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    Brinell Hardness Test

    Uploaded by

    MYasir
    To determine the deformation of metal specimen when hardened steel specimen is pressed into it under different normal loads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Brinell Hardness Test

    Uploaded by

    MYasir
    679 views5 pages
    To determine the deformation of metal specimen when hardened steel specimen is pressed into it under different normal loads.

    Original Title

    BRINELL HARDNESS TEST

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    To determine the deformation of metal specimen when hardened steel specimen is pressed into it under different normal loads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    679 views5 pages

    Brinell Hardness Test

    Uploaded by

    MYasir
    To determine the deformation of metal specimen when hardened steel specimen is pressed into it under different normal loads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    The key takeaways are that the document describes conducting an experiment to determine the Brinell hardness number of mild steel using a Brinell hardness tester. It explains what hardness is, how the Brinell hardness number is calculated, and the procedure for the experiment.

    The purpose of conducting a Brinell hardness test is to determine the deformation of a metal specimen when a hardened steel ball is pressed into it under different normal loads, and to use the indentation to determine the properties of the metal.

    The Brinell hardness number is calculated by dividing the applied load by the spherical surface area of the indentation using the formula: BHN= 2P πD[D−√ D 2−d 2] where P is the applied load, D is the diameter of the steel ball, and d is the diameter of the indentation impression.

    EXPERIMENT NO.

    1
    BRINELL HARDNESS TEST
    Objectives:
    To determine the deformation of metal specimen when
    hardened steel specimen is pressed into it under different
    normal loads.
    To use the dentation to determine the properties of a metal.

    Apparatus:

    Brinell hardness tester


    Weights
    Mild steel sample
    Microscope ( scale and graduated)
    Steel ball (indenter)

    THEORY:
    Hardness is the property of a material by virtue of its ability to
    resist indentation and scratching by harder bodies. It is the
    resistance of a material to permanent deformation of the
    surface. In other words, one can define it as the resistance of
    the metal to penetration by indenter. The hardness of a surface
    of the material is, of course, a direct result of inter-atomic
    forces acting on the surface of the material. We must note that
    hardness is not a fundamental property of a material, however,
    but rather a combined effect of compressive, elastic and
    plastics properties relative to mode of penetration, shape of
    penetrator, etc. Hardness seems to bear a fairly constant
    relationship to the tensile strength of given material and thus it
    can be used as a practical non-destructive test for an
    approximate idea of the value of that property and the state of
    the metal near the surface.

    All hardness tests are made on the surface. We may note that
    in mechanical tests the bulk of material is involved.

    Sometimes hardness is expressed in terms of macro hardness &


    micro hardness. The macro hardness of material relates to its
    resistance to larger value displacements in plastic deformation,
    whereas micro hardness is the hardness of the materials in
    microscopically small volumes e.g. in grain boundaries.
    Hardness of material is of importance for dies and punches,
    limit gauges, cutting tools, bearing surfaces etc. Softness of a
    material is opposite extreme of hardness. On heating all
    materials become soft.

    Brinell Hardness Number:


    Brinell hardness number is the hardness index, calculated by
    pressing a hardened steel ball (indenter) into test specimen
    under standardized hardness of metallic materials, to check
    quality level of products, for uniformity of samples of metals.
    The Brinell hardness number is obtained by dividing the applied
    force by the spherical surface area of the indentation.

    Mathematically;
    BHN =

    BHN =

    Applied load Kg
    Areaof indentation

    2P
    D [D D2d 2 ]

    Where,
    P= Applied load, D=
    indentation impression

    Diameter

    of

    steel

    ball,

    d=

    Brinell harness tester have a scope that we calculate the


    hardness number of material but it also have a demerit that it
    is used to test those structure that have a rough surfaces and
    hence we also separately need a microscope to check the
    indentation impression and a scale to measure it. As compared
    to that Rockwell is compatible easier in calculations because it

    gives a hardness number on it scale we dont need separate


    scale for that.

    FIGURE:

    Procedure:
    I. 1. First we clean the specimen from grease, and all dirt.
    II.
    III.
    IV.

    Then we placed the specimen in brinell hardness tester


    Then Apply the load of 3000 Kg and ball indenter we use
    10 mm in diameter for a few second
    Further removed the load and we get indentation
    impression

    V.

    VI.

    See this indentation impression by the help of microscope


    and measure it with a scale which is engraved with a
    microscope
    Hence we get Hardness number of specimen

    Observation and Calculation:


    Sr.No

    Applied
    Load (P)
    (Kg)

    Ball Diameter
    diameter( of
    D)
    Indent(d)
    (mm)
    (mm)

    3000

    10

    3.65

    Brinell
    Hardnes
    s
    Number
    (B.H.N)
    280

    3000

    10

    3.6

    277

    Sample Calculation:

    2(3000)

    B.H.N =

    3.14 10[10 ( 10 )2 (3.65 )2]

    3000/10.675

    280 .00

    So, above expression show that B.H.N is


    280.00 for mild steel
    Conclusion: We can calculate the mild steel hardness
    number with the help of Hardness tester machine. So with the
    help of that we become familiar about the brinell hardness
    number of mild steel.

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