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Discussion Topics Skills Topics: Equipment And/or Technique For Performing A Particular Activity

The document discusses various topics related to information systems and technology including: - Course basics, the nature of technology and work, information systems components, people and organizations, databases, information, and telecommunications - Organizational trends like technology infusion, virtual environments, and management issues - The impact of technology on what we do, when/where/how tasks are done - Components of information systems including hardware, software, communications, data, and information - Types of information systems like transaction processing, decision support, office, and knowledge-base systems - Strategies for competitive advantage through technology leadership, innovation, and raising barriers

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23 views6 pages

Discussion Topics Skills Topics: Equipment And/or Technique For Performing A Particular Activity

The document discusses various topics related to information systems and technology including: - Course basics, the nature of technology and work, information systems components, people and organizations, databases, information, and telecommunications - Organizational trends like technology infusion, virtual environments, and management issues - The impact of technology on what we do, when/where/how tasks are done - Components of information systems including hardware, software, communications, data, and information - Types of information systems like transaction processing, decision support, office, and knowledge-base systems - Strategies for competitive advantage through technology leadership, innovation, and raising barriers

Uploaded by

jojoj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Discussion Topics

Skills Topics

Course Basics
Nature of Technology & Work
Information Systems
People/The Organization
Data/Data Bases
Information
Telecommunication Networks and
The Internet

Windows Desktop & File Management


Word Processing
Data Base
Presentation Graphics
Spreadsheet
Desktop Publishing
Internet Search
E -Mail
u

Organizational Trends

Technology Infusion

Virtual Environment

Management Issues

Reengineering

Total Quality Management

Health Issues

Follow up

Technologys Impact
. . . equipment and/or technique for

performing a particular activity. . .

Changed what we do

when its done

where its done

how its done

u
7

Information Systems

Components of Information Systems

. . . equipment and/or techniques that


accomplishes a task. . .

Hardware, software, and


communications tools that;
manage data,
create useful information and
communicate it.

Hardware
D
A
T
A

Information
Systems

Software

23

Communications

People/
Users

I
N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
u21

Why Information Systems?

Doing Things Efficiently & Effectively

Doing Things Smarter

Supporting Organizational Strategy

Advantage over Competition

Information Systems
Why Technology-based Information
Systems?
To provide users with appropriate
information that aids in making timely
decisions or taking actions

u
27

Strategy

Competitive Advantage

Johnson and Scholes (Exploring Corporate Strategy)


define strategy as follows:

Being the Leader by:

"Strategy is the direction and scope of


an organization over the long-term:
which achieves an advantage for the
organization through its configuration of
resources within a challenging
environment, to meet the needs of
markets and to fulfill stakeholder
expectations".

http://tutor2u.net/business/strategy/what_is_strategy.htm

28

Establishing A Strategy
Use Technology;
Deploying technologies thats:

Faster, Cheaper & Better than competitors

Innovate with technology

Raise Barriers
Establishing Alliances

p
39

Types Of Information Systems

Competitive Strategies
Types of Strategies:

Low-Cost Leader

Best prices on goods/services


Examples: Frys, BigLots, Tuesday Morning

Differentiation

Decision
Support
Systems
(1970)

Office
information
Systems
(1980)

Selective products or services


Examples: SuperCuts, American Tire Co

Management
Information
Systems
(1960)

Knowledge-Base
(expert)
Systems
(1980s)

Transaction Processing
Systems
(1950s)

Value Provider (middle-of-the-road)

Reasonable quality, competitive prices


Example: Marie Calendar, I-Hop, Kohls

p
40

Computer-Assisted
Systems
(1980s)

42

IS Reports

IS Reports

Detailed

Custom

Summarized

Audit &
Predictive

Periodic
Demand
Exception

p
58

Information Systems People

59

Users Need

Access to Transaction Data

Summarized and/or pre defined

Knowledge Workers

Static information online or printed

Managers

The ability to refresh reports

Clients

Vendors

And Others

Users

Systems Professionals

Other Professionals

To enter parameters to achieve highlevel research and analysis

67

User Need cont.

Ability to develop their own ad hoc


queries and OLAP analysis
Full privileges to explore and analyze
data
Ability to develop and manage BI
applications

68

People Competency

Technology

Business

hardware, software, networking


Products and services, management,
social, communications

Systems

Process Integration, critical thinking,


problem solving, development methods

70

Organization Structure

Organization Pillars

Strategic

Purpose

Tactical

Mission

Operational

Vision
p

73

74

Data, Information & Knowledge

Data/Information/Knowledge Cycle

Data

Information

The raw facts; word(s), values,


actions, symbols, etc.
Logical output of a Transaction
Processing System where Data is
collected, organized and reported

Knowledge

The understanding of information - To


Enable

p
89

94

Data Elements & Processes

Knowledge

Components Defines data


Data Flows

The movement or flow of data through


the system

Knowledge - the application of reasoned


analysis of information, and
Information does not produce
knowledge

Processing Logic

Steps and rules used to transform data


into information

Knowledge implies synthesis of


information
Therefore, useful knowledge must be;

p
96

Complete
Accurate
Relevant and
Timely

Information

Information Classes

What is Information?

Class 1 Derived from quantifiable facts

. . . The logical result of processing,

manipulating and organizing data in a


way that adds to the knowledge of the
receiver. . . .

Events and Transactions


Demographics
Product Reliability Statistics

Class 2 - From not quantifiable facts

Descriptions; person or object


How things are done
Observations

112

Users Responses to Information

Interpret
Understand
Correlate
Extrapolate
Decide
Take Action

113

Information Impact
Enables;

Problem Detection

Decision Making

Productivity Enhancements &

Knowledge Work

114

Communications Development

Establish the purpose and audience

Establish the major points

115

Data Types

Research and gather facts into a draft


document (Skeletonize)

Consider an appropriate method &


media

Revise, Edit & Proof

Insure Readability & Understandability

Quantitative Numerical values

250

Counts
Measures
Constants & Variables

Qualitative Word or phase descriptions


Visual Characteristic of Data

Data vs. Information


Data
Deposits, withdrawals, interest, and service
charges for a certain month, plus the forwarding
balance from the previous month
Moving images, dialog, music, and commentary
Titles, subtitles, words, paragraphs, quotations,
and pictures
Names, email address, SID, phone number,
department, course, course-id, course-name
section, quarter, year, days
Loud obnoxious noises, a black and white vehicle
behind your vehicle, a uniform person driving,
blue lights flashing, PULL OVER on the speaker.

Information Purpose
Information

Information

Bank Statement

Bank Statement

Television News
Report
Newspaper
Report
Class Roster
A police vehicle
directing you to
pull over

Student Traits

Exceptional

Acceptable

Needs Work

Unacceptable

Purpose

Reports how much money you had in your


account at the beginning of the month, the
amounts that you deposited or withdrew during
the month, bank charges, and how much you
have now.
Television News
Communicates (or tries to communicate) the
Report
what, when, how and (perhaps why of an event
to the audience.
Newspaper Report To inform the public
Class Roster
Provides the professor with name and contact
information for class members
Year-End Report
Attempts to tell an audience how well the
organization did in the previous year, why, and
what to expect in the future.

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