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Chapter 10

This document summarizes four protection problems involving overcurrent relays, transformer differential protection, transformer CT ratios for differential protection, and circuit breaker ratings. It provides the topics, a brief explanation of each problem, and the solutions. Users can access other chapters and start pages through the provided website link.

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pvenky
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283 views3 pages

Chapter 10

This document summarizes four protection problems involving overcurrent relays, transformer differential protection, transformer CT ratios for differential protection, and circuit breaker ratings. It provides the topics, a brief explanation of each problem, and the solutions. Users can access other chapters and start pages through the provided website link.

Uploaded by

pvenky
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 10

Protection Problems
with Solutions
Problems
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
WEBSITE

Topics
Overcurrent relay-Time of operation
Transformer- differential protection
Transformer- differential protection-CT Ratios
Circuit breaker ratings

takes you to the start page after you have read this Chapter.
Start page has links to other Chapters.

Prob.10.1 Overcurrent relay: time of operation


Explain how would you use an overcurrent characteristic to determine its time of operation,
given the following information:
Relay specification: 1A, 3sec
Plug setting: 125%
Time multiplier setting:.6
Current transformer ratio:400/1
Fault current: 4000A
Solution: C.T Ratio
400
Fault current
4000 A
Pilot wire current
= Fault current/C.T Ratio = Relay coil current
Pilot wire current
10 A
Plug setting
1.25
Normal relay coil curren t= rated current * Plug setting=1*1.25=1.25A
Plug setting multiplier =Pilot wire current/Plug setting
8
i.e. Relay fault current as a multiple of plug setting =10/1.25=8

Time, secs

Time multiplier setting=1

3.3

8
Plug setting multiplier
From the relay curve, the time of operation is 3.3 for a time setting of 1
Operating time for TMS=1
Given TMs

3.3 sec
0.6

Actual operating time =operating time for TMS=1*given TMS


1.98 sec
Answer
Top of Page
Prob.10.2 Transformer- differential protection
A 3-phase delta-star-connected 30 MVA 33/11 kV transformer is protected by a differential
relay. Calculate the relay current setting for faults drawing up to 200 per cent of the rated
current. The CT current ratio on the primary side is 500:5 and that on the secondary side
is 2000:5.
Solution: MVA
kV1
kV2
Ip
Ip
Is

rating
High side
Low side
Primary line current

30 MVA
33 kV
11 kV
=MVA*1000/(1.73*kV1)
525.4861 A
Sec.line current
=3*Ip
1576.458 A
CT1 ratio primary side
100
CT2 ratio Sec.side
400
C.T current on primary side,I1
=Ip/CT1 ratio
5.254861 A
C.T current on sec.side,I2
=1.73*Is/CT2 rating
6.826261 A
Relay current at 200 % of rated current
=2*(I2-I1)
3.142801 A
Answer
Top of Page

Prob.10.3 Transformer- differential protection-CT Ratios


A 3-phase delta-star connected 30MVA,132/33 kV transformer is protected by current
transformers>Determine the cT ratios for differential protection such that the circulating
current( through the transformer delta)does not exceed 5 A
Solution: HV
LV
MVA
I delta

L-L
L-L

Line value

132 kV
33 kV
30 MVA

MVA*1000/(1.73*HV)
131.3715 A
Istar
Line value
MVA*1000/(1.73*LV)
525.4861
Ic
Circulating current
5 A
The CTs on the HV side are connected in star. Therefore '
CT ratio HV side
105.0972
Answer
CTs are connected in delta on the LV side. Therefore,
CT ratio LV side
=131.37(5/1.73)
379.6865
Answer

Top of Page
Prob.10.4 Circuit breaker ratings
A circuit breaker is rated at 1000A, 1200 MVA,33 kV,3 sec, 3-phase oil-circuit breaker.
(I) the rated normal current
(ii) breaking capacity
(iii) rated symmetrical breaking current
(iv) rated making capacity
(v) short-tme rating
(vi) rated service voltage
Solution:
I
MVA
kV

1000 A
1200
33

(I)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

1000 A
Answer
1200 MVA
Answer
=MVA*1000/1.73*kV=
21019.44 A(rms)
Answer
max.value of asymmetrical current=2.55 * rated symm. Breaking current
53599.58 A
Answer

(v)

same as rated symm.breaking current


21019.44 A for 3 seconds
33 kV
Answer

(vi)

Top of Page

Answer

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