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Operating System

UNIX is a portable operating system designed for efficient multi-tasking and multi-user functions. It runs on different hardware platforms and was written in C. Filters are programs that take input, perform operations, and output results. They can be used in pipelines between other programs. Typical shell command syntax follows "Command [-argument] [-argument] [file]". The "rm -r *" command can delete all files and subdirectories in the current directory in one step. The "-v" option echoes commands before substitution while "-x" echoes after substitution. The kernel controls resources and starts a shell for each user, while the shell acts as an interface between the user and system by interpreting commands.

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35 views3 pages

Operating System

UNIX is a portable operating system designed for efficient multi-tasking and multi-user functions. It runs on different hardware platforms and was written in C. Filters are programs that take input, perform operations, and output results. They can be used in pipelines between other programs. Typical shell command syntax follows "Command [-argument] [-argument] [file]". The "rm -r *" command can delete all files and subdirectories in the current directory in one step. The "-v" option echoes commands before substitution while "-x" echoes after substitution. The kernel controls resources and starts a shell for each user, while the shell acts as an interface between the user and system by interpreting commands.

Uploaded by

Reddy Sumanth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1) What is UNIX?

It is a portable operating system that is designed for both efficient multi-tasking and multuser functions. Its portability allows it to run on different hardware platforms. It was written is
C and lets user do processing and control under a shell.
2) What are filters?
The term Filter is often used to refer to any program that can take input from standard input,
perform some operation on that input, and write the results to standard output. A Filter is
also any program that can be used between two other programs in a pipeline.
3) What is a typical syntax being followed when issuing commands in
shell?
Typical command syntax under the UNIX shell follows the format:
Command [-argument] [-argument] [argument] [file]
4) Is there a way to erase all files in the current directory, including all
its sub-directories, using only one command?
Yes, that is possible. Use rm r * for this purpose. The rm command is for deleting files.
The r option will erase directories and subdirectories, including files within. The asterisk
represents all entries.
5) What is the chief difference between the v and x option s to set?
The v option echoes each command before arguments and variables have been
substituted for; the x option echoes the commands after substitution has taken place.
6) What is Kernel?
Kernel is the UNIX operating system. It is the master program that controls the computers
resources, allotting them to different users and to different tasks. However, the kernel
doesnt deal directly with a user. Instead, it starts up a separate, interactive program, called
a shell, for each user when he/she logs on.
7) What is Shell?
A shell acts as an interface between the user and the system. As a command interpreter,
the shell takes commands and sets them up for execution.

8 ) What are the key features of the Korn Shell?


history mechanism with built-in editor that simulates emacs or vi
built-in integer arithmetic
string manipulation capabilities
command aliasing
arrays
job control
9) What are some common shells and what are their indicators?
sh Bourne shell
csh C SHell
bash Bourne Again Shell
tcsh enhanced C Shell
zsh Z SHell
ksh Korn SHell
10) Differentiate multiuser from multitask.
Multiuser means that more than one person can use the computer at the same time.
Multitask means that even a single user can have the computer work on more than one task
or program at the same time.
11) What is command substitution?
Command substitution is one of the steps being performed every time commands are
processed by the shell. Commands that are enclosed in backquotes are executed by the
shell. This will then replace the standard output of the command and displayed on the
command line.
12) What is a directory?
Every file is assigned to a directory. A directory is a specialized form of file that maintains a
list of all files in it.
13) What is inode?

An inode is an entry created on a section of the disk set aside for a file system. The inode
contains nearly all there is to know about a file, which includes the location on the disk
where the file starts, the size of the file, when the file was last used, when the file was last
changed, what the various read, write and execute permissions are, who owns the file, and
other information.

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