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Harmonic Source Modeling

This document discusses harmonic source modeling. It explains that harmonics are traditionally represented by current injection sources, with values determined by measurement or assumed to be inversely proportional to harmonic number if measurements are unavailable. It then provides an example of analyzing a system consisting of a diode rectifier load fed from a transformer, to determine harmonic currents and voltages up to the 23rd order. The example gives equations used and shows the calculated magnitudes of harmonic currents through each component and voltages at the bus and source.

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Eyad A. Feilat
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177 views11 pages

Harmonic Source Modeling

This document discusses harmonic source modeling. It explains that harmonics are traditionally represented by current injection sources, with values determined by measurement or assumed to be inversely proportional to harmonic number if measurements are unavailable. It then provides an example of analyzing a system consisting of a diode rectifier load fed from a transformer, to determine harmonic currents and voltages up to the 23rd order. The example gives equations used and shows the calculated magnitudes of harmonic currents through each component and voltages at the bus and source.

Uploaded by

Eyad A. Feilat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Harmonic Source Modeling

Vh

Vs

Zs

ZL

Ih

Harmonic Source Modeling

Traditionally, harmonic sources were represented by current injection


source.

Values of injected current should be determined by measurement.

In the absence of measurements it is common to assume that the


harmonic content is inversely proportional to the harmonic number.

I1
Ih
h

Representing a nonlinear load with a harmonic current source

Harmonic Source Modeling


Typical values for analysis of several types of devices.

Computer Tools for Harmonics Analysis

An estimate of the voltage distortion due to the current Ih. The

voltages Vh are given by

where =2 (hf1)

R j L
I h
Vh
2
1 LC jRC

h =2, 3, 4,
f1 =fundamental frequency of power system
3

Example Tutorial 3
A Diode rectifier drives a quasi-square current of 10 A (peak
value) from a three-phase 11 kV, 50 Hz busbar feeder to a
factory. The load is a star-connected inductive load with RL=
180 Ohm, LL= 0.3 H. A star-connected capacitance of 1.75 F
is used for power factor correction at the same bus. The 11 kV
busbars are fed from an 132 kV/11 kV, 800 kVA transformer
having an equivalent impedance of ZT =0.01 + j 0.06 pu. The
short circuit impedance of 132 kV system ZS = 0.005 + j 0.02
pu.
Sketch the diagram of the system and determine the harmonic
current and voltage levels up to 23rd order harmonic.
4

Example
132 kV

G
Zs=0.005+ j0.02 pu

11 kV

0.8 MVA
ZT=0.01+ j0.06 pu

ID

RL=180
C=1.75 F
LL=0.3 H

Example
Inspection of the waveform shows that
there are no cosine terms, no even
harmonics, and that there is quarter-wave
symmetry
4 2
4I
n
bn I sin( nt )
cos
n
6
6

The series is

sin(5t ) sin(7t ) sin(11t ) sin(13t )

sin(
t
)

4

13
5
7
11
i (t ) cos I

sin(
17
t
)
sin(
19
t
)

17
19

The value for each harmonic is: I n

7.8
4 3
A
10
n 2
n

I1=7.8 A, I5=1.56 A, I7=1.11 A, I11=0.709 A, I13=0.600 A, I17=0.459 A, I19=0.410 A.


6

Example
Harmonic Source Representation

Example
Base of 800 kVA, relating the per unit values to 11 kV The Base Impedance
Z base 11kV

2
VLLbase
112

151.25
MVAbase 0.8

Transformer Impedance @ 50Hz


Z T RT jX T Z Tpu Z base (0.01 j 0.06) pu 151.25 1.5125 j 9.075
RT 1.5125 and X T 9.075

System Impedance @ 50Hz


Z S RS jX S Z Spu Z base (0.005 j 0.02) pu 151.25 0.75625 j 3.025
RS 0.75625 and X S 3.025

Load Reactance @ 50Hz X L L 2fL 2 50 0.3 94.25


Capacitive Reactance @ 50Hz X C

1
1
1

j1819
-6
C 2fC 2 50 1.75 10
9

Example
For 5th harmonic values, frequency=250Hz, n=5, IR=1.56 A.
IC

Z2Z3
Z2Z3
IR
1.56 0.2735175.2 A
Z 2 Z 3 Z1 Z 3 Z1 Z 2
Z 2 Z 3 Z1 Z 3 Z1 Z 2

I L 0.197316.1 A

I S 1.6443 2.7 A
VB I C

Xc
0.2735 363.5 99.5V
5

VS 1.6443 (0.75625) 2 (3.025 5) 2 132 / 11 298.8V


9

Example
Magnitudes of Harmonic Currents and Voltages
Up to the 23rd Harmonic
n

11

13

17

19

23

f (Hz)

50

250

350

550

650

850

950

1150

IR (A)

7.80

1.56

1.11

0.71

0.6

0.46

0.41

0.34

IC (A)

3.49

0.27

0.46

1.77

22.3

1.11

0.77

0.50

IL (A)

31.26

0.20

0.17

0.28

2.52

0.07

0.04

0.02

IS (A)

37.16

1.64

1.40

2.20

19.83

0.58

0.32

0.14

VB (V)

6351

99

119

293

3120

118

74

39

VS (V)

78189

299

356

880

9360

355

222

118
10

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