here, coding is usually done by performing an arithmetical operation of the numbers of each letter to be
coded.
Example:
12. If in a certain code TALE is written as 38, what should be the code for the word COME?
(A) 38
(B) 32 (C) 35 (D) 36
13. If in a certain code BORE is written as 10, what should be the code for the word HOTEL?
(A) 60
(B) 30 (C) 12 (D) 15
14. In a certain code MAKE is written as 120, what should be the code for the word DRAMA?
(A) 148
(B) 185 (C) 37 (D) 158.
15. If in a certain code PEN is written as 32, what should be the code for the word PENCIL?
(A) 59
(B) 56 (C) 53 (D) 65.
Answers and Explanations:
12. (D)
Here the position numbers of the letters are simply added together, e.g., C=3, O =15,
M=13, E=5 or 3+15+13+5 = 36 = (D).
13. (C) Here the total of the position numbers of letters is divided by the number of letters in the word,
e.g., H=8, O=15, T=20, E=5, L=12, or 8+15+20+5+12 = 60 5 = 12 =(C). There are 5 letters in
HOTEL.
14. (B) Here the total of the position numbers of letters is multiplied by the number of letters in the
word, e.g., D=4, R=18, A=1, M=13, A=1, or 4+18+1+13+1 = 375 = 185 = (B).
15. (C) Here from the total of the position numbers of letters, the number of letters in the word are to be
subtracted, e.g., P=16, E=5, N=14, C=3, I=9, L=12, or 16+5+14+3+9+12 = 59 6 (There are 6
letters in PENCIL) = 53 = (C).
TYPE 9: CODING WITH AD-HOC NUMBERING OF LETTERS (ANALOGICAL CODING)
In these types of codes letters are allotted different values which are indicated in the question. It would be
clear from the following examples.
Examples:
Directions for Questions 16-19:
A shopkeeper uses a code name BUDGETAR with a value of 36, where B=Rs. 1, U=Rs. 2, D=Rs.3, and
so on. Using the same code, answer the following questions.
16. What should be the price of BREAD?
(A) Rs. 24 (B) Rs. 36
(C) Rs. 16
(D) Rs. 42.
17. What should be the price of BUTTER?
(A) Rs. 30 (B) Rs. 28
(C) Rs. 24
(D) Rs. 38

18. The price of which article is Rs. 13?

(A) Soap
(B) Tar (C) Bag (D) Egg.
19. What is the code price of an article worth Rs. 20?
(A) BUAR (B) DGAR
(C) RAGB
(D) GBER.
20. In a certain code CHERA is coded as 12345, what should be the code word for 15?
(A) EA
(B) CA (C) RA (D) HE
Answers and Explanations:
16. (A) B=1, R=8, E=5, A=7, D=3 or 1+8+5+7+3 = 24 = (A).
17. (B) Here, BUTTER = 1+2+6+6+5+8 = 28 = (B).
18. (D) EGG = 5+4+4=13 = (D).
19. (C) R=8, A=7, G=4, B=1, or 8+7+4+1 = 20 = (C).
20. (B) Here, for using the code words, or, rather letters, the ad hoc number allotted to them are not
added together, e.g. 15 means 1 = C and 5 = A or CA = B.
TYPE 10: MISCELLANEOUS CODING SCHEMES
In this scheme some words and code numbers are given, where the codes are not under their respective
words.
Examples:
In the following words you will find the codes are not under their respective positions. Study them carefully
and answer the questions that follow:
SEAL
LESS
LEASE
FEAR
MESS
9856
2877
7850
0877
08578.
After arranging the above, what is the code or word for the following words or codes?
21. FELL
(A) 0890
(B) 0980(C) 9800(D) 9866
22. MEALS
(A) 08578 (B) 82507
(C) 25087
(D) 28507
23. LAME
(A) 0528
(B) 0258(C) 5820(D) 8205
24. 9568
(A) FEAR (B) FARE
(C) MALE
(D) SAIL
25. 2508
(A) MILL (B) SLUR
(C) MALE
(D) LEAR
Answers and Explanations:
21. (C), 22. (D), 23. (A), 24. (B) and 25. (C).
Arranging of codes can be done by the process of elimination. Among the five words coded, there is only
one word which contains five letters, i.e. LEASE and the only five number code is 08578. So, L=0, E=8,
A=5, S=7, E=8. Now, there are two words SS common at the end, may go for 2877 and 0877. As we
know, L =0, we can safely put 0877 under LESS and the remaining 2877 under MESS. Now for the
words SEAL and FEAR, as the former ends with L whose code is 0, so 7850, will come under
SEAL and 9856 will stand for FEAR. So, codes for the letters are , M = 2, F = 9 and R = 6.
So for Q:
21. FELL = 9800 = (C)
22. MEALS = 28507 = (D)
23. LAME = 0528 = (A)
24. 9568 = FARE = (B)

25. 2508 = MALE = (C).

TYPE 11: CODING WITH CHARACTER AND SIGNS
In this coding procedure some special characters or common signs e.g., +, , , (), @, *, !, , , =, :, ;, etc.
are used along with letters or numbers (digits). As this analogical coding is done on the ad hoc basis,
deciphering of such codes are to be done most carefully.
Examples:
26. If PENCIL is coded as = @ ; ? + *, what should be the code for the word CLIP?
(A) ? + * @ (B) ? ; @ =
(C) ? * + =
(D) ? * = +
If COST is coded as ?, = and DUPE as :* following the same code.
27. What should be the code for the word POST?
(A) : ? = (B) * , =
(C) ? , =
(D) * ? , =
28. What should be the code for the word TEST?
(A) = , = (B) = , =
(C) , = =
(D) = ? , =
Answers & Explanations:
26. (C)
27. (D)
28. (B)

P =, E @, N ;, C ?, I + and L * So, C =?, L = *, I = + and P = = or ? *

+ = or (C)
P = *, O = ?, S = , and T = = or *?, = or (D)
T =, E , S , and T = or =, = or (B)

PRACTICE TEST
Directions for Questions 1 to 12:
In each question below, the capital letters in Column I are written in a code in small letters in Column II.
Each small letter in Column II stands for the same capital letter in Column I. The small letters are not
arranged in the same order as the capital letters. Study all the questions carefully and find out which small
letter stands for the underlined capital letter in each question in Column I.
Questions:
Column I
(A)
e
d
g
w
r
r
f
s
o
h
o
q

(B)
v
t
e
x
x
w
h
j
e
f
d
j

1.
O B S T U
2.
A Q S O T
3.
D A B T X
4.
U T B A S
5.
U S B T O
6.
T O L Q S
7.
A C E G L
8.
E G C P L
9.
L G E C B
10. E C L N G
11. A L G B T
12. L P G K N
Directions for Questions 13-15:
If according to a certain code:
hop, mop, sop, dop means Rahim is in Agra.

Column II
(C)
w
v
d
e
e
t
j
o
j
q
j
s

(D)
x
r
w
d
v
v
o
f
h
j
e
n

(E)
r
w
a
v
w
o
d
h
f
o
w
o

nop, kop, mop, gop means Rahim should come here.

rop, zop, dop, kop means Subhas is here today.
sop, nop, zop, pop means Subhas should visit Agra.
Questions:
13. What is the code for Agra?
(A) sop
(B) dop
14. What does rop mean?
(A) Subhas
(B) is
15. Which is the code for come?
(A) nop
(B) gop

(C) mop

(D) hop

(C) today

(D) here

(C) kop

(D) mop

Directions for Questions 16-20:

If according to a certain code,
I received a letter, means we saw an aircraft.
Robin received one too, means the aircraft is red.
Robin loves long letter, means captain saw red flag. I like
long one, means we believe the captain.
16. What does the code word received mean?
(A) We
(B) Blue
(C) Aircraft
(D) Saw
17. What is the code of the word saw?
(A) Letter
(B) I
(C) Long
(D) Loves
18. What does the code word Robin mean?
(A) The
(B) Flag
(C) Captain
(D) Red
19. What is the code of the word believe?
(A) I
(B) Like
(C) Long
(D) One
20. What is the code for the word Captain?
(A) Robin
(B) Loves
(C) Long
(D) Letter.
If CALCUTTA is coded as BBKDTUSB,
21. What is the code of MOSCOW?
(A) NPTDPX
(B) WOCSOM
(C) LNRBNV
(D) LPRDNX
22. What is the code of PURI?
(A) OVQJ
(B) OTQH
(C) QVSJ
(D) IRUP.
If according to a certain code ATONCE is coded as AVOPCG,
23. What should be the code for the word COME?
(A) CPMF
(B) CQMG
(C) EONE
(D) CNMD
24. Decode the letter BGRNIP.
(A) BOMBAY
(B) LONDON
(C) BERLIN
(D) NAGPUR
25. If in a certain code CROSS is written as ATMUQ, how do you decode BGKQQ?
(A) DEMOS (B) DRESS
(C) DREGS
(D) DENSE
26. If LONDON is coded as NOLNOD, what is the code for the word MATTER?
(A) TAMTER
(B) RETTAM
(C) AMTRET
(D) TAMRET
27. If PENCIL is coded as 59, what should be the code for the word TRAIN?
(A) 39
(B) 62 (C) 31 (D) 60
28. If GRAND is coded as 22, what should be the code for the word CAR?
(A) 22
(B) 44 (C) 11 (D) 20

29. If SCHOOL is coded as 66, what should be the code for the word TAXI? (A) 53 (B) 49 (C) 50 (D)
54
30. If DEAR is coded as 7, what should be the code for the word BEARS?
(A) 9
(B) 45 (C) 36 (D) 18
31. If CAR is coded as 66, what should be the code for the word BOOK?
(A) 43
(B) 129 (C) 39 (D) 172
32. If HIGH is coded as 5645, what should be the code for the word FEEL?
(A) 2338
(B) 3449(C) 3229(D) 4337
Directions for Questions 33-38:
A shopkeeper uses a code SILWOXHAP = 45, where S = Rs. 1, I = Rs. 2, L = Rs. 3, and so on, using the
same code, answer the following questions.
Questions:
33. What is the price of WAX?
(A) Rs. 19
(B) Rs. 18
(C) Rs. 20
(D) Rs. 10
34. The price of which article is Rs. 23?
(A) SOAP
(B) POLISH
(C) OIL
(D) SILL
35. What is the code price of an article worth Rs. 25?
(A) WASP
(B) HAPO
(C) PAIL
(D) SHAP
36. What is the price of OIL?
(A) Rs. 9
(B) Rs. 12
(C) Rs. 10
(D) Rs. 15
37. What is the price of the POLISH?
(A) Rs. 25
(B) Rs. 27
(C) Rs. 26
(D) Rs. 24
38. What is the code of an article worth Rs. 56?
(A) XH
(B) OX
(C) HA
(D) WO
Directions for Questions 39-42:
In a certain code FELANPRDI is coded as 123456789. Based on this coding answer the following
questions.
39. What should be the code for the word LEARN?
(A) 32475
(B) 34275
(C) 32175
(D) 34725
40. What is the code for RIDE?
(A) 7892
(B) 7682
(C) 7928
(D) 7982
41. What should be the word for the code 7247?
(A) FEAR
(B) PEAR
(C) REAR
(D) RAIR
42. What should be the word for the code 647482?
(A) DIAPER
(B) PARADE
(C) PATRON
(D) PARDON
Directions for questions 43-46:
In the following words codes are not under their respective positions. Study them carefully and after
arranging them answer the following questions:
INSTALL
NATIONS
STRINGS
INSTILL
STATIONS
OPTIONS
324503
4532177
5124953
9624953
4532477
32124953
Questions:
43. What is the code for the word POSTAL?
(A) 693517 (B) 693417
(C) 694517

(D) 692517

44. What is the word for the code 2933?

(A) BOSS (B) TELL
(C) TILL
45. What is the code for the word LOTION?
(A) 753214
(B) 792945
46. What is the word for the code 3950?
(A) PAST
(B) SONG
Directions for questions 47-50:

(D) TOSS
(C) 792495

(D) 792594

(C) SNOB

(D) SING

If in a certain code RAIL is written as =+;@ and DEEP is written as , , * answer the following questions.
47. What should be the code for the word DEAR?
(A) ,+=
(B) ,=+
(C) , +=
(D) ,*+
48. What should be the word for the code *,+=?
(A) PEAL
(B) PEAT
(C) PEAR
(D) PEAK
49. What should be the code for the word REAP?
(A) *+,=
(B) ,=+*
(C) +,=*
(D) =,+*
50. What should be the word for the code @;,=?
(A) LIAR
(B) LIER
(C) LEAP
(D) LEAD
Answers and Explanations:
1. (D), 2. (B), 3. (C), 4. (C), 5. (A), 6. (B), 7. (E), 8. (A), 9. (B), 10. (C), 11. (E),
12. (D) All the 12 questions are to be compared here.
13. (A) We find Agra in 1st and 4th propositions, where only Sop is common.
14. (C) Rop is the new code for the new word or only word today.
15. (B) Come is also unique word in 2nd propositions, so gop must be the code.
16. (C) 17. (A), 18. (D), 19. (B), 20. (C) Comparing all the propositions and by the process of
elimination, 21. (D)
22. (A) Odd letters are coded with preceding letters and even letters with the following letters.
23. (B), 24. (C) Here only even letters are coded with the skipping of one letter forward.
25. (A) Here odd letters are coded with the skipping of one letter backward and even letters with the
skipping of one letter forward.
26. (D) Reversing first 3 letters and then the last 3 letters.
27. (B) By adding the position numbers of the alphabets.
28. (C) By adding the position numbers and then divided by 2.
29. (C) By adding the position numbers and then subtracted the number of letters.
30. (A) By adding the position numbers and then divided by the number of letters.
31. (D) By adding the position numbers and then multiplied with the number of letters.
32. (C) Ad hoc coding, e.g., D=1, E=2, F=3 and so on.
33. (B), 34. (A), 35. (D), 36. (C), 37. (B),
38. (B) S I L W O X H A P 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 = 45
39. (A), 40. (D), 41. (C), 42. (B) (Same as above).
43. (A), 44. (D), 45. (C), 46. (B) By comparing all the six words and six codes and by process of
elimination.
47. (A),48. (C), 49. (D), 50. (B)
R AI L
DEEP
=+ ;@

, , *

B. MATRIX CODING
In this type of coding system letters and their code numbers are given in two matrices. Questions that
follow containing letters from both the matrices. So for searching of code numbers both the matrices as well
as the position number of letters are to be consulted.
Example:
Matrix-I

Matrix-II

Directions for Questions 1-3:

Each of the following questions are based on these two matrices. Study each letter of the word and find out
the code from the matrices given, and answer the question.
1. WORD
(A) 55, 01, 76, 41
(B) 96, 42, 66, 14
(C) 69, 01, 58, 14
(D) 55, 01, 75, 44
2. ROOM
(A) 98, 10, 42, 85
(B) 66, 24, 24, 77
(C) 57, 01, 00, 67
(D) 98, 42, 42, 89
3. BAIL
(A) 02, 04, 03, 86
(B) 11, 30, 31, 79
(C) 43, 12, 40, 95
(D) 43, 04, 14, 59
Answers and Explanations:
1. (B) 96, 42, 66, 14. From Matrix-II, the codes of W are found 55, 69, 78, 87 and 96. From Matrix-I,
the codes of the word O are 01, 10, 24, 33 and 42. From Matrix-II, the codes for the word R are
57, 66, 75, 89 and 98. From MatrixI, D is coded by 00, 14, 23, 32, 42..
(In all the cases code numbers are represented first by rows and next by
columns.) Clearly only (B) contains all the correct codes.
2. (A) 98, 10, 42, 85. Here code numbers for R and O are given in question-1. For M coded from
matrix-II are 58, 67, 76, 85 and 99. Here only (A) gives all the correct codes.
3. (C) 43, 12, 40, 95. Here from matrix-I B can be coded 02, 11, 20, 34 and 43, A can be coded as
03, 12, 21, 30 and 44; I can be coded as 04, 13, 22, 31 and 40. From matrix-II, L can be coded as
59, 68, 77, 86 and 95. Only correct alternative containing all the correct codes is (C).
Substitution:
In this type of coding system some substitute names (codes) are assigned for some particular objects. Here,
the questions are to be answered in the substitute or code names.
Examples:
1. If mouth is called leg, leg is called nose, nose is called ear and ear is called eye, with which of the
following a person walks?
(A) leg
(B)
ear
(C) eye (D) nose (E)
mouth
2. If book is called watch, watch is called bag, bag is called car and car is called window, which is used
for measuring time?

(A) watch (B)

bag

(C) car (D) window

(E)

book

Answers and Explanations:

1. (D) Nose. A person walks with the legs, but here leg is called nose, so a person with his nose, hence
(D) nose is the correct answer.
2. (B)
Bag. Normally watch is used for measuring time, but here watch is renamed as bag.
Hence (B) is the correct answer.
Mixed Number Coding:
In this type of coding certain message is coded with a group of numbers. Here codes are deciphered by
comparison and elimination of a few messages in the question.
Examples:
1. In a certain code language 134 means good and tasty, 478 means see good pictures and 729
means pictures are faint, which of the following digit stands for see?
(A) 9
(B)
2
(C) 1
(D) 8 (E)
7
2. In a certain code language 526 means sky is blue, 247 means blue colour pen, 436 means
colour is beautiful, which digit stands for beautiful?
(A) 3
(B)
2
(C) 4
(D) 5 (E)
7.
Answers and Explanations:
1. (D) 8. In the first and second statements the common word is good and common number is 4. So
4 means good. Between 2nd and 3rd statements common word is picture and common number is
7. So only number left for the 2nd message is 8 which must be for see.
2. (A) 3. In Ist and 2nd statements the common word is blue and common number is 2. Hence 2
means blue. In the 2nd and 3rd statements the common word is colour and the common number is
4. In 1st and 3rd statements common word is is, and common number is 6, so only uncommon
number left in the 3rd statement is 3 which means beautiful.

PRACTICE TEST- 4.3

Directions for Questions 1-10:
Each question below is based on the two matrices given above the question. Identify the set for the word
given in each question and mark the correct answer.
Matrix-I

Matrix-II

(I.Tax of Central Excise, 1996)

1. COLD
(A) 44, 96, 95, 22
2. POND
(A) 55, 96, 67, 11
3. LEAP

(B) 31, 99, 77, 22

(C) 30, 66, 86, 43

(D) 10, 85, 79, 24.

(B) 66, 69, 68, 24

(C) 55, 78, 98, 44

(D) 85, 76, 55, 32.

(A) 68, 03, 20, 55

(B) 79, 33, 42, 88

(C) 89, 13, 14, 76

Matrix-I

(D) 95, 40, 02, 87.

Matrix-II

I P

I P

R
I R

I
K

(C.B.I., 1996)
4. RISK
(A) 99, 66, 88, 98
5. STEP
(A) 12, 22, 14, 69

(B) 95, 12, 67, 98

(C) 59, 99, 21, 77

(D) 76, 21, 59, 89

(B) 12, 14, 96, 41

(C) 22, 41, 21, 96

(D) 41, 12, 14, 96.

Matrix-I
0

I O

1
2

I
I A

Matrix-II

I F

(S.S.C., 1996)
6. NEST
(A) 33, 85, 88, 86
(B) 21, 76, 77, 76
(C) 14, 67, 66, 67
(D) 02, 56, 55, 59.
7. FAITH
(A) 43, 42, 41, 78, 89 (B) 31, 34, 23, 76, 79
(C) 29, 31, 10, 59, 57
(D) 12, 20, 40, 68, 65.
8. FINE
(A) 31, 32, 33, 82
(B) 24, 19, 21, 78
(C) 00, 04, 02, 56
(D) 12, 10, 13, 67.
9. HEAT
(A) 79, 53, 20, 87
(B) 65, 56, 13, 57
(C) 29, 85, 34, 93
(D) 57, 56, 01, 59.
10. BOTH
(A) 88, 30, 85, 86
(B) 75, 22, 76, 79
(C) 69, 67, 68, 59
(D) 58, 02, 68, 56.
11. If sky is called sea, sea is called water, water is called air, air is called cloud and
cloud is called river, then what do we drink when thirsty? (Bank P.O., 1996) (A) sky (B) water (C)
air (D) sea (E) cloud
12. If air is called green, green is called blue, blue is called sky, sky is called yellow, yellow is
called water, and water is called pink, then what is the colour of clear sky?
(S.B.I.P.O., 1994)
(A) blue
(B)
sky
(C) yellow
(D) water
(E)
pink
13. If orange is called butter, butter is called soap, soap is called ink, ink is called honey and honey
is called orange, which of the following is used for washing clothes? (R.B.I. 1990)
(A) honey (B)
butter (C) orange
(D) soap (E)
ink

14. If white is called blue, blue is called red, red is called yellow, yellow is called green, green is
called black, black is called violet and violet is called orange, what should be the colour of human
blood?
(Bank P.O. 1994)
(A) red
(B)
green (C) yellow
(D) violet
(E)
orange
15. If cloud is white, white is called rain, rain is called green, green is called air, air is called
blue, and blue is called water, where will the birds fly?
(Bank P.O. 1991)
(A) air
(B)
cloud (C) white
(D) rain (E)
blue
16. If water is called blue, blue is called red, red is called white, white is called sky, sky is called
rain, rain is called green and green is called air, which of the following is the colour of milk?
(Bank P.O., 1994)
(A) air
(B)
green (C) white
(D) sky (E)
rain
17. If the animals which can walk are called swimmers, animals who crawl are called flying, those
living in water are called snakes and those which fly in the sky are called hunters, then what will a
lizard be called?
(Bank P.O. 1991)
(A) swimmers
(B)
snakes (C) flying
(D) hunters
(E)
none of these
18. In a certain code 256 means red colour chalk; 589 means green colour flower and 245 means
white colour chalk which digit is the code of white? (Bank P.O., 1991)
(A) 2
(B)
4
(C) 5
(D) 8 (E)
none of these
19. In a certain code 253 means books are old; 546 means man is old; and 378 means buy good
books, what stands for are in the code?
(S.B.I.P.O., 1990)
(A) 2
(B)
4
(C) 5
(D) 6 (E)
9
20. In a certain code language 3a, 2b, 7c means Truth is Eternal; 7c, 9a, 8b, 3a means Enmity is not
Eternal; and 9a, 4d, 2b, 8b means ~Truth does not perish, which of the following means
enmity in that language?
(S.B.I.P.O., 1991)
(A) 3a
(B)
7c
(C) 8b (D) 9a (E)
None of these
21. In a certain code 256 means you are good, 637 means we are bad, and 358 means good and
bad, which of the following represents and in the code? (Railway, 1994)
(A) 8
(B)
2
(C) 3
(D) 5 (E)
None of these
22. In a certain code language 743 means mangoes are good; 657 means eat good food, and 934
means mangoes are ripe, which digit means ripe in that language?
(Hotel Management, 1992)
(A) 4
(B)
5
(C) 7
(D) 9
23. In a certain code, 247 means spread red carpet, 256 means dust one carpet; and 264 means one
red carpet, which digit in that code means dust? (R.B.I., 1990)
(A) 2
(B)
3
(C) 5
(D) 6 (E)
Cant say
Directions for Questions 24-25:
Each question is based on the following codes. Study the codes and answer the following questions. I. 134
means you are well.
II. 758 means they go home.
III. 839 means we are home.
(Bank P.O. 1994)
24. Which of the following represents they in that code language?
(A) 5
(B)
7
(C) 3
(D) 8 (E)
Data inadequate
25. Which of the statements can be dispensed with while answering the above question?
(A) I only (B)
II only (C) I & II only (D) II & III only (E)
None of these

26. In a certain code language col tip mot means singing is appreciable; mot baj min means dancing
is good and tip nop baj means singing and dancing, which of the following means
good in the code language?
(Nabard, 1994)
(A) mot
(B)
min
(C) baj (D) cant determined
(E) None of these.
27. If nitco Sco tingo stands for softer than flower; tingo rho mst stands for sweat flower' fragrance
and mst sco, tmp stands for sweet than smile, what would fragrance stands for?
(A) tmp
(B)
mst
(C) rho (D) sco.
(Central Excise, 1989)
For Questions 28-29:
In a certain code language.
I. Pic ric nic mean winter is cold. II. to
nic re means summer is hot.
III. re pic boo means winter and summer.
IV. ric tho pa means nights are cold.
(Bank P.O. 1994).
28. Which word in that language means summer?
(A) nic
(B)
to
(C) pie (D) re
29. Whith of the given statements is superfluous?
(A) only I (B)
only IV (C) Both I and IV (D) Neither I nor IV
30. In a certain language Oka Peru means fine cloth; meta lisa means clear water; and dona lisa Peru
means fine clear weather, which word in that language means weather?
(U.T.I. 1990).
(A) dona (B)
oka
(C) meta(D) Peru.
Answers and Explanations:
1. (D)
10, 85, 79, 24. From matrix I, C can be coded as 04, 10, 21, 31 and 44.
From matrix II, O can be coded as 57, 69, 78, 85 and 96.
From matrix II, L can be coded as 56, 68, 79, 89 and 95.
From matrix I, D can be coded as 00, 11, 24, 32 and 41. Clearly
only (D) contains all the correct codes.
2. (A)
55, 96, 67, 11. From matrix II, P can be coded as 55, 66, 75, 88 and 97.
From matrix II, O can be coded as 57, 69, 78, 85 and 96.
From matrix II, N can be coded as 59, 67, 76, 86 and 98.
From matrix I, D can be coded as 00, 11, 24, 32 and 41. Clearly
only (A) contains all the correct codes.
3. (B)
79, 33, 42, 88. From matrix II, L can be coded as 56, 68, 79, 89 and 95. From
matrix I, E can be coded as 03, 14, 22, 33 and 40.
From matrix I, A can be coded as 02, 13, 23, 34 and 42.
From matrix II, P can be coded as 55, 66, 75, 88 and 97. Clearly only
(B) contains all the correct codes.
4. (C)
59, 99, 21, 77. From matrix II, R can be coded as 59, 66, 76, 86 and 95. From
matrix II, I can be coded as 55, 67, 75, 87 and 99.
From matrix I, S can be coded as 04, 12, 21, 34 and 40.
From matrix II, K can be coded as 58, 65, 77, 85 and 96. Clearly
only (C) contains all the correct codes.

5.

(A)

12, 22, 14, 69. From matrix I, S can be coded as 04, 12, 21, 34 and 40.
From matrix I, T can be coded as 03, 11, 22, 30 and 41.
From matrix I, E can be coded as 00, 14, 20, 33 and 43.
From matrix II, P can be coded as 56, 69, 79, 88 and 98.
Clearly only (A) contains all the correct codes.

6.

(D)

7.

(B)

8.

(C)

9.

(D)

10.

(B)

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

(C)
(B)
(E)
(C)
(E)
(D)
(C)
(B)

19.

(A)

20.

(C)

02, 56, 55, 59. From matrix I, N can be coded as 02, 14, 21, 33 and 40.
From matrix II, E can be coded as 56, 67, 78, 85 and 97. From
matrix II, S can be coded as 55, 66, 77, 89 and 96.
From matrix II, T can be coded as 59, 68, 76, 87 and 95.
Clearly only (D) contains all the correct codes.
31, 34, 23, 76, 79. From matrix I, F can be coded as 00, 12, 24, 31 and 43.
From matrix I, A can be coded as 01, 13, 20, 34 and 42.
From matrix I, I can be coded as 04, 10, 23, 32 and 41.
From matrix II, T can be coded as 59, 68, 76, 87 and 95.
From matrix II, H can be coded as 57, 65, 79, 86 and 98.
Clearly only (B) contains all the correct codes.
00, 04, 02, 56. From matrix I, F can be coded as 00, 12, 24, 31 and 43.
From matrix I, I can be coded as 04, 10, 23, 32 and 41.
From matrix I, N can be coded as 02, 14, 21, 33 and 40.
From matrix II, E can be coded as 56, 67, 78, 85 and 97.
Clearly all the correct codes are present in (C).
57, 56, 01, 59. From matrix II, H can be coded as 57, 65, 79, 86 and 98.
From matrix II, E can be coded as 56, 67, 78, 85 and 97. From
matrix I, A can be coded as 01, 13, 20, 34 and 42.
From matrix II, T can be coded as 59, 68, 76, 87 and 95.
Clearly only (D) contains all the correct codes.
75, 22, 76, 79. From matrix II, B can be coded as 58, 69, 75, 88 and 99. From
matrix I, O can be coded as 03, 11, 22, 30 and 44.
From matrix II, T can be coded as 59, 68, 76, 87 and 95.
From matrix II, H can be coded as 57, 65, 79, 86 and 98.
Clearly only (B) contains all the correct codes.
air. We drink water when thirsty, here water is called air, hence (C).
sky. Colour of clean sky is blue, but blue is called sky here, hence (B).
Ink. Soap is used for washing cloths, but soap is Ink here, hence (E).
Yellow. Colour of human blood is red, but red is called yellow here, hence (C).
blue. Birds fly in the air, but here air is blue, hence (E).
sky. Colour of milk is white, but here white is called sky, hence (D).
flying. Lizard usually crawls, but her crawl means flying, hence (C).
4. In the 1st, 2nd and 3rd statements common code digit is 5 and the common word is colour,
so 5 means colour. In the 1st and 3rd statements other common digit is 2 and common word
is chalk so 2 means chalk. So the remaining digit in 3rd statement is 4 which should mean
white.
2. In the statements I and II the common digit is 5 and common word is old. So, 5 means
old. In 1st and 3rd statements common digit is 3 and common word is books, so 3 means
books. So only digit left in the 1st statement is 2 which means are.
8b. In the 1st and 2nd statements common codes are 3a and 7c and common words are is and
Eternal. In the 2nd and 3rd statements common code is 9a and common word
is not. So, 9a means not. So, in the 2nd statement only uncommon code left is 8b, which
must mean enmity.

21.

(A)

22.

(D)

23.

(C)

24.

(E)

25.
26.

(A)
(B)

27.

(C)

28.

(D)

29.
30.

(C)
(A)

8. In 1st and 3rd statements the common digit is 5 and common word is good. In 2nd and
3rd statements common digit is 3 and common word is bad. So, only digit left in the 3rd
statement is 8 which must mean and.
9. In the 1st and 3rd statements common digits are 3 and 4 and common words are
mangoes and are. So, only digit left in the 3rd statement is 9 which must mean ripe.
5. In 1st, 2nd and 3rd statements common code is 2 and common word is carpet. In 2nd and
3rd statements common code is 6 and common word is one. So only digit left in the 2nd
statement is 5 which must mean dust.
Data inadequate. In the 2nd and 3rd statements only common digit is 8 and common word is
home. But there is no other common digit or word between the statements.
I only. Clearly statement I is not necessary in answering the question no. 24.
min. In 1st and 2nd statements common code is mot, and common word is is. So, mot
means is.
The common code between 2nd and 3rd statements is baj and common word is dancing. So
only uncommon code left in statement-2 is min, which must means good.
rho. In the 1st and 2nd statements the common code is tingo and common word is flower.
The common code between 2nd and 3rd statements is mst, and common word is sweet. So,
only uncommon code in statement 2 is rho, which must means fragrance.
re. In statements II and III. Common code is re and common word is summer. So, re
means summer.
Both I and IV clearly, both statements I and IV are superfluous.
dona. In the 1st and 3rd statements, the common code word is Peru and the common word is
fine. So, Peru means fine.
In 2nd and 3rd statements the common code is lisa and common word is clear, so lisa
means clear. So only code left in the 3rd statements is dona which must mean weather.