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    Suspension Cable Bridge System

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    Suspension Cable Bridge System

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    Nur Syahira
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    Suspension Cable Bridge System

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

    UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA


    PAHANG
    LABORATORY MANUAL

    COURSE

    BASIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS LABORATORY

    COURSE CODE

    ECS258

    LEVEL OF OPENNESS

    CATEGORY

    TRADITIONAL

    DEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%)

    PERIOD OF ACTIVITY

    1 WEEK (WEEK 9)

    TITLE

    SUSPENSION CABLE SYSTEM

    1.1 Introduction
    The traditional methods of conducting laboratory activities (assigned as Level 0)
    will not be able to provide the avenue for students to enhance independent
    learning activities and inculcate creativity and innovation. The traditional method is
    fully prescriptive where the three elements namely problem, ways & means and
    answers are provided/fully given to the students. However, it is still necessary to
    be implemented as part of the whole laboratory course activity especially to first
    and second year students.
    In this laboratory activity students will be exposed to the apparatus and the
    procedures to carry out experiment on a suspension cable system.
    1.2 Objective
    To determine the relationship between applied load and the tensile force in
    the suspension cable.
    PREAMBLE

    1.3 Learning Outcomes


    At the end of the laboratory activities, students would be able to:
    1. Identify and use the correct apparatus/tools to carry out experiment on
    suspension bridge.
    2. Analyse the collected data correctly and present in proper technical format
    3. Work in a group to undertake the task and produce the technical report.
    1.4 Theoretical Background
    The suspension cable must be anchored at each end of the bridge, since any load
    applied to the bridge is transformed into a tension in these main cables. The main
    cables continue beyond the pillars to deck-level supports and further continue to
    connections with anchors in the ground. The main forces in a suspension bridge
    are tension in the main cables and compression in the pillars. The following
    formula is needed to analyse your results:

    FKA, UiTM, PAHANG

    Dec 2015

    FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM


    UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
    PAHANG
    LABORATORY MANUAL
    2-Hinged Stiffened Girder:
    Maximum tension in the cable occurs at the support:

    Where; W = The magnitude of the UDL (N/m)


    L = The bridge deck span (m)
    d = The dip of the cable (m)
    2.0 Problem Statement
    PROBLEM
    STATEMENT

    Students are required to determine the relationship between applied load and the
    tensile force in the suspension cable.
    3.1 Apparatus
    Suspension Bridge

    Figure 9.1: Suspension Bridge Set-up

    Cable stopper, Load cells, Digital force display

    3.2 Procedures
    WAYS &
    MEANS

    .Experiment: 2-Hinged Stiffened Girder

    FKA, UiTM, PAHANG

    1. Check the profile for the bridge to be tested and where necessary set
    the cable position as detailed in the Figure 9.2.

    Dec 2015

    FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM


    UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
    PAHANG
    LABORATORY MANUAL

    Figure 9.2: 2-Hinged Stiffened Girder Set-up


    2. Remove the two support pier so that it is not in contact with the bridge
    deck.
    3. Switch on the digital display unit.
    4. Check the cable stopper to make sure that there is no gap between
    the stopper and the horizontal member. Tightened the screw on the
    stopper to prevent it from sliding during loading.
    5. Connect the load cells to the digital display each load cell occupying 1
    channel of the display.
    6. Record the initial reading of each load cell.
    7. Place a uniformly distributed load on the bridge deck and wait until
    the digital display reading remain constant.
    8. Record the magnitude of the uniformly distributed load and the
    reading of each load cell.
    9. Increase the magnitude of the uniformly distributed load and repeat
    step 7 to 9.
    10. Preferably repeat the above experiment to obtain the average
    readings of the measured values.

    3.3 Data Acquisition


    All data collected from the tests may be recorded into the following tables.
    Experiment 2 a: 2-Hinged Stiffened Girder
    Span of Bridge
    Dip

    FKA, UiTM, PAHANG

    : 1040 mm
    : 162 mm

    Dec 2015

    FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM


    UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
    PAHANG
    LABORATORY MANUAL
    Table 9.1: The experimental case data

    UDL, w
    (N/m)

    Cable Tension at Support (N)


    Left Pulley
    Right Pulley
    Load Cell
    Actual
    Load Cell
    Actual
    Reading
    Tension
    Reading
    Tension

    Actual tension in cable = Current reading Initial reading (ie. Reading at 0


    load)
    Table 9.2: The experimental and theoretical case data
    UDL, w
    (N/m)

    Cable Tension at Support (N)


    Left Pulley
    Right Pulley
    Experimental
    Theoretical
    Experimental
    Theoretical

    4.0 Results, Analysis and Conclusion


    The group is required to submit the technical report of the laboratory results
    highlighting the data acquisition process, analysis carried out and the relevancy of
    the set-out output to achieve the objective.

    RESULTS

    Using data in Table 9.1 and Table 9.2, plot the graph of cable tension against load
    for the experimental and theoretical case. Draw the best fit curve to pass through
    the plotted points. Calculate the percentage error between theoretical and
    experimental result.
    The report must incorporate the followings:
    i.

    All data recorded must be tabulated in the given form provide and the
    graph plotted on the graph.
    ii. Any calculation must be clearly shown.
    iii. Discuss on the results and state your conclusion
    The report must be submitted 7 days after the completion of the test.

    FKA, UiTM, PAHANG

    Dec 2015

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