Type VS1 and VS6 Vertical Turbine Pumps Wet Pit and Double Casing

Type VS1 and VS6 Vertical Turbine Pumps
Wet Pit and Double Casing
Marc Buckler
Flowserve Corporation
Calgary Pump Symposium 2013
Marc Buckler
Product Manager - Vertical Pumps

Flowserve Corporation
Taneytown, MD, USA
Topics
Configurations & Construction
Pump Features
Design & Analysis
Sump Design
Configurations
&
Construction
Engineered Flexibility
Open or Enclosed
Lineshaft Construction
OR
Open Product
Lubrication
Enclosed Oil
Lubrication
Discharge Head Configurations

Cast Discharge Head
Fabricated Discharge Head
OR
Suction & Discharge

Configurations
Above Ground
Suction
Below Ground
Suction
Above Ground
Discharge
Below Ground
Discharge
Impeller Constructions
Maintains efficiency by close running

clearances between lower shroud and bowl
Enclosed Impeller
Provides an increase in efficiency over

enclosed impellers
More suitable for services with solids
Limited in number of stages
Semi-Open Impeller
Impeller Constructions
Semi-Open
Enclosed
Impeller Mounting
Configurations
Provides interference fit between bowl
shaft and impeller
Colleted Impeller
Positively locked to shaft
Stainless steel slotted keys prevent
radial movement
Stainless steel split ring keys prevent
axial movement
Commonly used for extreme
temperature applications
Keyed Impeller
Wear Ring Construction
Available on enclosed impellers

and most bowls
Installed with interference fit

Roll pins positively lock the rings
in place
O-Ring Construction
Provides a positive seal of all

flanged joints
Located at rabbet fits on bowl

and column joints
Also included at discharge head
to suction can fit
Sealing Configurations
Various Mechanical Seals

Single, dual, split seals
Balanced or unbalanced
Piping plan 13 minimum
Stuffing Box (Packed Box)

Low, high, extra high packed
boxes
Plan 13 required for 100 psi
or greater
Driver Configurations
Motors, Solid or Hollow Shaft

Variable Frequency Drives
Engines with Right Angle Gear

Drives
Steam Turbines
Question:
I have an application where the
pumping liquid is municipal water.
What pump configuration do I select?
Answer:
Consider a Wet-Pit VS1
with Product Lubrication
VS1
Standard Features
Product Lubrication
VTP Standard Features

Open-Product Lubrication
Basket Strainer (Optional)

Prevents unwanted debris from entering pump
Design exceeds HI standards
Bell Bearing
Provides maximum shaft support
Permanently grease lubricated for reliability
Suction Bell
Provides efficient flow into eye of first stage
impeller
Sand Collar
Prevents grit from entering into bell bearing
Wear Rings (Optional)

Renews clearances and efficiency

Lock Collet
Impellers - Enclosed & Semi-Open
Designed for maximum coverage of all applications
Bowl Bearings
Provides interference fit to hold impeller to bowl shaft
High length to diameter ratio on both sides of the

impeller to provide rigid support for the bowl shaft
Discharge Case or Bowl/Column Adapter
Hydraulic adapter ensures efficient transfer of flow to

various column sizes

Open Lineshaft Construction

Allows lineshaft bearings to be lubricated by pumped
liquid
Bearing Bracket with Rubber Lineshaft Bearings

Fits integrally between column sections to maintain
alignment
Spaced to provide adequate shaft support
Column Pipe
Available threaded as shown to minimize well casing
diameter

Discharge Head
ASME 125# or 250# flat face flange
Provides smooth transition of pumped liquid to

discharge piping
Functions as mounting base for driver
Pre-lubrication Connection
High Pressure Stuffing Box
Allows external lubrication for deep set pumps

Allows working pressures up to 20 bar (300 psi)
Vertical Hollow Shaft Motor
Extends head shaft through the motor
Provides impeller adjustment with an adjusting

nut at the top of the motor
Question:
What if my pumping liquid contains
some abrasives?
Answer:
Consider a Wet-Pit VS1
with Enclosed Lineshaft /
Oil Lubrication
VTP
Standard Features
Enclosed Lineshaft
Oil Lubrication

Enclosed-Oil Lubrication
Tension Bearing Assembly with Oil

Tank
Holds the enclosing tube and lineshaft
bearings in alignment
Provides a chamber for the lubricant to
as it enters the enclosing tube
Oil tank provided with shut off valve,
sight feed regulator and lubrications lines

Enclosing Tube Stabilizer

Maintains rigidity and alignment of the
enclosing tube
Enclosing Tube
Provides protection from the pumped liquid
Used with metal lineshaft bearings

Discharge Case with Bypass Port

Allows positive flow of the lubricant
into the enclosing tube to lubricate
lineshaft bearings
Optional Standard Features

Enclosed Lubrication
Fresh Water Injection Lubrication

Uses injection assembly with packing in lieu of tube tension assembly
Flush Line to Suction Bearing (up to 20 feet)

Provides fresh water flush to bowl bearings
Rifle Drilled Pump Shaft

Provides fresh water flush to bowl bearings
Question:
What if my application has limited
NPSH available?
Answer:
Consider a Double Casing VS6
Standard Features
Non-API VS6 Pump
VPC Standard Features

Non-API Can Pump
Solid Shaft Motor with Thrust Bearing

Shaft extension allows motor to be coupled to pump
Includes thrust bearing to withstand the total
hydraulic thrust as well as the rotor weight
Motor Alignment
Precision rabbet fit aids in the alignment of the
motor to the pump shaft
Pumps with larger motors are supplied with motor
alignment screws
OSHA Non-Spark Coupling Guards

Provides safety while allowing visual inspection of
the coupling without guard removal

Non-API Can Pump
Fabricated Discharge Head

Fabricated with ANSI 150# or 300# slip-on flanges
Functions as a mounting base for driver

0.50 NPT discharge pressure gauge, suction vent,
and drain taps
Lifting Lugs
Permits economical two point lifting method of
pump during installation and maintenance
Rigid, Adjustable Flanged Coupling

Provides the proper impeller clearance adjustment
A spacer coupling allows access to the mechanical
seal without removing the motor
High Pressure Seal Chamber

Accommodates low, high and extra high packed
boxes or mechanical seal arrangements

Non-API Can Pump
Fabricated Suction Can

Creates optimum hydraulic conditions through the
suction flange inlet into the suction bell
Threaded or Keyed Lineshaft Couplings

Positively locks sections of lineshaft together

Allows lineshaft bearings to be lubricated by the
pumped fluid
Flanged Column Assembly

Utilizes precision rabbet fits to ensure proper
alignment of each section
Provides transition from bowl assembly to discharge

Non-API Can Pump
Bearing Retainers with Bearings

Provides shaft support in column assembly
Retainers are spaced between column sections
Pumps with larger column sizes ( >16) are supplied
with integral retainers
Enclosed or Semi-Open Impellers

Cast to provide smooth passageways for more
efficient fluid flow
First stage impeller available with low NPSH design
Colleted or Keyed Impellers

Provides method of fasting impeller to shaft with an
interference fit or a positive locking design
Question:
What if my application has limited
NPSH available and compliance to
API specifications are required?
Answer:
Consider a Double
Casing API VS6 Pump
Standard Features
API VS6 Pump

API Can Pump
Motor Alignment Screws

Provided for use with motors over 500 pounds
Aids in the alignment of the motor to the pump
shaft
Solid Shaft Motor with Thrust Bearing

Motor shaft runout of 0.001 inch total indicated
runout (TIR) contributes to the low vibration and
overall pump and motor rotor balance
Precision, Rigid Adjustable Spacer

Coupling
Provides easy rotor lift adjustments for renewing
critical impeller clearances and pump efficiency
Allows seal removal without disturbing the motor

API Can Pump
Cartridge Mechanical Seal with Plan 13

Seal chamber is suitable for single or dual seals
Plan 13 provides continuous seal chamber venting
Seal Chamber with Jackscrews

Used to separate mating parts easily during disassembly
Weld Neck Flanges

Used for suction and discharge connections
Increase maximum allowable working pressure
Provide higher nozzle loading capabilities then threaded
or slip-on welded flanges
Flanged Vent Connection (Not Shown)

Allows pump to be vented upon initial operation
Can be pressurized to purge liquid from suction can
when a suction can drain is supplied

API Can Pump
Lineshaft Bearing Spacing

Optimized to ensure long bearing life, low
vibration and increased mechanical
seal life
Separate Sole Plate (Optional)

Allows removal of suction can without
disturbing the foundation
Internal Suction Can Drain (Optional)

Allows the suction can to be drained of
pumping liquid prior to removing the pump
Studs & Nuts

Prevent thread damage common with
capscrew removal

API Can Pump
One Piece Shaft

Eliminates threaded shaft couplings which cause
increased shaft runout, higher vibration and
weaker joints
Available up to 6 m (20 ft)

Keyed Impellers
Key and split-ring design positively locks the
impeller to the shaft, eliminating undesired
movement
O-Ring Construction
Provides a positive seal of all flanged joints
Located at rabbet fits on bowl and column joints
Also included at discharge head to suction can fit

API Can Pump
Pressure Casing
Consists of suction can and discharge head
Designed to ASME standards
Able to withstand APIs specified corrosion
allowances
Dynamically Balanced Impellers

Enclosed impellers balanced to ISO 1940-1
Gr G2.5
Bowl & Impeller Wear Rings

Provide a quick and easy way to renew
clearances and pump efficiency
Roll pins positively lock the rings in place
Impeller wear rings are integral as standard
Pump Intake
Design
Hydraulic Institute Standards

Section 9.8
Provides guidelines for
Sump design
Model studies
Remedial measures
Sump Design
Recommended design
Intake Model Study

Model study recommended for:
Single pump with flow > 40,000 gpm
Total station flow > 100,000 gpm
Acceptance Criteria
No organized free surface and/or subsurface
vortices should enter the pump
Pre-swirl limited to 5 from the axial direction
Velocity fluctuations at the impeller less
than 10%
Time averaged velocities within +/- 10% of
the mean velocity (Turbulence)
Model Pump
Baseline Test
Sidewall Vortex
Surface Vortex
Floor Vortex
Remedial Measures
Modifications at entrance to pump bay
Modifications in pump bay
Curtain Wall
Grating
Baffles
Fillet
Splitter
Remedial Measures
Vane grating baskets
Final Testing
Flow along floor with modifications
Flow streamlines entering pump

Flow streamline along sidewall fillet
Suction Can Design

Guidelines for:
Can length
Suction flange location
Flow vanes
Can diameter
Summary
Potential problems identified and corrected using physical modeling
The approach of using HI Standards with physical modeling provides the
best chance for success
The approach minimizes performance problems, O&M costs, and outages
Pump Analysis
RotoDynamic Analysis
Includes:
Torsional
Lateral
Structural Analysis
Includes:
Reed Critical Frequency (RCF)
Above Ground
Below Ground
Nozzle Load Calculations

Foundation Load Calculations
Seismic Calculations
Anchor Bolt Calculations
Lifting Lug Calculations
Thermal Analysis
Elongation and stresses

Temperature gradient
Pump Analysis
Reed Critical Frequency Analysis
Why is it done?
Determine the natural frequency of the combined motor & pump system
Prevent excessive vibration
Pump Analysis
Design Standards
When is it required?
All VFD applications
To meet Hydraulic Institute and API 610 vibration limits
Motors > 260 kW (350 HP)
Design speeds 900 rpm
Design speed 3000 rpm AND > 7.5 m (25 ft)
Customer request
Inputs required
Motor Outline Drawing, Weight
Motor RCF (+/- 10%), CoG
Foundation stiffness / spring rates
Discharge head size
Discharge head type (TF, HF, etc)
Pressure rating (wall thickness, etc)
Required Modifications
Discharge head wall thickness
Ribs/gussets
Customer foundation
Possible lockout speed range
Pump Analysis
Design Standards
Operating Speed Range
From a hydraulic standpoint, 30% of the operating speed can be

considered a reasonable operating speed range
Greater than 30% should allow for lockout speeds
The predicted lockout speed will be defined in a +/-20% range; however, the
actual lockout typically only requires a +/-5% speed range to be avoided.
Need to avoid sub-synchronous whirl (below ground instability)

Typically 30%-50% of maximum design speed
Critical for pumps with hard bearings
Need to avoid second critical frequency
Issues typically occur on high speed pumps with TF style discharge heads
Separation Margin
Minimum of separation factor above and below the running speed range is
standard for the reed critical analysis
+/- 20% separation for speeds 1200 rpm and greater
+25% / -20% separation for speeds 900 rpm and less
This is not a guaranteed factor or operating speed range
Pump Analysis
Flexible System (With Lockout Speeds)
Predicted
RCF Range
Actual
Blockout
Range
Speed
Pump Analysis
Flexible System (No Lockout Speeds)
Predicted
RCF Range
Actual
Blockout
Range
Speed
Pump Analysis
Rigid System
Predicted
RCF Range
Actual
Blockout
Range
Speed
Pump Analysis
Design Factors
System frequency varies by:

Motor manufacturer
Base Diameter
Frame Size
Weight
Center of Gravity
Reed Critical Frequency
Pump Analysis
Cases To Avoid
Cast Heads have limited use for VFD applications.
Cast heads always have a system natural frequency below the
operating speed (flexible system)
Better for higher RPM applications (1800-3600rpm)
Not much can be done to stiffen the system
100% of Operating Speed Range

Must have system natural frequency higher than the operating speed
(rigid system)
Requires proper selection of the motor to even be physically possible
Pump Analysis
Special Case
A standard RCF analysis

is only on the above
ground portion
Below ground analysis

performed only on special
case basis
Ex. Can pump, 35
long, small pump size
Pump Analysis
Why is it done?
Limit deflection at the stuffing box
Reduce stresses in the discharge head
Pump Analysis
Inputs Required:
Pump loading
Foundation design
Motor weight
Customer imposed loads
If the imposed reaction forces or
moments exceed the allowable load
When nozzle position differs from
standard (PRM)
Customer request
Required Modifications:
Add ribs to the discharge head
Thicken the discharge head riser
NOTES:
More difficult to obtain higher loads on

TF style heads vs HF heads.
Discharges heads with 3-piece elbow
design.
Pumps in a flexible system
Pump Analysis
Why is it done?
Determines load imparted on
foundation.
Allows proper sizing of anchor bolts,
foundation, etc.
Pump Analysis
Inputs required
Pump and motor weight
Nozzle loads
Pumpage weight
Optional inputs
Start-up and locked rotor torque
Unrestrained piping
Motor imbalance
Other
Required modifications
N/A For reference only
Customer request
Pump Analysis
Seismic Calculations
Why is it done?
System anchorage is designed to
withstand a seismic event
Inputs required
Foundation loading (optional)
Specific design code (IBC is
standard)
Site seismic data
Anchor bolt size or quantity
Foundation (size, embedment,
strength)
Customer request
Example per IBC

Analyzed in X, Y, & Z directions
Pump Analysis
Anchor Bolt
Why is it done?
System anchorage is designed to
withstand operating loads
Inputs required
Pump and motor weight
Nozzle loads
Pumpage weight
Anchor bolt size or quantity
Foundation (size, embedment,
strength)
Customer request
When anchor bolts are supplied by
Flowserve
Example per ACI

(American Concrete Institute)
Pump Analysis
Lifting Lug
Why is it done?
To ensure the pump can be safely lifted using
the provisions provided
Inputs required
Pump weight
Discharge head style
Pump components (column size, etc)
Intended installation method (fully assembled,
components, etc)
Lug redesign
Discharge head wall thickness
If Flowserve standards are exceeded
Weight and diameter dependent
Customer request
Pump Analysis
Torsional Analysis
Why is it done?
Reduce induced torques and stresses
Prevent fatigue
Inputs required
Motor inertia & stiffness
Shaft material change
Increase shaft size
Modify speed range
Customer request
When required by API 610
Pump Analysis
Lateral Analysis (Critical Speed)
Why is it done?
Prevent displacement
Minimize vibration
Inputs required
Only pump data
Modify speed range
Change bearing material or
spacing
Flowserve standard
Optional analysis method
using FEA per customer
request.
Pump Analysis
Reed Critical Frequency vs Critical Speed
Critical Speed Analysis
Structural Analysis
Determines system frequency
based on combination of pump,
motor and foundation data.
Both above and below ground
frequencies exist
Rotodynamic Analysis
Determines bearing spacing
Inputs from pump only
No impact from motor or
foundation
Pump Analysis
Thermal Analysis
Why is it done?
Predict temperature gradient
Determine pump growth rates and
total elongation
Inputs required
Ambient conditions
Vendor temperature limits (motor,
coupling, etc)
Cooling provisions
Operational conditions (temperature
cycles)
Custom design per application
Applications > 260 C (500 F)
Customer request

Type VS1 and VS6 Vertical Turbine Pumps Wet Pit and Double Casing

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Type VS1 and VS6 Vertical Turbine Pumps

Wet Pit and Double Casing

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Product Manager - Vertical Pumps

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Discharge Head Configurations

Fabricated Discharge Head

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Suction & Discharge

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Maintains efficiency by close running

Provides an increase in efficiency over

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Wear Ring Construction

Available on enclosed impellers

Installed with interference fit

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Provides a positive seal of all

Located at rabbet fits on bowl

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Various Mechanical Seals

Piping plan 13 minimum

Stuffing Box (Packed Box)

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Motors, Solid or Hollow Shaft

Engines with Right Angle Gear

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

VTP Standard Features

Basket Strainer (Optional)

Wear Rings (Optional)

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

VTP Standard Features

Impellers - Enclosed & Semi-Open

Designed for maximum coverage of all applications

Provides interference fit to hold impeller to bowl shaft

High length to diameter ratio on both sides of the

Discharge Case or Bowl/Column Adapter

Hydraulic adapter ensures efficient transfer of flow to

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

VTP Standard Features

Open Lineshaft Construction

Bearing Bracket with Rubber Lineshaft Bearings

Calgary Pump Symposium 2013

VTP Standard Features

ASME 125# or 250# flat face flange

Provides smooth transition of pumped liquid to

Functions as mounting base for driver

High Pressure Stuffing Box

Allows external lubrication for deep set pumps

Vertical Hollow Shaft Motor

Extends head shaft through the motor