BW Operations
BW Operations
CIBER Netherlands
Telephone: +31-40-2329090
Fax:
+31-40-2329091
Web:
www.ciber.nl
Revision History
Version Issue Date Modified By:
Draft V1 Jul. 2007
Laurens Vestjens
Final
Jul. 2007
Laurens Vestjens
Summary of Changes
First draft with structure
Content
1
SUMMARY...............................................................................................................................................................4
ACTIVITIES.............................................................................................................................................................4
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
MONITORING.........................................................................................................................................................6
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
INACTIVE BW OBJECTS....................................................................................................................................12
QUERY CONSISTENCY.......................................................................................................................................12
SOURCE SYSTEM CONNECTIONS.......................................................................................................................12
REORGANIZE UNSED WORKBOOKS AND FAVOURITES.......................................................................................13
TRFC ENTRIES..................................................................................................................................................13
UNREFERENCED OBJECTS.................................................................................................................................14
INFOOBJECTS....................................................................................................................................................14
DATASOURCE REPLICATION AND TRANSFER RULES ACTIVATION......................................................................15
USER IDS........................................................................................................................................................15
UNUSED QUERIES.............................................................................................................................................15
SYSTEM RESTART..............................................................................................................................................16
EARLY WATCH REPORT.....................................................................................................................................16
PERFORMANCE...................................................................................................................................................16
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
BATCH JOBS........................................................................................................................................................6
DATA LOADS.......................................................................................................................................................6
REPORT ABILITY OF DATA...................................................................................................................................6
MISSING INDEXES...............................................................................................................................................7
FREE SPACE........................................................................................................................................................8
ABAP DUMPS.....................................................................................................................................................9
SYSTEM LOGS...................................................................................................................................................10
INTERNET GRAPHIC SERVER (IGS)...................................................................................................................10
AGGREGATES....................................................................................................................................................11
QUERY PERFORMANCE.....................................................................................................................................11
DATABASE BACKUPS.........................................................................................................................................11
BW STATISTICS.................................................................................................................................................11
SYSTEM HEALTH................................................................................................................................................12
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
MONITORING......................................................................................................................................................4
SYSTEM HEALTH.................................................................................................................................................4
PERFORMANCE...................................................................................................................................................5
FREE SPACE........................................................................................................................................................5
CHANGES............................................................................................................................................................5
FREE SPACE..........................................................................................................................................................18
Page 2 of 27
Version: 1.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
7
CHANGES..............................................................................................................................................................22
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
Page 3 of 27
Version: 1.0
1 Summary
The following chapters describe the actions that BW operation needs to perform to keep a BW landscape
well performing and in the best possible condition. These actions improve speed (loading as well as
reporting), as well as a small(er) database. They also improve the stability of the landscape: lesser failed
uploads, stable source system connections, consistent master data and lesser problem reports by the user.
Chapter 2 describes the activities that BW operations needs to take care of.
Chapter 3 describes in more detail all monitoring activities of BW operations
Chapter 4 describes in more detail all system health improving activities
Chapter 5 describes in more detail all performance improving activities
Chapter 6 describes in more detail all activities to free up database space
Chapter 7 describes in more detail all activities related to changes to the BW landscape
Appendix A: SAP kernel and database settings that need to be taken into account for good performance.
Appendix B: one-time actions to be taken to assure the correct working and proper performance.
2 Activities
Abbreviations:
o BW:
BW operations team
o SB:
SAP BASIS team
o MO:
System management / Managed Operations
2.1
Monitoring
Description
Batch jobs
Data loads: InfoPackages, InfoPackage groups and process chains
Report ability of data loads in InfoCubes and ODS objects
Missing indexes in the database
Database free space
ABAP dumps
System logging
Internet Graphic Server (IGS)
Aggregates: status / usage
Query performance, perform corrective actions
Monitor if database backups have been made
Freq.
daily
daily
daily
daily
daily
daily
daily
daily
monthly
monthly
daily
weekly
Check if all InfoProviders are still BW statistics relevant, so the OLAP time etc. will
be updated in the BW statistics InfoCubes
For a list of tools to perform correct monitoring, see chapter 3.
weekly
Who
BW / SB
BW
BW
BW
BW / SB
BW / SB
BW / SB
BW
BW
BW
BW /
SB / MO
BW /
SB / MO
BW
Freq.
Who
2.2
System health
Description
Page 4 of 27
Version: 1.0
Make sure all BW objects are active in production like transfer rules and update
rules, but also MultiProviders, InfoObjects, InfoObject catalogs, etc.
Make sure all queries are consistent and can be executed. Make also sure there are
no queries with duplicate names
Check all source system connections if they still work
Reorganize unused workbooks and favorites
Reorganize / delete unprocessed tRFC entries
Clean-up unreferenced objects like PSA tables, transfer rules, etc.
Make sure InfoObjects are consistent, definitions as well as the data
Replicate datasources / regenerate transfer rules
Lock /cleanup user IDs that dont use the system / didnt logon recently
Delete old / unused queries
Process SAP Early Watch report
For a list of tools for system health checking, see chapter 4.
daily
BW
weekly
BW
weekly
weekly
weekly
weekly
monthly
weekly
monthly
monthly
-
BW
BW
BW
BW
BW
BW
SB
BW
BW / SB
Freq.
weekly
weekly
monthly
quarterly
monthly
Who
BW / SB
BW
BW
BW
BW
Freq.
weekly
daily
Who
BW
BW
weekly
weekly
weekly
weekly
monthly
BW
BW
BW
BW
BW
Description
Apply SAP notes / SAP service packs / add-ons
BW upgrades
Transports
Client copy activities
Freq.
-
Who
SB
SB / MO
BW / SB
BW / SB /
MO
SB / MO
2.3
Performance
Description
Optimize database and SAP statistics for better performance
Delete unused dimension table entries of InfoCubes
Evaluate BW statistics for query and load performance
Drop / recreate indexes on InfoCubes
Read mode of queries and InfoCubes
For a list of tools for performance checking, see chapter 5.
2.4
Free space
Description
Delete unused partitions in F-tables of InfoCube
Remove unused temporary query / analytics / realignment run tables in table space
PSAPTEMP
Delete log-files: database / application / error logs
Archive IDocs
Clean-up PSA table content
Compress InfoCubes
Delete old BW statistics
For a list of tools for achieving free space, see chapter 6.
2.5
Changes
Page 5 of 27
Version: 1.0
3 Monitoring
3.1
Batch jobs
3.2
Data loads
3.3
Page 6 of 27
Version: 1.0
o
o
Check if the data in all active InfoCubes is reportable. Data could be loaded, but aggregates are not
rolled up yet.
Check also if data in all active ODS objects is activated and booked into its data targets.
In ODS SAPP_O01 2 data request are not booked to their data targets.
3.4
Missing indexes
Example:
Page 7 of 27
Version: 1.0
Make sure there are no database indexes missing other than the ones that are dropped to speed up
data loads into an InfoCube. Perform this test multiple times a day. If InfoCube indexes stay missing,
create them via the maintenance screen of InfoCubes, Performance tab.
Example:
Page 8 of 27
Version: 1.0
If the indexes dont belong to an InfoCube, like in the example, create them by using tx SE14
3.5
Free space
Tools: tx DB02
o
Make sure that theres enough database space free for the system. How much needs to be free,
depends on the system. The table space that contains the BW related data should have at least 30GB,
depending on how much data is added on a daily basis. If theres not enough free space, its a good
idea to start deleting unused PSA packages. If that is not possible, start the process of adding more disk
space to the application.
Example:
In this example there are no Space-critical objects and the Total free/kb is about 33% of the database size.
In this example the main table space PSAPBWP is free for 33%. No problem here.
3.6
ABAP dumps
Page 9 of 27
Version: 1.0
Example:
3.7
System logs
Try to solve recurring problems in the system log. Apply SAP notes if needed.
3.8
Check if the IGS is still operational using ABAP BW_IGS_CHART_TEST. If not fix it.
Page 10 of 27
Version: 1.0
3.9
Aggregates
Check the usage of aggregates. Determine that the aggrgate is actually used or useful for filling other
aggregates. If not, delete the aggregate. If an aggregate is activated, but not filled, remove it.
Run a BW statistics report to show the top 25 of worst performing queries. Improve their performance.
Page 11 of 27
Version: 1.0
3.13 BW statistics
Tool: tx RSA1, Tools, BW statistics for InfoProviders, tx ZWEEKLY option 22
o
Make sure all InfoProviders are switched on for BW statistics collection, the OLAP as well as the
warehouse management part. If the collection is switched on performance valuations can be made.
Example:
4 System health
4.1
Inactive BW objects
In a BW some object can become inactive due to some reasen. If update rules become inactive its
impossible to load data via them anymore.
If transfer rules are inactive, they can be activated without transport via ABAP
RS_TRANSTRU_ACTIVATE_ALL. All other inactive objects should be repaired by transport rather than
activating them in the system itself (via opening it).
4.2
Query consistency
Make sure there are no queries with duplicate names. Run ABAP
RENAME_DUPLICATE_ELEMENTS to correct any inconsistencies. See not 541024 for further
details.
Page 12 of 27
Version: 1.0
o
o
o
Make sure the metadata tables of queries are consistent. Run ABAP ANALYZE_RSZ_TABLE to
check and repair this.
Run RSR_GEN_DIRECT_ALL_QUERIES on a weekly basis for all queries, so ZDAILY will show all
queries that dont compile. Compiled queries are also faster when running them.
Make sure all queries compile (and are therefore consistent). If they dont compile repair them of delete
them.
Queries become inactive (and inconsistent) if something changes to their InfoProvider. Sometimes a
characteric is deleted from the InfoCube, but a certain query is not changed. Result: de query wont run
naymore.ZDAILY will show all those inactive queries. Queries can be compiled via RSRT or via ABAP
RSR_GEN_DIRECT_ALL_QUERIES. If a query doesnt compile, fix it in BW-D.
Example of an inactive query:
4.3
Make sure all source system connections are consistent and active. If not, repair the connection or
remove it.
Inconsistent source system connections make it impossible to load data. Example of inconsistent
connections (in this case connection INFORDEV):
4.4
Run ABAP report RSWB_ROLES_REORG to delete workbooks not assigned to any role or favorites.
When users or authorization roles are deleted, workbooks linked to roles of favourites get unreferenced and
cannot be called anymore. The mentioned ABAP will remove via a selection screen all relations.
Example of the selection screen:
Page 13 of 27
Version: 1.0
4.5
tRFC entries
Clean up transactional RFCs from cancelled loads in all BW- and connected systems.
When a data loads cancels, some residus are left behind in the system(s). One of those residues are
tRFCs. SM58 shows those tRFCs and offers a reorganize (delete) option.
Example of error tRFCs:
4.6
Unreferenced objects
Run ABAP SAP_PSA_ZEROCORRECT to correct PSA table with partition number 0. Sometimes a
correction can be made, so the data is still available. If this correction cannot be made, the content is
deleted.
Page 14 of 27
Version: 1.0
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
4.7
InfoObjects
Check the consistency of the content of the master data and text tables of InfoObjects and repair any
inconsistencies.
Run frequently ABAP RSDMD_CHECKPRG_ALL to check the consistency of all InfoObjects and repair
inconsistencies. See note 447341 for further details.
Page 15 of 27
Version: 1.0
Run ABAP RSDG_IOBJ_REORG to check the consistency of all InfoObjects and repair any
inconsistencies to the definitions.
4.8
4.9
To avoid problems in uploads, replicate all datasources of all connected source systems, and afterwards
regenerate all transfer rules of all source systems.
User IDs
Tool: tx SU01
o
o
Lock all users that havent logged on to the system in the last 3 months
Delete all users from the system that havent logged on for the last 6 months.
Run tx SDCC for an unedited version of the SAP Early Watch report. Try to solve the recommendations.
Page 16 of 27
Version: 1.0
5 Performance
Tool: tx OS06, tx SM04, tx AL08, tx SM50, tx SM51, tx SM66, tx ST03, tx ST04
o
o
o
o
o
5.1
For Oracle databases, run the BRCONNECT script to calculate good database statistics. Use tx DB14 to
view the result of the batch job. If the job aborts or runs too long like in the next example, double click on the
line to review the joblog.
Example of a wrong Update optimizer statitstics:
Page 17 of 27
Version: 1.0
Job on basis of SAP_ANALYZE_ALL_INFOCUBES (note 129252): run once a week to collect good SAP
statistics on InfoCubes.
Use transaction RSRV (and RSRVALT) on a regular basis to check InfoCubes. Most importantly tag
Database, options DB statistics of an InfoCube and its aggregates to check the health of an InfoCube
5.2
5.3
BW statistics
Page 18 of 27
Version: 1.0
5.4
InfoCube indexes
Drop indexes on all InfoCubes, and recreate them. Suggestion: change the first and next extent sizes of
the InfoCube F-, E- and dimension tables (with SE14).
Use transaction RSRV (and RSRVALT) on a regular basis to check InfoCubes. Most importantly tag
Database, option Indices of an InfoCube and its aggregate to check the health of an InfoCube.
Example of RSRVALT on InfoCube SFP_C04:
5.5
Switch the read mode of InfoCubes and queries to type H (tx RSRT and RDMD). Also check regularly if
the read mode stays H for new InfoCube / query developments. See notes 422527.
Page 19 of 27
Version: 1.0
One can find the InfoCubes with the wrong read mode by looking in table RSDCUBE, column READMODE,
and for queries table RSRREPDIR column READMODE.
6 Free space
6.1
Run frequently ABAP SAP_DROP_EMPTY_FPARTITIONS. See note 430486 for further details.
Or run ABAP ZBW0005 to check all InfoCubes in one run. Corrections still needs to be carried out with
ABAP SAP_DROP_EMPTY_FPARTITIONS.
6.2
Temporary tables
Tool: tx ZWEEKLY option 051 and 052, tx ZUTIL option 15, ABAP SAP_DROP_TMPTABLES, ABAP
RSAN_RTT_CLEAR_TEMP_TABLES
o
Run frequently or schedule ABAP report SAP_DROP_TMPTABLES. See notes 308533, 449841 for
further details
Page 20 of 27
Version: 1.0
6.3
Log-files
Tool: tx ZWEEKLY options 061, 062 and 063, ABAP SBAL_DELETE, ABAP RSTBPDEL, ABAP
RSSM_ERRORLOG_CLEANUP
Remove old application logs from the database
o
o
o
6.4
Run periodically ABAP RSSM_ERRORLOG_CLEANUP to remove old error logs (note 456150).
Run periodically ABAP RSTBPDEL to remove old database table logs (note 706478).
Run periodically ABAP SBAL_DELETE to remove old application logs (note 456150).
Archiving
Archive the BW related IDocs with transaction SARA or ABAP report RSEXARCA.
6.5
Version: 1.0
Remove unnecessary PSA packages from the database. Schedule periodic jobs to remove them, or do
it by hand.
6.6
Compression
6.7
Compress as much and soon as possible. See notes 375132, 407260, 590370 for further details
BW statistics
Example:
Page 22 of 27
Version: 1.0
7 Changes
7.1
7.2
o
7.3
BW upgrades
Upgrade the BW system on demand.
Transport
Tool: tx STMS
o
7.4
7.5
After a client copy of an connected source system, the connection needs to be restored
Page 23 of 27
Version: 1.0
Page 24 of 27
Version: 1.0
Page 25 of 27
Version: 1.0
Page 26 of 27
Version: 1.0
Page 27 of 27
Version: 1.0