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Computer Graphics Question Bank UNIT I

Computer Graphics is defined as the pictorial representation of objects using a computer. It involves input, output, and processing devices. The document discusses scan conversion which is the process of converting graphics primitives into pixel information to be stored in the frame buffer and displayed. It covers various computer graphics concepts like resolution, refresh buffers, pixels, clipping, rasterization, antialiasing, and algorithms for drawing lines and curves. Common line drawing algorithms like DDA, Bresenham's, and clipping methods like Cohen-Sutherland and Liang-Barsky are also summarized.

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943 views4 pages

Computer Graphics Question Bank UNIT I

Computer Graphics is defined as the pictorial representation of objects using a computer. It involves input, output, and processing devices. The document discusses scan conversion which is the process of converting graphics primitives into pixel information to be stored in the frame buffer and displayed. It covers various computer graphics concepts like resolution, refresh buffers, pixels, clipping, rasterization, antialiasing, and algorithms for drawing lines and curves. Common line drawing algorithms like DDA, Bresenham's, and clipping methods like Cohen-Sutherland and Liang-Barsky are also summarized.

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qwdfgh
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Computer Graphics

Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology


Coimbatore
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Question Bank
Class
: III CSE
Semester: VI

Subject: 11UCK604 Computer Graphics

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER GRAPHICS & SCAN CONVERSION


PART A
1. Define Computer graphics.
Computer graphics remains one of the most existing and rapidly growing computer
fields. Computer graphics may be defined as a pictorial representation or graphical
representation of objects in a computer.
2. Components of Computer Graphics.
Computer Graphics system comprises of a host computer with support of fast processor,
large memory, frame buffer and
Display devices (color monitors),
Input devices (mouse, keyboard, joystick, touch screen, trackball)
Output devices (LCD panels, laser printers, color printers, plotters etc.)
Interfacing devices such as, video I/O,
TV interface etc.
3. Define Random scan/Raster scan displays?
Random scan is a method in which the display is made by the electronic beam
which is directed only to the points or part of the screen where the picture is to be drawn.
The Raster scan system is a scanning technique in which the electrons sweep from top to
bottom and from left to right. The intensity is turned on or off to light and unlight the pixel.
4. What is resolution?
It is the number of pixels used to display an image and number of bits used to represent
each pixel.
5. Define refresh buffer/frame buffer.
The memory area where in picture definition is stored is called Refresh buffer. This
memory area holds the set of intensity values for all the screen points. On a black and white
system with one bit per pixel, the frame buffer is called a bitmap.
6. What is pixel?
Each screen point in a monitor is called a pixel or pel. It is also called picture
element.

Computer Graphics

7. Define aspect ratio.


It is a property of video monitors. This number gives the ratio of vertical points to
horizontal points necessary to produce equal-length lines in both directions on the screen.
8. Difference b/w Active and passive graphics

Passive
Control
No Control
Communication
One Way Communication
Interaction
No Interaction b/w User
and H/W
Earlier supported
Motion & Updation
No facility

Active
Control
Dynamic nature
Communication
2-Way Communication
Interaction
High bandwidth user
interaction
Modern Applications
Motion & Updation
2-D, 3-D Transformations

9. What is meant by Addressability?


The Addressability is the number of individual dots per inch (d.p.i) that can be created.
If the address of the current dot is (x, y) then the next dot will be (x+y), (x+y+1) etc
10. What is DDA?
The Digital Differential Analyzer is a scan-conversion line algorithm based on
calculating either difference in y-coordinate (dy) or difference in x- coordinate. We sample
the line at unit intervals in one coordinate and determine corresponding integer values
nearest the line path for the other coordinate.
11. What are the disadvantages of DDA algorithm?
Round-off error in successive additions of the floating-point increment can cause the
calculated pixel positions to drift away from the true line path for long line segments.
Rounding operations and floating-point arithmetic in procedure are still time consuming.
12. What is attribute parameter?
Any parameter that affects the way a primitive is to be displayed is referred to as an
attribute parameter.
13. What are the basic line attributes?
Basic attributes of a straight line segment are its type, its width, and its color.
14. What is meant by aliasing?
The distortion of information due to low frequency sampling (Under sampling) is
called aliasing. We can improve the appearance of displayed raster lines by applying
antialiasing methods that compensate for the under sampling process.
15. What is antialiasing?
The process of adjusting intensities of the pixels along the line to minimize the
effect of aliasing is called antialiasing.
16. Define Clipping.
Any procedure that identifies those portions of a picture that are either inside or
outside of a specified region of space is referred to as a clipping algorithm or simply
clipping. The region against which an object is clipped is called a clip window.
17. What are the types of Clipping?
Point clipping
Line clipping
Area clipping
Curve clipping
Text clipping
18. What is Refresh CRT?
Redraw the picture repeatedly by quickly directing the electron beam back over the
same points.

19. What is Refresh rate of CRT?


No. of times per second the image is redrawn
20. Define Rasterization.
Process of determining which pixels provide the best approximation to a desired
line on the screen.
21. Define scan conversion or digitization.
A major task of the display processor is digitizing a picture definition given in an
application program into a set of pixel-intensity values for storage in the frame buffer. It is
a combination of rasterization and scan generating the picture in scan line order. This
digitization process is called scan conversion.
22. Where the video controller is used?
A special purpose processor, which is used to control the operation of the display device,
is known as video controller or display controller.
23. What is point clipping and what are its inequalities?
24. What is line clipping and what are their parametric representations?
25. What is bitmap and what is pixmap?
The frame buffer used in the black and white system is known as bitmap which take one
bit per pixel. For systems with multiple bits per pixel, the frame buffer is often referred to
as a pixmap.
Part-B
1. Describe the applications of graphics in detail.
2. Explain refresh cathode ray tube.
3. Explain about color CRT monitors.
4. Write short notes on raster scan systems.
5. Explain Bresenhams line drawing algorithm.
6. Describe about Bresenhams Midpoint Circle generating algorithm.
7. Explain Bresenhams Midpoint Ellipse drawing algorithm.
8. Explain the types of output primitives and its attributes.
9. Explain in detail about Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm.
10. Explain Liang - Barsky line clipping algorithm.
11. Explain Sutherland-Hodgeman Polygon clipping algorithm.

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