5

2. Complete the captions with the words and

phrases below.

cubs in captivity hunt conservation

breeds predators habitats cages
1

Speak Out!
VOCABULARY

Predators are animals that

animals for food.

hunt

other

2
1. Choose the sentence that best follows the
original.

1. Mary is longing for Dave to return from his

holiday.
a. Shes very excited to see him.
b. Shes nervous about seeing him.
2. Im very short of time today.
a. Im free all day.
b. Lets meet tomorrow instead.
3. Hold your horses!
a. Im not ready to go yet.
b. We really have to hurry!

The safari park breeds lions, but doesnt

cubs
allow visitors near the
.
3

4. I felt like a fish out of water at the opera.

a. I usually go to rock concerts.
b. I felt ill, and it was difficult for me to breathe.
5. This plant will be better off in the kitchen.
a. Thats why we should move it into the
living room.
b. Theres more light there.
6. Julia let the cat out of the bag.
a. But I wont tell anyone else.
b. She revealed nothing.

Animals that are in captivity in zoos are often

cages .
kept in
4

7. No matter what you say, Im going out with

Lynda.
a. Thats why Id like to know your opinion.
b. I dont care about your opinion.
8. It was a hectic day at the shop.
a. People came in all day.
b. Very few people came in.
Many animals habitats are disappearing
becauseconservationlaws arent properly
enforced.

36

Unit 5
3. Complete the sentences by adding un-, dis-, im-, il-, in- or ir- to form the opposite meaning of the
adjectives below. Use a dictionary to help you.

responsible legal usual patient advantage relevant

1. The onlydisadvantageof this neighbourhood is that it lacks public transport.
2. His story was irrelevant to the investigation. It didnt help at all.

illegal to park your car on the pavement.

4. Dont be so impatient ! Im almost ready to go.
5. You always lose things. I think youre veryirresponsible.
6. Thats an unusual building. Ive never seen such an odd design before!

3. Its

4. Complete the sentences by adding inter-, over-, re-, ex-, under- or mis- to the words in brackets.

rewrite (write) my essay because I didnt get a good mark.

2. Our dog is overweight (weight), so the vet recommended low-calorie food.
undercharged(charged) me for this shirt. Instead of 25, I paid 15!
3. The shop

1. I have to

ex-wife (wife) wrote a book about their failed marriage.

5. The intercity (city) train between Manchester and London is fast and comfortable.
6. When young children misbehave (behave), its often because theyre tired.
4. The actors

5. Complete the passage with the words below.

customers hectic miss no matter what fee dream come true

breed claimed owners better off lifelong ex-president

Dog Shows Or People Shows?

miss
My dog would 1.
the excitement if I
suddenly stopped entering him in competitions, said
Patricia Graham, 2.ex-president of the Newbury
Dog Club.
dream come true

For my poodle Meg, it was a 3.

to win first
place at last years show, 4. claimed 70-year-old Ian
Witcolm, a 5. lifelong participant in dog shows.

The only people who are honest about why they attend
dogs. They
dog shows are those who 9. breed
fee
, they
admit that for the cost of an entry 10.
can display their dogs and puppies to
hundreds of potential 11. customers
in a short time. And thats very good
for their business.

I heard these statements at two dog shows I attended

no matter what 7. owners
dog
last month. But 6.
say, Im convinced that they participate in dog shows
for themselves, not for their dogs. In general, although
hectic
a few dogs seemed to enjoy the noisy, 8.

The next time you think about

entering your dog in a show,
think about whether

atmosphere, most of them didnt care when they won

although their owners were very excited.

staying at home.

your dog would be

12.

better off

6. Complete the sentences. Make them true for you.

1. I feel cosy when Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers.

2. I felt like a fish out of water when

3. I would love to touch a wild

4. If I left my hometown, I would miss

5. I think its unfair

37

GRAMMAR
1. Choose the correct relative pronoun. Underline the sentence in which you can omit the relative
pronoun.

August is the month 1. when / where we go on holiday. Every year, our dog, 2. that / which is a German
shepherd, comes with us. We always stay at hotels 3. that / where allow dogs. Usually there are other guests
4.
whose / who have brought their dogs. Last year, our hotel was near a big park 5. where / which the dogs
could play. The guests, 6. whose / when dogs were playing, talked and got to know each other.
2. Add the missing commas to the sentences where necessary. Circle the sentences that contain a
non-dening clause.

1. Jan,who is an incredible dancer, is joining a dance group.

2. The tiger that the documentary was about was released into the wild.
3. Ive never seen Madonna, whose music I love, in concert.
4. I finally saw the film which everyone is talking about.
5. The Kings Head pub,where I worked for two years,closed last week.
3. Form sentences by matching I to II and adding the correct relative pronoun. There may be more than
one correct relative pronoun for some sentences.

A
1. Yesterday, I ran into Dan,

who

2. On the tour, well see the palace

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

where

I need a bicycle that / which

whose
I feel sorry for the families
which
Many people surf in California,
when
My favourite season is spring,
when
Last Saturday,
Nobody likes people who / that

7
8
6
4
5
3
1
2

a. I was at a friends, my dog ran away.

b. tell lies.
c. it gets warmer and the snow melts.
d. homes were destroyed in the fire.
e. is on the Pacific coast of the USA.
f. is more comfortable than this one.
g. I hadnt seen for a long time.
h. the Queen lives.

4. Combine the sentences using the relative pronoun in brackets. Make any necessary changes.
There may be more than one correct answer.

1. My brother is a vet. He fights for animal rights. (who)

My brother is a vet, who fights for animal rights. / My brother,

who fights for animal rights, is a vet.

2. I want to see the photograph. You took it for the student magazine. (which)

I want to see the photograph which you took for the student magazine.
3. Id like you to meet Sarah. Her office is next to yours. (whose)

Id like you to meet Sarah, whose office is next to yours.

4. Our DVD player broke down last week. We bought it five years ago. (which)

Our DVD player, which we bought five years ago, broke down last week.
5. Last summer, I was very happy. I was in Paris with my friends. (when)

Last summer, I was very happy when I was in Paris with my friends. /
Last summer, when I was with my friends in Paris, I was very happy.
6. This is the park. Brian found a stray puppy here. (where)

This is the park where Brian found a stray puppy.

38

Unit 5
5. Combine the sentences with a suitable
relative pronoun. Make any necessary
changes.

1. Geese can be as protective as dogs. They are

sometimes used as guard animals.

Geese, which can be as protective as dogs,

are sometimes used as guard animals.

2. Ive got a friend. His sister appeared on Pop Idol.

Ive got a friend whose sister appeared

on Pop Idol.

3. I lived here until 2005. I moved to Leeds then.

7. Correct the errors.

1. I work in an organisation that it works for the

conservation of animals.

I work in an organisation that works for

the conservation of animals.

2. Bongos, that live in the mountains of Kenya,

have been endangered for years.

Bongos, which live in the mountains of

Kenya, have been endangered for years.

3. There are many pets that their owners are cruel.

There are many pets whose owners are cruel.

I lived here until 2005 when I moved to Leeds. 4. This is a wonderful zoo where none of the
4. Robert is a DJ. He works at the new club.

animals dont live in cages there.

This is a wonderful zoo where none of

Robert is a DJ who / that works at the new club. the animals live in cages.

5. The hotel is full. The President is staying there.

5. We live in times where we can rent anything.

We live in times when we can rent

The hotel where the President is staying is full. anything.

6. Jane knows three languages. Shes studying to

be a translator.

Jane, who knows three languages, is

studying to be a translator. / Jane, who
is studying to be a translator, knows
three languages.

6. Complete the passage with suitable relative

pronouns. There may be more than one
correct answer.

Royal Swans
Open a tourist brochure or visit a website about Britain, and
you might also see a photo of large white swans. These water
which are also called mute swans, are a
birds, 1.
approximately
much-loved sight in Britain, 2. where
30,000 of them live. You may be surprised to learn that there
is actually someone 3. who / that owns them. All the
swans 4. that / which live on Britains rivers, canals and
lakes belong to the Queen. This tradition began about 500
when mute swans were bred for food.
years ago, 5.
At the time, swan breeders had to give their birds a special
mark, but unmarked birds were considered royal property.
The swans are still owned by the Queen. Among the royal
whose
job includes
staff is a Swan Keeper, 6.
organising a traditional ceremony called the Swanupping. This always occurs in the third week of July,
7.
when
swans on the River Thames are counted
and identified.
There are some people today 8. who / that think its silly
for the swans to belong to the monarch, but many others
attribute the survival of the species to its royal protection.

8. Translate the sentences.

1. You shouldnt underestimate the animals pain.

No deberas menospreciar el dolor del animal.

2. These animals wouldnt be better off in animal
shelters, where theyre often short of food.

Estos animales no estaran mejor en

refugios para animales, donde a menudo
estn escasos
3. Customers,
whode
paycomida.
a monthly fee, pick up a
dog from the office.

Los clientes, quienes pagan una cuota

mensual, recogen al perro en la oficina.

4. Spain is a country where hunting is legal.

Espaa es un pas en el que la caza es legal.

5. A cute tiger cub will soon grow into an adult
which is fierce and dangerous.

Un bonito cachorro de tigre pronto se

convertir en un adulto (que es) feroz y
peligroso.

Grammar Review
9. Rewrite the sentences with the words in
brackets. Make any necessary changes.

1. Sally met Jason six months ago. (know)

Sally has known Jason for six months.

2. Were going to visit our cousins in Rome in six
days! (this time next week)

This time next week, we will be visiting

our cousins in Rome.

3. We are finishing exams in June. (by the end of

June) By the end of June, we will have

finished exams. / We will have finished

exams by the end of June.

4. I have a meeting with Julie next month. (meet)

Im going to meet / Im meeting Julie

next month.

5. We met at the hotel. I work there. (where)

We met at the hotel where I work.

39

READING
1. Look at the words in bold in the text and try
to guess their meanings. Pay attention to the
part of speech.
2. Read the text and write T (True) or F (False)
for each sentence. Find information in the text
to support your answers.

1. The veterinary college programme costs

$25,000 a year.

There is also a veterinary college programme

which guarantees lifelong care for pets in
exchange for a bequest of at least $25,000.
T 2. Due to a court case, Leona Helmsleys dog
inherited less than $12 million.

Inheriting $12 million ... became a reality

for a little Maltese dog called Trouble ...
3. Find words in the text that match the
following denitions:

1. a woman who inherits money or property

(paragraph1) heiress
2. money or property left to someone in a will
(paragraph 2) bequest
3. clearly stated or designated
(paragraph 5) specified
4. a worker for a person or company
(paragraph 5) employee
4. Choose the correct answer.

1. Leona Helmsley
a. made a fortune in property.
b. inherited money from her husband.
c. bought Trouble in August 2007.
d. left all her money to Trouble.
2. The article mentions a cat, pigeons and lizards
a. as examples of animal heirs in Britain.
b. because they were among Helmsleys pets.
c. as animals that have been heirs.
d. as examples of animals that cant inherit
money.
3. Trouble was sent to live with
a. Helmsleys brother.
b. Helmsleys grandson.
c. the people Helmsley designated in her will.
d. a Helmsley company worker.

40

Animal Heirs
Inheriting $12 million is not something that happens to
most people, and certainly not to dogs. But in August
2007, that became a reality for a little Maltese dog
called Trouble, when her owner, Leona Helmsley, died.
Helmsley, heiress to her husbands fortune, also left
several billion dollars to a charity mainly dedicated to
caring for dogs.
Although Helmsleys bequest was possibly the largest
so far to an individual animal, her wish to provide for
a beloved pet was not unique. Among the well-known
cases of the past 50 years are: a British woman who
left her cat a house, household help and over 20,000;
an Australian man whose will provided money to
improve, breed, and race homing pigeons; and a
South African woman who left money to support her
pet lizards.
Many pet owners worry about what will happen to their
pets when they are no longer around to take care of
them. Recent surveys have revealed that up to a quarter
of pet owners in the United States leave money for their
pets in their wills. There is also a veterinary college
programme which guarantees lifelong care for pets in
exchange for a bequest of at least $25,000.
The bequests left in pet owners wills are often
challenged in law courts by their families or other
potential heirs, as happened in the case of Leona
Helmsleys will. It was also challenged by Helmsleys
own trustees, the people responsible for administering
her will. They successfully proved that $2 million was
enough to support Trouble, who in 2008 was already
nine years old.
But money cant buy love. Although
Helmsleys will specified that Trouble
was to live with either her brother or
her grandson, both refused. Helmsleys
trustees gave the dog and funds to
support her to a Helmsley company
employee who had known Trouble
since she was a puppy. Perhaps
pet owners should think more
about who will eventually
care for their animals than
how much money to
leave them.

Unit 5

WRITING

Your Task
Write a for and against essay about the
advantages and disadvantages of adopting
an animal from a shelter. Use 100-150
words.

1. Choose the correct connector.

1. John doesnt enjoy his job. However / Moreover, he likes

the large salary.
2. Despite / Although these jeans were expensive, Im glad
I bought them.

PLANNING YOUR FOR AND

AGAINST ESSAY
1. Brainstorm your essay.

3. Linda owns three dogs as well as / in addition two cats

and a parrot.

Make a list of pros and cons. Look at the

statements below. Which would you put
in your pros list? Which would you put
in your cons list?

2. Rewrite the sentences in Exercise 1 with the connectors

in brackets below. There may be more than one correct
answer. Possible answers:

- Shelters often do not know the background

of the animal.
- Animals are often kept in poor conditions in
shelters and therefore are difficult to train.
- Its inexpensive to get an animal from a
shelter.
- Youre giving an animal a home.
- You can return the animal if you are
unhappy keeping it.

Although John doesnt enjoy his job,

1. he likes the large salary.

2. These jeans were expensive.

(although)

Nevertheless, Im glad I bought them.(nevertheless)

3. Linda owns three dogs. Furthermore,(furthermore)
she owns two cats and a parrot.

3. Complete the for and against essay with the connectors

below. There may be more than one correct answer.

even though and on the other hand

but in addition however in conclusion
on the one hand whats more despite

2. Organise your ideas. Use the model in

Exercise 3 and the plan below.

PLAN
Recreating Extinct Animals
The woolly mammoth, which looked
like an elephant with long fur, became
extinct about 10,000 years ago.
1. But / However
, according to some scientists, it
could, in the near future, be recreated thanks to
sophisticated cloning techniques. Is this a good thing?
2. On the one hand
, animal cloning has provided
important information on how various types of cells
In addition / , many doctors believe that
develop. 3. Whats
more
amazing medical advances will be based on this new
knowledge. 4.On the other hand, there are still many
problems with cloning. The techniques are still not
and
perfect 5.
most cloning attempts fail.
6. Whats more /
, many cloned animals suffer from
In addition
birth defects and serious illnesses, which is why some
despite
people oppose cloning 7.
its potential
benefits. To recreate a long-extinct animal seems
especially cruel because it would lack companions, proper
food, and the correct environment and climate.
In conclusion, I dont think scientists should clone
extinct species. 8. Even though many people
including me would love to be able to see a woolly
mammoth and other long-extinct animals, I dont think
its fair to recreate them for our entertainment.

Opening: State the issue / controversy.

Body: Present arguments supporting one
side of the issue.
Present arguments supporting the
other side of the issue.
Closing: Sum up the topic and state your
opinion.
3. Write a rst draft.
4. Use the checklist to check your work.
Then write a nal draft. Accept all logical

and grammatically correct answers.

CHECKLIST

I followed the plan for a for and against

essay.
I used a variety of connectors of addition
and contrast.
I followed the rules for word order with
connectors.
I checked grammar, spelling and
punctuation.

See Writing Guide, Students Book page 155

41

Progress Check Unit 5

Vocabulary

Grammar

1. Match the words in I to their meanings in II.

5. Complete the sentences with a suitable

relative pronoun.

II

1. fee
2. lifestyle
3. short of
4. tame
5. habitat
6. lifelong
7. hectic

2
6
4
7
3
1

a. the way you live

b. for all your life
c. not afraid of people
d. very busy
e. not having enough
f. money paid for a job or
service

5 g. natural home of an animal

or plant

1. Ill come and pick up / rent my son soon.

2. Our living room is very cosy / wild on cold, wet
evenings.
3. Would the cub / owner of the blue car please
move it from the entrance?
4. Its very unkind to keep animals in small fads /
cages.
5. All big cats are conservations / predators.
6. The shop girl was serving a customer / cub
at the time.
3. Add a suitable prex to form the opposite
meaning of the adjectives below.

2.
3.

disadvantage
irrelevant
impossible

4.
5.
6.

2. He dreamed of the day when / that he would

get his first bicycle.
3. She was talking to the girl
works in the public library.

whose

4. Lets go to the area of the park

can walk our dog.

mother

where

we

5. Did you see the magician who / that made a

spoon disappear?
6. Im looking for a mobile phonewhich / that
takes photographs in the dark.

2. Choose the correct answer.

1.

1. I dont like people who / that lie to me.

unfair
inconvenient
illogical

4. Choose the correct answer. Pay attention to

the underlined words.

1. Hold your horses! Walk slower / faster.

2. Dont underestimate him. Hes as strong as /
stronger than he looks.

6. Complete the passage with a suitable relative

pronoun.

Cesar Millan, known as The Dog Whisperer, is a

man 1. who / that knows dogs. People
2.
whose dogs are badly behaved seek his help.
where
Cesar goes into dog owners homes 3.
he meets their dogs and watches how the owners and
their dogs interact. He reminds dog owners that dogs
are pack animals 4. which / that need a leader. When
a dog owner becomes the leader 5. who / that
the dog is looking for, the dog will feel safe and
behave well. Cesar claims that a dog is an animal
6.that / which
lives in a pack and thats how you
should treat it.

Writing
7. Complete the sentences with a logical ending.
Pay attention to the connectors in bold.

1. Ive decided to go abroad this year in spite of

Accept all logical and grammatically

correct answers.

2. Ive joined a yoga class as well as

.

3. She let the cat out of the bag. Now

everyone knows / very few people know
about it.

3. Were very pleased with our new house

although

4. Jason is an excellent student. Furthermore,

.

42

Unit 5

Progress Check Units1-5

Vocabulary

Grammar

1. Write T (True) or F (False) for each sentence.

Correct the false sentences.

3. Rewrite the sentences using the words in

brackets. Do not change the original meaning
of the sentences.

F 1. He reminded his mother to buy milk

because yesterday she remembered to do it.

1. This is my first time in a hot-air balloon. (never)

He reminded his mother to buy milk because

yesterday she didnt remember to do it.

Ive never been in a hot-air balloon.

T 2. The fact that he was breathing meant that

he was alive.

F 3. When you beat an opponent, he wins the

race. When you beat an opponent, he
loses the race. / When you beat an
opponent, you win the race.
F 4. The luxury hotel was cheap.
The luxury hotel wasnt cheap / was
expensive.
T 5. Fads dont last very long.
F 6. Our teacher is so open-minded that he

2. Were going to return home tomorrow. (by next

week)

By next week, well have returned home. /

Well have returned home by next week.
3. I havent flown since 2004. (the last time)

The last time I flew was in 2004.

4. She found her purse. She thought she had left it
on the bus. (which)

She found her purse, which she thought

she had left on the bus.
4. Complete the passage with the correct form of
the verbs in brackets.

wont listen to anything we say.

Our teacher is so open-minded that

he will listen to anything we say.
2. The following sentences dont make sense.
Make them logical by replacing the words
in bold with the correct word in bold from a
different sentence.

1. You can pretend this house from the

rent
beginning of the month.
2. The plastic bag remained on the risk of the
lake. surface
3. That animal might look wavy, but it doesnt
tame
like being with people.
4. She ran into the TV as soon as she got home.

switched on

Recently, a toy dog called Biscuit 1. has become

(become) the best selling toy in the U.K. Shops
2.have already sold
(already / sell) thousands of these dogs.
looks (look)
Biscuit is an electronic dog that 3.
4.
moves
(move) like a real dog.
and
It also 5. responds (respond) to voice commands
love
such as Sit and Lie down. Children 6.
7.
reacts (react)
(love) this toy dog because it
to them. Recently, the manufacturers 8.have warned
(warn) consumers that soon it 9. will be (be)
impossible to find this toy in any shop, due to the high
demand. Despite its high price (140), people still
10.
want
(want) to buy it.

5. The police dont have a single surface to help

clue
them solve the mystery.

Writing

6. My little brother likes to rent he is a dog.

5. Choose the correct answer.

pretend
7. I wish I had tame hair like you.
8. My biggest clue is growing old.

wavy
fear

9. George switched on his friend at the shopping

centre. ran into

1. We heard the news while / during our trip.

2. Although / Despite hes tired, he still wants to
go out.
3. We were sleeping when suddenly / eventually,
there was a loud noise outside.

10. Its too big a fear to take on your own.

risk

43