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    Capacitor Input Filter

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    Agbarakwe Ikechukwu
    A capacitor-input filter, also called a pi filter, uses a pair of capacitors and an inductor to filter unwanted frequencies from a signal. It works by using the capacitor to pass the direct current while blocking alternating current, and using the inductor to do the opposite by blocking direct current while allowing alternating current. This removes ripples from the output. A typical pi filter consists of a reservoir capacitor connected to the rectifier output, a series inductor, and a smoothing capacitor connected across the load. It provides clean direct current output but inductors can be heavy, making voltage regulators often a preferred alternative.

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    Capacitor Input Filter

    Uploaded by

    Agbarakwe Ikechukwu
    1K views2 pages
    A capacitor-input filter, also called a pi filter, uses a pair of capacitors and an inductor to filter unwanted frequencies from a signal. It works by using the capacitor to pass the direct current while blocking alternating current, and using the inductor to do the opposite by blocking direct current while allowing alternating current. This removes ripples from the output. A typical pi filter consists of a reservoir capacitor connected to the rectifier output, a series inductor, and a smoothing capacitor connected across the load. It provides clean direct current output but inductors can be heavy, making voltage regulators often a preferred alternative.

    Original Description:

    Using Capacitors as Low-pass filters in electrical power supply.

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    A capacitor-input filter, also called a pi filter, uses a pair of capacitors and an inductor to filter unwanted frequencies from a signal. It works by using the capacitor to pass the direct current while blocking alternating current, and using the inductor to do the opposite by blocking direct current while allowing alternating current. This removes ripples from the output. A typical pi filter consists of a reservoir capacitor connected to the rectifier output, a series inductor, and a smoothing capacitor connected across the load. It provides clean direct current output but inductors can be heavy, making voltage regulators often a preferred alternative.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views2 pages

    Capacitor Input Filter

    Uploaded by

    Agbarakwe Ikechukwu
    A capacitor-input filter, also called a pi filter, uses a pair of capacitors and an inductor to filter unwanted frequencies from a signal. It works by using the capacitor to pass the direct current while blocking alternating current, and using the inductor to do the opposite by blocking direct current while allowing alternating current. This removes ripples from the output. A typical pi filter consists of a reservoir capacitor connected to the rectifier output, a series inductor, and a smoothing capacitor connected across the load. It provides clean direct current output but inductors can be heavy, making voltage regulators often a preferred alternative.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that a capacitor-input filter, also called a pi filter, is used to remove unwanted frequencies from a signal and consists of capacitors, an inductor, and a load.

    A capacitor-input filter works in three steps: 1) The input capacitor C1 blocks DC but allows AC, 2) The inductor L blocks AC but allows DC, and 3) The output capacitor C2 blocks any remaining AC.

    Advantages are more output voltage and a ripple-free output. Disadvantages are large size, heavy components, and high cost.

    Capacitor-input lter

    The capacitor-input lter, also called the pi lter due


    to its shape that looks like the Greek letter , is a type
    of electronic lter. Filter circuits are used to remove unwanted or undesired frequencies from a signal.

    reservoir and smoothing capacitors of 2200 microfarads


    are used, a suitable minimum value for the inductor would
    be that which resonates 2200 microfarads (F) to 10 Hz,
    i.e. 115 mH. A larger value is preferable provided the
    inductor can carry the required supply current.
    In general, the relationship between the resonant frequency, which should be less than or equal to one tenth
    of the minimum AC frequency, in this case 100 Hz, the
    capacitance, and the inductance can be characterized by
    the following resonance equation: f0 = 21LC .

    A simple pi lter, containing a pair of capacitors, an inductor,


    and a load.

    2 Comparison with other lters

    A typical capacitor input lter consists of a lter or reservoir capacitor C1, connected across the rectier output,
    an inductor L, in series and another lter or smoothing
    capacitor, C2, connected across the load, RL. A lter of
    this sort is designed for use at a particular frequency, generally xed by the AC line frequency and rectier conguration. When used in this service, lter performance is
    often characterized by its regulation and ripple.

    Capacitor input lters can provide extremely pure DC


    supplies, but have fallen out of favour because inductors
    tend to be unavoidably heavy, which has led to the oftenpreferred choice of voltage regulators instead.
    Advantages of pi lters:
    More output voltage
    Ripple-free output

    Operation

    Disadvantages of pi lters:

    The capacitor-input lter operates in three steps:

    Large size
    Heavy

    1. The capacitor C1 oers low reactance to the AC


    component of the rectier output while it oers innite resistance to the DC component. As a result
    the capacitor shunts an appreciable amount of the
    AC component while the DC component continues
    its journey to the inductor L.

    High cost

    3 References

    2. The inductor L oers high reactance to the AC component but it oers almost zero resistance to the DC 4 See also
    component. As a result the DC component ows
    through the inductor while the AC component is
    Electronic lter topology - contains a general denition of
    blocked.
    a pi section lter topology, of which this is an example.
    3. The capacitor C2 shunts the AC component which
    the inductor had failed to block. As a result only the
    DC component appears across the load RL.
    The component value for the inductor can be estimated as
    an inductance that resonates the smoothing capacitor(s) at
    or below one tenth of the minimum AC frequency in the
    power supplied to the lter (100 Hz from a full-wave rectier in a region where the power supply is 50Hz). Thus if
    1

    5 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

    Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

    5.1

    Text

    Capacitor-input lter Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor-input_filter?oldid=700574696 Contributors: Charles Matthews,


    Robbot, AJim, Icairns, Hooperbloob, DV8 2XL, Joriki, SeventyThree, Gaius Cornelius, Xapxivos, SmackBot, Rdarlington, Steve carlson, JL-Bot, Addbot, Redheylin, Matj Grabovsk, Gongshow, Gargan26, Materialscientist, Armstrong1113149, Erik9bot, EmausBot,
    Historikeren, Cqdx, Singerng, Twall10107 and Anonymous: 14

    5.2

    Images

    File:Capacitor_input_filter.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Capacitor_input_filter.svg License:


    Public domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: Gargan
    File:Question_book-new.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/99/Question_book-new.svg License: Cc-by-sa-3.0
    Contributors:
    Created from scratch in Adobe Illustrator. Based on Image:Question book.png created by User:Equazcion Original artist:
    Tkgd2007

    5.3

    Content license

    Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0

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