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FEM Exercises

The document outlines the procedure for solving finite element analysis tasks. It describes 7 steps: 1) determining element information, 2) deriving element stiffness matrices, 3) calculating element stiffness matrices, 4) assembling the global stiffness matrix, 5) preparing the equation system, 6) preparing the reduced equation system, and 7) solving the reduced system. It then provides an example problem involving a rod with two elements and solves it following the 7 steps.

Uploaded by

Venkatesh Sathya Harisyam
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
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298 views

FEM Exercises

The document outlines the procedure for solving finite element analysis tasks. It describes 7 steps: 1) determining element information, 2) deriving element stiffness matrices, 3) calculating element stiffness matrices, 4) assembling the global stiffness matrix, 5) preparing the equation system, 6) preparing the reduced equation system, and 7) solving the reduced system. It then provides an example problem involving a rod with two elements and solves it following the 7 steps.

Uploaded by

Venkatesh Sathya Harisyam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Finite Element Methods for Engineers

Exercise 3

Overview

Repetition
Task 1
Task 2

2 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Procedure for the tasks in this exercise


1. Determine all relevant information for each element e

3 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Procedure for the tasks in this exercise


1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
2. Derive/Look up the element stiffness matrices for each used element type

3 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Procedure for the tasks in this exercise


1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
2. Derive/Look up the element stiffness matrices for each used element type
3. Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements

3 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Procedure for the tasks in this exercise


1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
2. Derive/Look up the element stiffness matrices for each used element type
3. Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements
4. Assemble the global stiffness matrix K

3 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Procedure for the tasks in this exercise


1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
2. Derive/Look up the element stiffness matrices for each used element type
3. Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements
4. Assemble the global stiffness matrix K
5. Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka

3 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Procedure for the tasks in this exercise


1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
2. Derive/Look up the element stiffness matrices for each used element type
3. Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements
4. Assemble the global stiffness matrix K
5. Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka
a (Delete rows/columns with 0-displacements)
6. Prepare the reduced equation system r = K

3 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Procedure for the tasks in this exercise


1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
2. Derive/Look up the element stiffness matrices for each used element type
3. Calculate the element stiffness matrix for all elements
4. Assemble the global stiffness matrix K
5. Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka
a (Delete rows/columns with 0-displacements)
6. Prepare the reduced equation system r = K
a
7. Solve the reduced equation system r = K

3 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Element stiffness matrix of a rod

EA
K =
L
e

4 of 12

cos()2
cos() sin()
cos()2
cos() sin()
2
cos() sin()
sin()
cos() sin()
sin()2
cos()2
cos() sin()
cos()2
cos() sin()
2
cos() sin()
sin()
cos() sin()
sin()2

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Overview

Repetition
Task 1
Task 2

5 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Task 1
Calculate the displacement and force vector.
F
2

y
1

6 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

E
A1
A2

L
F

= 210 000 N/mm2,


= 25 mm2,
= 50 mm2,
= 135,
= 400 mm,
= 250 N

Task 1
Solution
1. Determine all relevant information for each element e

7 of 12

Element e

sin e

cos e

Le

Ae

Ee

90

2L

135

2/2

A1

2/2

2A1

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Task 1
Solution
1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
Element e

sin e

cos e

Le

Ae

Ee

90

2L

135

2/2

A1

2/2

2A1

5. Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka

F1,x
F1,y


F2,x
2A1 E

F = 2L

F3,x
F3,y

7 of 12

0 0
0
0
0
0
0

2
0
2
0
0

0
0

0
1
1 1 1 0

0 2 1 1 + 2 1 1 a2,y

0
0
1
1
1 1 0
0
0
0
1
1
1 1

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Task 1
Solution
1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
Element e

sin e

cos e

Le

Ae

Ee

90

2L

135

2/2

A1

2/2

2A1

5. Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka

F1,x
F1,y


F2,x
2A1 E

F = 2L

F3,x
F3,y

0 0
0
0
0
0
0

2
0
2
0
0

0
0

0
1
1 1 1 0

0 2 1 1 + 2 1 1 a2,y

0
0
1
1
1 1 0
0
0
0
1
1
1 1

a
6. Prepare the reduced equation system r= K

F =

7 of 12

2A1E
(1 + 2)a2,y
2L

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Task 1
Solution
1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
Element e

sin e

cos e

Le

Ae

Ee

90

2L

135

2/2

A1

2/2

2A1

5. Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka

F1,x
F1,y


F2,x
2A1 E

F = 2L

F3,x
F3,y

0 0
0
0
0
0
0

2
0
2
0
0

0
0

0
1
1 1 1 0

0 2 1 1 + 2 1 1 a2,y

0
0
1
1
1 1 0
0
0
0
1
1
1 1

a
6. Prepare the reduced equation system r= K

F =

2A1E
(1 + 2)a2,y
2L

a
7. Solve the reduced equation system r = K

a2,y = 1.1158 102 mm


7 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Task 1
Solution
For the complete vectors follows:

0
146.45

103.55

r=
250 N,

103.55
103.55

8 of 12

0
102 mm

a=

1.1158

0
0

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Overview

Repetition
Task 1
Task 2

9 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Task 2
Calculate the displacement and force vector.
F
1

y
4

10 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

E
A

L
F

= 70 000 N/mm2,
= 50 mm2 ,
= 30,
= 60,
= 500 mm,
= 500 N

Task 2
Solution
1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
Element e

sin e

cos e

90

3
4
5

11 of 12

30
90

150

1/2
1
1/2

0
3/2

3/2

Le

Ae

Ee

3L/2

L/2

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Task 2
Solution
1. Determine all relevant information for each element e
Element e

sin e

cos e

90

3
4
5

30
90

150

1/2
1
1/2

0
3/2

3/2

Le

Ae

Ee

3L/2

L/2

5. Prepare the whole equation system r = Ka


8/
3 + 3 3 8/ 3 0
3
3
0
0
0
F1,x

3
0
5
0
0
3
1
0
4
a1,y

8/
3
0
8/
3
0
0
0
0
0
a

2,x

F AE
0
0
0
8
0
8
0
0 a2,y

a
3
0
0
6
0
3

3
3

4L
3,x

a3,y
3
1
0
8
0
10

3
1

F4,x

0
0
0
0
0
3

3
3
3

0
F4,y
3
5
0
4
0
0 3 1

11 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Task 2
Solution
a
6. Prepare the reduced equation system r = K

3 1
5
0
0
0
a1,y
0 8/ 3 0
0

0
0

a2,x

F = AE 0

0
8
0 8 a2,y

4L
3
0
0
0
6
0 a3,x
a3,y
0
1
0
8 0 10

12 of 12

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

Task 2
Solution
a
6. Prepare the reduced equation system r = K

3 1
5
0
0
0
a1,y
0 8/ 3 0
0

0
0

a2,x

F = AE 0

0
8
0 8 a2,y

4L
3
0
0
0
6
0 a3,x
a3,y
0
1
0
8 0 10

a and derivation of the vectors


7. Solve the reduced equation system r = K

433.01

500

N,
r=

433.01
500

12 of 12

0
0.0357

0.1964

mm
a=

0.0103
0.1607

Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov | Department of
Continuum Mechanics | WS 2015/16

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