AND8132/D

Performance Improvements
to the NCP1012
Evaluation Board
http://onsemi.com
Prepared by: Bc. Jan Grulich
EMEA Application Lab
SCG CDC Roznov, Czech Republic

APPLICATION NOTE

application note describes modifications to the basic circuit

to reduce standby power consumption, increase efficiency,
and reduce EMI.

This application note uses the standard NCP1012

evaluation board, referenced in the NCP10101014 data
sheet. The board includes only the core components needed
to demonstrate the operation of the NCP101x; the
C1
2n2/Y

1N4007
1N4007
R2
150 k

D1 D2

E1
10
/400 V

R1
47 R

1
2

E2

J1
CEE7.5/2

1 TR1 8
7
D5
U160

E3
470
/25 V
4

2
GND
3
GND
7
GND

HV
FB
GND

2
1

6
5

IC1
NCP1012
VCC

D6
B150

ZD1
11 V
5
4

IC2
PC817

J2
CZM5/2

R3
100 R
R4
180 R

D3 D4
1N4007
10
/63 V
1N4007

C2
2n2/Y

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Demo Board

Figure 2. PCB Component Placement

Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2003

August, 2003 Rev. 0

Publication Order Number:

AND8132/D

AND8132/D
circuit, the feedback loop operating current and various
transformer losses. Of these, only the feedback loop
operating current and drain clamp circuit can easily be
modified.
The feedback loop operating current must be calculated
properly to achieve good DC voltage stability, adequate
dynamic response and acceptable noise immunity. For the
simplest case zener type feedback a typical operating
current is 4.06.0 mA. This method is used in the demo
board, resulting in 695 mW of standby consumption at
325 VDC. By reducing the operating current of the loop, the
standby consumption is reduced, but with negative effects
on the noise immunity and accuracy. For example, when bias
resistor R4 is removed, the operating current is as low as
335
A and standby consumption is reduced to 314 mW. In
this case circuit operation is still in the nonburst mode, so
although the voltage stability is not as good there is still low
AC ripple at the output.
A more complicated, but more accurate, solution is based
on the TLV431 shunt regulator. This regulator operates
correctly at an operating current as low as 100
A. When
used for this design, at no load, due to the high gain, it
operates in burst mode. In this mode the complete design has
standby consumption as low as 100 mW, but the output
voltage is unstable, with noise and AC ripple, as shown in
Figure 4.
Output voltage waveforms for both feedback solutions:

The evaluation board demonstrates the NCP1012 in a

7.0 W SMPS with the universal input voltage range
(85 VAC265 VAC) and an output of 12 V. The schematic
of the SMPS is shown in Figure 1, and the component
placement in Figure 2. The tested performance of the
unmodified board is shown below:
Item

Test 1

Test 2

Vin DC (V)

125

325

Iin DC (mA)

66

25.1

Pin (W)

8.25

8.15

Vout DC (V)

11.99

12.1

Iout DC (mA)

520

520

Pout (W)

6.24

6.29

Efficiency (%)

75.6

77.1

Standby (mW)

638.3

695.6

Feedback Stability: The regulation was tested for stability

over the full input voltage range (85 VAC265 VAC) with
a load of 550 mA. No instability was found.
Standby Consumption

Standby power consumption is one of the most important

parameters for an SMPS under low or noload conditions.
In the demo board the main sources of standby power
consumption are the NCP1012 Vcc supply, the drain clamp

Figure 3. Zener Feedback

Figure 4. TLV431 Feedback

P6KE200A or SA170A, or the SMD versions of both

P6SMB200AT3 and 1SMB170AT3 respectively. This
clamp consists of a high voltage zener diode, or a TVS with
an ultrafast rectifier diode in series. The zener clamp voltage
is usually set to around 200 V. Using this clamp, the power
consumption is significantly reduced. With R4 connected,
the consumption is 526 mW at 300 V DC input voltage
versus 306 mW with R4 disconnected. The active clamp
allows greater reduction of standby power, but is more
expensive than the simple RDC clamp.

There are various ways to design the drain clamp circuit.

The RDC clamp, used in the evaluation board, is the
cheapest and most widely used. This clamp dissipates the
peak energy from the transformer and part of the
transformed energy. The peak energy need to be dissipated,
but the transformed energy not. In case of the demo board
this clamp is used. With R4 connected the consumption at
325 V DC input voltage is 695 mW. When R4 is removed,
the consumption is reduced to 314 mW.
Another approach is to use a TVS (transient voltage
suppressor) clamp. Recommended parts include ONs

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2

AND8132/D
example, an EMI filter is not necessary for the basic function
of the SMPS, but it is mandatory for a realworld design.
Figure 5 shows the EMI performance for the basic demo
board before any modification; conducted emissions at the
input are well above the maximum allowed by EN500811.
When a 47 nF suppression capacitor X2 is added at the
input, the magnitude of the EMI is dramatically reduced.
The result is shown in Figure 6. This solution may be usable
if X2 is increased to 100 nF or more.

This TVS clamp solution has positive results not only on

the standby consumption, but also on the efficiency both
under normal operation and light load conditions. At
100 mA output current and 325 V DC input voltage, the
input power drops from 2.94 W with the RDC clamp to
2.83 W with the TVS clamp. For higher output powers the
benefit is not so significant.
If the demo board design is intended for production,
improvements in EMI performance are needed. For

Figure 5. No EMI Filter

Figure 6. X2 47 n Capacitor at Input

Further improvement results from adding an LC filter L1

and E2 between the rectifier bridge and the bulk capacitor
E1, as shown in Figure 7.

PCB layout guidelines are followed. Figure 8 shows the

improvement in conducted emissions as a result of adding
capacitor X2 and coil L1 only; Figure 9 shows the result of
implementing the complete EMI filter.

1N4007
1N4007

D2
D4

J1
CEE7.5/2

E1
10
/400 V
E2
10
/400 V

X2
47 n
D3

1
2

D1

R1
47 R

L1
2, 2 mH

1N4007
1N4007

Figure 7. Complete EMI Filter

With L1 and E2, EMI radiation is reduced by more than

20 dB
V. This design is acceptable for production if good

Figure 8. Coil + X2 Capacitor

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AND8132/D

Figure 9. Complete EMI Filter

Bills of material used for the standard and TVS versions of the demo board:
Standard Version
Part

Value

TVS Version
Package

Manuf.

Part

MMM

Value

Package

Manuf.

MMM

C1

2n2/Y2

R41

Arcotronics

C1

NU

C2

2n2/Y2

R41

Arcotronics

C2

2n2/Y2

R41

Arcotronics

D1

1N4007

DO41

ON Semiconductor

D1

1N4007

DO41

ON Semiconductor

D2

1N4007

DO41

ON Semiconductor

D2

1N4007

DO41

ON Semiconductor

D3

1N4007

DO41

ON Semiconductor

D3

1N4007

DO41

ON Semiconductor

D4

1N4007

DO41

ON Semiconductor

D4

1N4007

DO41

ON Semiconductor

D5

MUR160

5904

ON Semiconductor

D5

MUR160

5904

ON Semiconductor

D6

MBR150

5904

ON Semiconductor

D6

MBR150

5904

ON Semiconductor

E1

10
/400 V

NHG

Panasonic

E1

10
/400 V

NHG

Panasonic

E2

10
/63 V

KMG

Nippon

E2

10
/63 V

KMG

Nippon

E3

470
/25 V

KMF

Nippon

E3

470
/25 V

KMF

Nippon

IC1

NCP1012

DIP 7

ON Semiconductor

IC1

NCP1012

DIP 7

ON Semiconductor

IC2

PC817

DIP 4

Sharp

IC2

PC817

DIP 4

Sharp

J1

CEE7.5/2

CEE7,5/2

Various

J1

CEE7.5/2

CEE7,5/2

Various

J2

CZM5/2

CZM5/2

Various

J2

CZM5/2

CZM5/2

Various

R1

47 R

RM10

Vishay

R1

47 R

RM10

Vishay

R2

150 k

RM12,5

Vishay

R2

P6KE200A

SURMETIC 40

ON Semiconductor

R3

100 R

RM6,35

Vishay

R3

100 R

RM6,35

Vishay

R4

180 R

RM6,35

Vishay

R4

180 R

RM6,35

Vishay

TR1

TRNCP1012

EF16 Hor.

P&V Elektronic

TR1

TRNCP1012

EF16 Hor.

P&V Elektronic

ZD1

1N5241B

DO204AH

ON Semiconductor

ZD1

1N5241B

DO204AH

ON Semiconductor

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AND8132/D

Notes

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5

AND8132/D

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AND8132/D