Enggcyclopedia>Blog>ProcessDesign>ProcessDeliverables>TypicalprocessdatasheetforRestrictionOrifice

TypicalprocessdatasheetforRestrictionOrifice
MeasuringOrificePlate
testflowpressureforpetroleumPressurePN16Temperature10120C

TheRestrictionOrificeisaplatethatisusedtorestricttheflowandkillpressuredownstreamoftheorifice.ProcessInstrumentdatasheetsare
developedtoenabletheinstrumentationengineerstopreparedocumentationrequiredforinquiryandpurchaseofinstruments.Theprocess
datasheetwillbeattachedtoandformpartofthepurchaseorder.

Contentsofarestrictionorificedatasheet
Thecontentsincludedinarestrictionorificedatasheetareasfollows:

Identification
TagNo:TransferredfromtheP&IDsystemtotheengineeringdatabasesystem.
Service:Adescriptionofthedutysuchthatthefunctionofthefunctionoftheflowelement
anditsplaceintheprocesssystemcanbeunderstood.
Area:Thisentryisusedtodeterminewhichfabricationyardtheinstrumentisdeliveredto.
P&IDNoandLine/Equipment:thisentryistransferredfromtheP&IDsystem
SupplierandModel

EquipmentConditions
Linesize:Inlet&outlet:Theselinesizesarethenominalupstreamanddownstreamlinesizes.
LineRating:Inlet&outlet:ThisistheANSIflangeratingofthepipingupstreamanddownstreamoftheflowelemente.g.300lb(Imperialunits)
orPN50(Metricjobs).Thisisthesamebothupstreamanddownstream.

DesignTemperature/Pressure:Minimumandmaximumdesigntemperatures/pressuretobeentered,consistentwithlinelistinformationforthe
line.
Materialin/out:Materialinupstream/downstreampipingoftheorifice.
FluidFlowing:Ashortdescriptionofthetypeoffluide.g."seawater","crudeoil"or"hydrocarbongas".
Forutilityservices,the"servicecode"descriptionofthemediumincludedinthepipinglinenumbercanbeusedhere.
Phase:Thisshouldbeselectedfromoneofthefollowingdependingofwhichbestrepresentstheserviceintheorifice:
Liquid
Flashingliquid
Liquidandvapour
Condensingvapour
Vapour
CorrosiveCompounds:theimportantinformationabouttheflowingfluidwhichshouldbeawareof.Thefollowingshouldbementioned:
salineproducedwater(duetoriskofSCCandscalelaydown)
scale
sand
hydrogensulphide(onlyinNACEmaterialsarerequired)
hydrogen(ifhydrogenembrittlementisaproblem)
wetcarbondioxide
acidpickling(iflineispartofacircuitwhichistobepickled)
oxygenatorsasMeOH,MEGandTEFlowrateperorifice:G

OperatingConditions
Flowrate:Thisflowdefinesthethreesizingcaseforthefloworifice
Temperature:Theinlettemperaturetotheorificeforthedesignflowcase.
InletPressure:Thetotalpressureattheinlettotheflowelement.Thismustbetakenfromthesystemhydrauliccalculations,andmusttake
accountofstaticheadandfrictionlossesontheinlettotheorifice.
Pressuredrop:Thetotalpressuredropovertheorificetakenfromsystemhydrauliccalculation(e.g.reliefnetworkcalculations).
SpecificGravityatoperatingtemperature:Theratiooftheactualdensityoftheliquidtothedensityreferenceofareferencesubstanceata
specificcondition(wateratstandardconditions1000kg/m3).

LiquidViscosityattemperature:Generallytakenfromassociatedprocessequipmentdatasheets(heatexchangers,pumps,vessels).Theliquid
viscosityisofnorealinteresttothesizingprovidedthefluidflowisfullyturbulent(i.e.almostallcasesinoffshoredesignexceptforhighly
viscous,waxycrudes).Theimportantthingthenisconsistencywithotherdocumentation.
VapourPressure:Thisvalueiscriticalforanyliquidwhichisneartoequilibriumuponenteringtheorificeforthepurposeofevaluatingthe
potentialforcavitation.Thesourceisgenerallysimulationofhydrocarbonliquids,orreferencedataforpureliquids(wateretc.)andfuels.
LiquidCriticalPressure:Theliquidcriticalpressureisusedinorificecalculationsforflashingaspartoftheroutinetocalculatetheminimum
pressureintheorifice.Itcanusuallybecontainedfromtheprocesssimulationsforoilandgasstreams,orfromhandbooksforwaterandother
liquids.
VapourMolecularWeight:Usedforgasdensitydetermination,andobtainedfromflowsheetsorprocessdatasheets.
Vapourcompressibilityfactor:Thisistheratioofidealgasdensitytoactualgasdensityatoperatingconditions.
VapourSpecificHeatRatio:Obtainedfromthecorrelationforhydrocarbongasesbaseduponreducedpressureandtemperatureandmolecular
weight.Thereducedpressureandtemperatureoftheprocessstreamcanbededucedfrom"Process"simulations,wherecriticalvaluesaregiven.
Typicalvaluesforhydrocarbonareintherangeof1.25to1.35,1.40forair,and1.41fornitrogen.Thisvalueisusedinthecapacitycalculationas
aninputtothe"expansionfactor"bythevendor,andisanintegralpartofallexpandinggasfluidflowsituations.
VapourActualDensity:Thisisthegasdensityatoperatingconditions,usedbyinstrumentationengineersintheircalculations.
VapourViscosityattemperature:Thisisthegasviscosityatoperatingconditions,generallytakenfromprocesssimulationsorfromassociated
processequipmentdatasheets(e.g.heatexchangers,pumps,vessels).
Flashacrossorifice:Thisistheincreaseinvapourfractionacrosstheorifice.Ifnovapourisdefinedattheinlet,ortheflashisgreaterthan
around10%,theoutletvapourpropertiesshouldbeincludedasanote.Iftheflashisnegative(i.e.retrogradecondensation)thenthenegative
valueshouldbeconfirmedandexplainedasanote
Maximumflowingpressuredrop:Thisisimportanttocalculatecorrectthicknessoftheorificeplate.
AtypicalprocessdatasheetforRestrictionOrificeisgivenasfollow:

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