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    Japanese Time Expression

    Uploaded by

    ers_chan
    This document provides examples of how to ask and express times in Japanese using noun and verb sentence structures. It gives common phrases for asking what time it is now, asking or stating operating hours or schedules, and asking about waking/sleeping times using time-related nouns or verbs. Key particles like から and まで are explained for expressing time ranges. Lists are also included showing which Japanese time expressions require the particle に and which do not when used in verb sentences.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Japanese Time Expression

    Uploaded by

    ers_chan
    862 views5 pages
    This document provides examples of how to ask and express times in Japanese using noun and verb sentence structures. It gives common phrases for asking what time it is now, asking or stating operating hours or schedules, and asking about waking/sleeping times using time-related nouns or verbs. Key particles like から and まで are explained for expressing time ranges. Lists are also included showing which Japanese time expressions require the particle に and which do not when used in verb sentences.

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    Japanese time expression explanation.

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    This document provides examples of how to ask and express times in Japanese using noun and verb sentence structures. It gives common phrases for asking what time it is now, asking or stating operating hours or schedules, and asking about waking/sleeping times using time-related nouns or verbs. Key particles like から and まで are explained for expressing time ranges. Lists are also included showing which Japanese time expressions require the particle に and which do not when used in verb sentences.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    862 views5 pages

    Japanese Time Expression

    Uploaded by

    ers_chan
    This document provides examples of how to ask and express times in Japanese using noun and verb sentence structures. It gives common phrases for asking what time it is now, asking or stating operating hours or schedules, and asking about waking/sleeping times using time-related nouns or verbs. Key particles like から and まで are explained for expressing time ranges. Lists are also included showing which Japanese time expressions require the particle に and which do not when used in verb sentences.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Japanese time expression using Noun sentence

    "What is the time now?" How to say it in Japanese? The simplest is to use the following Noun sentence
    expression...

    Topic
    Topic wa ima nanji desu ka
    Meaning: What is the time now in Topic?

    For example, you can say...


    Question:
    nihon wa ima nanji desu ka
    Meaning: What is the time now in Japan?
    Answer:
    nihon wa ima gogo sanji desu
    Meaning: It is 3pm now in Japan.

    Japanese Time Expression using (kara) and (made)


    You can use the particles (kara) and (made) to state the time frame from which an event occurs.
    You can use the following expressions...

    Topic
    Topic wa nanji kara desu ka
    Meaning: What is the starting time for Topic?
    Topic
    Topic wa nanji made desu ka
    Meaning: What is the ending time for Topic?
    Topic
    Topic wa nanji kara nanji made desu ka
    Meaning: What is the starting and ending time for Topic?

    The above expressions are best used to ask for the operating time for supermarkets, banks, clinics or
    works, etc.
    Question:
    ginkou wa nanji kara desu ka
    Meaning: What is the opening time for the bank?)
    Answer:
    ginkou wa gozen kuji kara desu
    Meaning: The bank opens at 9am.
    Question:

    shigoto wa nanji made desu ka


    Meaning: What is the time that your work ends?
    Answer:
    shigoto wa goji made desu
    Meaning: My work ends at 5pm.
    Question:
    su-pa- wa nanji kara nanji made desu ka
    Meaning: What is the operating time for the supermarket?
    Answer:
    su-pa wa gozen juuji kara gogo juuji made desu
    Meaning: The supermarket opens at 10am and closes at 10pm.
    If you want to ask about which day the bank is closed, use the following expression...
    Question:
    ginkou no yasuminohi wa nanyoubi desu ka
    Meaning: What is the rest day for the bank?
    Answer:
    ginkou no yasuminohi wa doyoubi to nichiyoubi desu
    Meaning: The rest days for the bank are Saturday and Sunday.
    Similarly, to ask which month, you can say (nangatsu).
    Generally, if you want to ask when something will be happened without specifying hour, day or month, the
    question word is (itsu). For example...
    Question:
    yasuminohi wa itsu desu ka
    Meaning: When is your rest day?

    Japanese Time Expression using Verb Sentence


    When using verb sentence to ask about starting or ending time, what time someone wake up or go to bed,
    use the following expressions...

    Topic
    Topic wa nanjini hajimarimasu ka
    Meaning: When does the Topic start?
    Topic
    Topic wa nanjini owarimasu ka
    Meaning: When does the Topic end?
    Topic
    Topic wa nanjini okimasu ka
    Meaning: When does the Topic wake up?
    Topic
    Topic wa nanjini nemasu ka
    Meaning: When does the Topic go to bed?

    For example...
    Question:
    jugyou wa nanjini hajimarimasu ka
    Meaning: When is the lesson starts?
    Question:
    jugyou wa nanjini owarimasu ka
    Meaning: When is the lesson ends?
    Question:
    anata wa nanjini okimasu ka
    Meaning: When do you wake up?
    Question:
    anata wa nanjini nemasu ka
    Meaning: When do you go to bed?
    Point to note is that when using verb sentence for Japanese time expression, you must use the particle
    (ni ). However, there are certain time expressions where (ni) is not required. See below (end of this page)
    for the lists.
    Normally for verb sentence, the format isObjec t V erb. However, the above 4 verbs...
    1. (hajimarimasu) - start
    2. (owarimasu) - end
    3. (okimasu) - wake up
    4. (nemasu) - go to bed
    ... are some exceptions where the object is not required.
    Typically a verb sentence with Japanese time expression will be...

    Topic Ti me Expres s i on() Object Verb

    Let use some examples to show the above expression...

    watashi wa maiasa shichijini asagohan wo tabemasu


    Meaning: I eat breakfast at 7am every morning.

    watashi wa mainichi ko-hi- wo sanbai nomimasu


    Meaning: I drink 3 cups of coffee every day.

    watashi wa maishuu suiyoubini sentaku wo shimasu


    Meaning: I do my washing/laundry every Wednesday.

    watashi wa konban eiga wo mimasu


    Meaning: I am going to watch movie tonight.

    You can also use the general question word (itsu) to ask about timing with verb sentence instead of
    asking the specific time for the Japanese time expression...
    Question:
    anata wa itsu nihon e ikimasu ka
    Meaning: When do you go to Japan?
    Or you can ask directly which month and which day with verb sentence...
    Question:
    anata wa nangatsu nannichini nihon e ikimas ka
    Meaning: What is the date that you go to Japan?
    Answer:
    watashi wa hachigatsu futsukani nihon e ikimasu
    Meaning: I go to Japan on 2nd of August.
    The following 2 lists show those Japanese time expressions that require the particle (ni )and those that
    do not require (ni ).
    Japanese time expressions that require (ni) for verb sentence
    Kanji

    H i ragana

    Romaji

    Meani ng

    1.

    ~nen

    ~Year

    2.

    ~gatsu

    ~Month

    3.

    tsuitachi

    1st day of the month

    4.

    ~ka

    ~Day

    5.

    ~nichi

    ~Day

    6.

    ~youbi

    ~Day of the Week

    7.

    ~ji

    ~Hour

    8.

    ~fun

    ~Minute

    9.

    yasuminohi

    Rest Day/Off Day

    10.

    hiruyasumi

    Lunch Break

    11.

    natsuyasumi

    Summer Vacation

    12.

    fuyuyasumi

    Winter Vacation

    13.

    tanjoubi

    Birthday

    Japanese time expressions thatD ON 'Trequire (ni) for verb sentence


    Kanji

    H i ragana

    Romaji

    Meani ng

    1.

    kyonen

    Last Year

    2.

    kotoshi

    This Year

    3.

    rainen

    Next Year

    4.

    sengetsu

    Last Month

    5.

    kongetsu

    This Month

    6.

    raigetsu

    Next Month

    7.

    senshuu

    Last Week

    8.

    konshuu

    This Week

    9.

    raishuu

    Next Week

    10.

    ototoi

    The Day Before Yesterday

    11.

    kinou

    Yesterday

    12.

    kyou

    Today

    13.

    ashita

    Tomorrow

    14.

    asatte

    The Day after Tomorrow

    15.

    yuube

    Last Night

    16.

    kesa

    This Morning

    17.

    konban

    Tonight

    18.

    ima

    Now

    19.

    maishuu

    Every Week

    20.

    mainichi

    Every Day

    21.

    maiasa

    Every Morning

    22.

    maiban

    Every Night

    itsumo

    Always

    23.
    24.

    asa

    Morning

    25.

    yoru

    Night

    26.

    haru

    Spring

    27.

    natsu

    Summer

    28.

    aki

    Autumn

    29.

    fuyu

    Winter

    30.

    mukashi

    In the Past/In the Old Days

    31.

    konomae

    The Other Day/Recently

    32.

    konoaida

    The Other Day/Recently

    itsu

    When

    33.

    The above 2 lists of Japanese time expression are not exhaustive, but you should get the idea which are
    those that require (ni).

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