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Curve Tracing PDF

This document provides instructions for tracing curves given their Cartesian equations. It discusses examining a curve's symmetry, passing through the origin, intersecting the axes, regions where it does not exist, asymptotes, and tangents. Specific steps are outlined, such as determining symmetry by replacing x and y with their negatives, finding the tangent at the origin by setting the lowest degree terms to zero, intersecting the axes by setting y and x to zero, and identifying asymptotes by setting coefficients of highest degree terms to zero. An example problem demonstrates tracing the curve defined by the equation y2(2a - x) = x3.

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9K views4 pages

Curve Tracing PDF

This document provides instructions for tracing curves given their Cartesian equations. It discusses examining a curve's symmetry, passing through the origin, intersecting the axes, regions where it does not exist, asymptotes, and tangents. Specific steps are outlined, such as determining symmetry by replacing x and y with their negatives, finding the tangent at the origin by setting the lowest degree terms to zero, intersecting the axes by setting y and x to zero, and identifying asymptotes by setting coefficients of highest degree terms to zero. An example problem demonstrates tracing the curve defined by the equation y2(2a - x) = x3.

Uploaded by

Aman Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CurveTracing

INDEX

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CurveTracing

Home
METHODOFTRACINGACURVE
Contact
Guestbook
Divisibilityby7
Howtouselogtable

WhoseequationisinCartesianform.
1.Symmetry
(i)Acurveissymmetricalaboutxaxisiftheequationremainsthesamebyreplacingyby
y.hereyshouldhaveevenpowersonly.
Forexampley2=4ax.
(ii)ItissymmetricalaboutyaxisifitcontainsonlyevenpowersofxForexamplex2=4ay.
(iii)Ifoninterchangingxandy,theequationremainsthesamethenthecurveis
symmetricalabouttheline.y=x,Forexamplex3+y3=3axy

CurveTracing
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(iv)Acurveissymmetricalintheoppositequadrantsifitsequationremainsthe
samewhenxandyreplacedbyxandy.Forexampley=x3
2.(a)CurvethroughOrigin
Thecurvepassesthroughtheorigin,iftheequationdoesnotcontainconstantterm.
Forexamplethecurvey2=4axpassesthroughtheorigin.

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2(b)Tangentsattheorigin:

Toknowthenatureofamultiplepointitnecessarytofindthetangent
atthatpoint.
Theequationofthetangentattheorigincanbeobtainedbyequatingto
zero,thelowestdegreetermintheequationofthecurve.
3.Thepointsofintersectionwiththeaxes
(i)Byputtingy=0intheequationofthecurvewegetthecoordinates
ofthepointofintersectionwiththexaxis.
(ii)Byputtingx=0intheequationofthecurvetheordinateofthe
pointofintersectionwiththeyaxisisobtainedbysolvingthenew
equation.
4.Regionsinwhichthecurvedoesnotlie.
Ifthevalueofyisimaginaryforcertainvalueofxthenthecurvedoes
notexistforsuchvalues.
Example.y2=4x
Example.a2x2=y3(2ay).
Fornegativevalueofx,yisimaginarysothereisnocurveissecondand
thirdquadrant.
1. (i)Fory>2axisimaginarysothereisnocurveinsecondandthird

quadrant

2. (ii)Fornegativevalues,ofy,xisimaginary.Thereisnocurvein

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3rdand4thquadrant.

y=sinx

5.Asymptotesarethetangentstothecurveatinfinity.
(a)Asymptoteparalleltothexaxisisobtainedbyequatingtozero,
thecoefficientofthehighestpowerofx.
Forexampleyx24x2+x+2=0
(y4)x2+x+2=0
Thecoefficientofthehighestpowerofxi.e.x2isy4=0
y4=0istheasymptoteparalleltothexaxis.
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(b)Asymptoteparalleltotheyaxisisobtainedtozero,the
coefficientofhighestpowerofy.
Forexample
xy32y3+y2+x2+2=0
(x2)y3+y2+x2+2=0
Thecoefficientofthehighestpowerofy.i.e.y3isx2.
X2=0istheasymptoteparalleltoyaxis.
6.Tangent.
Put0=dx/dyforthepointswheretangentisparalleltothexaxis.
Forexamplex2+y24x+4y1=0(1)
2x+2ydxdy4+4dxdy=0
(2y+4)dx/dy=42xordx/dy=4224+yx
Nowdxdy=0.42x=0orx=2
Puttingx=2in(1),wegety2+4y5=0
y=1,5
Thetangentsareparalleltoxaxisatthepoints(2,1)and(2,5).
7.Table.
Prepareatableforcertainvaluesofxandyanddrawthecurvepassing
throughthem.
Forexampley2=4x+4
x

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23

Example.Tracethecurvey2(2ax)=x3
Solution:y2=x3/(2ax)..(1)
(i) Origin: Equation does not contain any constant term therefore, it passes
throughorigin.
(ii) Symmetrical about xaxis: Equation contains only even powers of y
therefore,itissymmetricalaboutxaxis.
(iii)Tangent at the origin: Equation of the tangent is obtained by equating to
zerothelowestdegreetermsintheequation(1).
2ay2xy2=x3
Equationoftangent:
2ay2=0y2=0
(v)Asymptoteparalleltoyaxis:Equationofasymptoteisobtainedby
equatingthecoefficientoflowestdegreeofy.
2ay2xy2=x3or(2ax)y2=x3
Eq.Ofasymptoteis2ax=0orx=2a.
(vi)Regionofabsenceofcurve:y2becomesnegativeonputtingx>2aorx<0,
therefore,thecurvedoesnotexistforx<0andx>2a.

SomemoreExamples

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Example.TracethewitchofAgnesixy2=a2(ax).

Example.Tracestrophoidx(x 2+y2)=a(x 2y2)

Example.TracetheFoliumofDescartesx 3+y3=3axy

Example.Tracey2(a 2+x 2)=x 2(a 2x 2)

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